隨著信息化的不斷進行,企業應用紫金橋實時數據庫的規模也越來越大,為了便於信息的處理和共享,往往整個生產數據的保存、分析、處理、Web服務等最終都集中在一台服務器上。
zhetaifuwuqinenggoujinxingkekaoanquangongzuodezhongyaoxingshiwuyongzhiyide,ruguochuxianfuwuqitingjihuoshujudiushi,jiuhuiduishengchanjiankongheshengchanguanlizaochengzhongdadeyingxiang。suoyibixucaiquheshidecuoshilaizengqiangzhenggeshishishujukuxitongdewendingxingkekaoxing。
有一種常見的方法可以大幅提高服務器的安全性,這就是集群。集群技術可如下定義:一(yi)組(zu)相(xiang)互(hu)獨(du)立(li)的(de)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)在(zai)網(wang)絡(luo)中(zhong)表(biao)現(xian)為(wei)單(dan)一(yi)的(de)係(xi)統(tong),並(bing)以(yi)單(dan)一(yi)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)模(mo)式(shi)加(jia)以(yi)管(guan)理(li)。此(ci)單(dan)一(yi)係(xi)統(tong)為(wei)客(ke)戶(hu)工(gong)作(zuo)站(zhan)提(ti)供(gong)高(gao)可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)的(de)服(fu)務(wu)。就(jiu)像(xiang)冗(rong)餘(yu)部(bu)件(jian)可(ke)以(yi)使(shi)係(xi)統(tong)免(mian)於(yu)硬(ying)件(jian)故(gu)障(zhang)一(yi)樣(yang),群(qun)集(ji)技(ji)術(shu)則(ze)可(ke)以(yi)使(shi)整(zheng)個(ge)係(xi)統(tong)免(mian)於(yu)癱(tan)瘓(huan)以(yi)及(ji)操(cao)作(zuo)係(xi)統(tong)和(he)應(ying)用(yong)層(ceng)次(ci)的(de)故(gu)障(zhang)。一(yi)台(tai)集(ji)群(qun)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)包(bao)含(han)多(duo)台(tai)擁(yong)有(you)共(gong)享(xiang)數(shu)據(ju)存(cun)儲(chu)空(kong)間(jian)的(de)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi),各(ge)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)之(zhi)間(jian)通(tong)過(guo)內(nei)部(bu)局(ju)域(yu)網(wang)進(jin)行(xing)互(hu)相(xiang)連(lian)接(jie);當其中一台服務器發生故障時,它所運行的應用程序將與之相連的服務器自動接管。
紫金橋實時數據庫現在已經支持群集和磁盤陣列技術,使用這些技術可以大大的提高係統的穩定性、安全性和可靠性。群集和高可用性結合的服務器可將運行提升至99.99%。群(qun)集(ji)技(ji)術(shu)不(bu)僅(jin)僅(jin)能(neng)夠(gou)提(ti)供(gong)更(geng)長(chang)的(de)運(yun)行(xing)時(shi)間(jian),它(ta)在(zai)盡(jin)可(ke)能(neng)地(di)減(jian)少(shao)與(yu)既(ji)定(ding)停(ting)機(ji)有(you)關(guan)的(de)停(ting)機(ji)時(shi)間(jian)方(fang)麵(mian)同(tong)樣(yang)有(you)著(zhe)重(zhong)要(yao)意(yi)義(yi)。集(ji)群(qun)係(xi)統(tong)通(tong)過(guo)功(gong)能(neng)整(zheng)合(he)和(he)故(gu)障(zhang)過(guo)渡(du)技(ji)術(shu)實(shi)現(xian)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)高(gao)可(ke)用(yong)性(xing)和(he)高(gao)可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing),集(ji)群(qun)技(ji)術(shu)還(hai)能(neng)夠(gou)提(ti)供(gong)相(xiang)對(dui)低(di)廉(lian)的(de)總(zong)體(ti)擁(yong)有(you)成(cheng)本(ben)和(he)強(qiang)大(da)靈(ling)活(huo)的(de)係(xi)統(tong)擴(kuo)充(chong)能(neng)力(li)。
群集係統圖如下所示:
圖(tu)中(zhong)的(de)兩(liang)台(tai)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)分(fen)別(bie)具(ju)有(you)一(yi)個(ge)本(ben)地(di)盤(pan)用(yong)於(yu)安(an)裝(zhuang)操(cao)作(zuo)係(xi)統(tong)。服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)中(zhong)分(fen)別(bie)安(an)裝(zhuang)由(you)兩(liang)塊(kuai)網(wang)卡(ka),其(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)組(zu)網(wang)卡(ka)用(yong)於(yu)網(wang)絡(luo)服(fu)務(wu)的(de)提(ti)供(gong),另(ling)一(yi)組(zu)網(wang)卡(ka)通(tong)過(guo)一(yi)條(tiao)心(xin)跳(tiao)網(wang)線(xian)構(gou)成(cheng)了(le)一(yi)個(ge)內(nei)部(bu)互(hu)連(lian)的(de)高(gao)速(su)網(wang)絡(luo),這(zhe)個(ge)高(gao)速(su)網(wang)絡(luo)是(shi)用(yong)於(yu)兩(liang)台(tai)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)信(xin)息(xi)傳(chuan)遞(di)。