隨著汽車行業的蓬勃發展,燃油經濟性的要求以及排放標準的要求也越發嚴格起來,越來越多的係統應用到汽車當中,例如進氣/尾氣管理係統、燃油蒸汽管理係統、刹車助力係統、柴油顆粒濾清係統等。這些係統都需要借助壓力傳感器快速準確獲得的壓力信息來確定係統的狀態和下一步的動作。
1. 進氣/尾氣管理係統
汽(qi)車(che)引(yin)擎(qing)管(guan)理(li)係(xi)統(tong)需(xu)要(yao)在(zai)適(shi)當(dang)的(de)時(shi)間(jian)噴(pen)射(she)適(shi)量(liang)的(de)燃(ran)油(you)到(dao)氣(qi)缸(gang)中(zhong),這(zhe)樣(yang)可(ke)以(yi)使(shi)得(de)燃(ran)油(you)充(chong)分(fen)有(you)效(xiao)的(de)燃(ran)燒(shao),達(da)到(dao)最(zui)