所(suo)有(you)要(yao)求(qiu)維(wei)護(hu)高(gao)可(ke)用(yong)性(xing)的(de)數(shu)據(ju)和(he)應(ying)用(yong)程(cheng)序(xu)代(dai)碼(ma)都(dou)存(cun)儲(chu)在(zai)共(gong)享(xiang)的(de)存(cun)儲(chu)設(she)備(bei)中(zhong),這(zhe)也(ye)是(shi)該(gai)方(fang)案(an)的(de)關(guan)鍵(jian)部(bu)分(fen)。兩(liang)台(tai)群(qun)集(ji)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)之(zhi)間(jian)通(tong)過(guo)專(zhuan)用(yong)心(xin)跳(tiao)檢(jian)測(ce)線(xian)路(lu)連(lian)接(jie)在(zai)一(yi)起(qi),必(bi)須(xu)保(bao)障(zhang)這(zhe)條(tiao)專(zhuan)用(yong)心(xin)跳(tiao)檢(jian)測(ce)線(xian)路(lu)的(de)可(ke)靠(kao),他(ta)是(shi)整(zheng)個(ge)群(qun)集(ji)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)可(ke)靠(kao)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)基(ji)礎(chu)。群(qun)集(ji)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)之(zhi)間(jian)通(tong)過(guo)這(zhe)條(tiao)線(xian)來(lai)傳(chuan)送(song)信(xin)息(xi),判(pan)斷(duan)是(shi)否(fou)其(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)個(ge)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)出(chu)現(xian)了(le)故(gu)障(zhang),從(cong)而(er)進(jin)行(xing)工(gong)作(zuo)切(qie)換(huan)。
群集係統通過 Microsoft 群集服務實現故障轉移,MSCS guzhangzhuanyigongnengshitongguoqunjizhonglianjiededuogejisuanjizhongderongyushixiande,meitaijisuanjidoujuyoudulideguzhangzhuangtai。weileshixianrongyu,xuyaozaiqunjizhongdeduogefuwuqishanganzhuangzijinqiaoshishishujuku。danzairenyishike,zijinqiaoshishishujukuzhizaiyigejiedianshangchuyulianjizhuangtai。danggaiyingyongchengxuchuxianguzhanghuogaifuwuqitingjishi,zijinqiaoshishishujukujiangzailingyigejiedianshangzhongxinqidong。meigejiediandoujuyouzijideneicun、係統磁盤、操作係統和群集資源的子集。如果某一節點出現故障,另一個節點將接管故障節點的資源(此過程稱為“故障轉移”)。要使紫金橋實時數據庫恢複到發生故障轉移時的那一點,節點必須能夠訪問保持實時數據庫狀態的共享存儲區。
所suo以yi群qun集ji服fu務wu器qi需xu要yao保bao存cun的de生sheng產chan數shu據ju是shi保bao存cun在zai共gong享xiang的de磁ci盤pan陣zhen列lie上shang,這zhe個ge磁ci盤pan陣zhen列lie不bu屬shu於yu其qi中zhong的de任ren何he一yi個ge服fu務wu器qi,而er是shi歸gui兩liang個ge服fu務wu器qi所suo共gong享xiang。當dang一yi台tai服fu務wu器qi係xi統tong發fa生sheng故gu障zhang時shi,群qun集ji係xi統tong另ling一yi台tai服fu務wu器qi會hui立li即ji承cheng擔dan發fa生sheng故gu障zhang服fu務wu器qi的de工gong作zuo,將jiang共gong享xiang卷juan、權限、yonghuhewenjiangongxiangdengjinxingqianyi,congerbaozhengzhenggequnjixitongzuoyeyunxingdelianxuxing。dangfashengguzhangfuwuqixiufuzhongxinjiaruqunjixitonghou,zidonghuifudaochushidezhengchangzhuangtai。
雙(shuang)上(shang)麵(mian)的(de)介(jie)紹(shao)我(wo)們(men)可(ke)以(yi)看(kan)到(dao)使(shi)用(yong)紫(zi)金(jin)橋(qiao)實(shi)時(shi)數(shu)據(ju)庫(ku)支(zhi)持(chi)的(de)群(qun)集(ji)熱(re)備(bei)功(gong)能(neng)可(ke)以(yi)大(da)大(da)的(de)增(zeng)強(qiang)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)和(he)可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)。另(ling)外(wai)群(qun)集(ji)熱(re)備(bei)係(xi)統(tong)不(bu)同(tong)於(yu)以(yi)往(wang)的(de)雙(shuang)機(ji)熱(re)備(bei)係(xi)統(tong),後(hou)者(zhe)是(shi)主(zhu)要(yao)通(tong)過(guo)軟(ruan)件(jian)的(de)實(shi)時(shi)通(tong)訊(xun)來(lai)完(wan)成(cheng)信(xin)息(xi)的(de)共(gong)享(xiang),而(er)群(qun)集(ji)熱(re)備(bei)係(xi)統(tong)依(yi)靠(kao)硬(ying)件(jian)來(lai)實(shi)現(xian)這(zhe)一(yi)點(dian)。所(suo)以(yi)和(he)雙(shuang)機(ji)熱(re)備(bei)係(xi)統(tong)相(xiang)比(bi)較(jiao),群(qun)集(ji)熱(re)備(bei)係(xi)統(tong)更(geng)加(jia)的(de)可(ke)靠(kao),穩(wen)定(ding)。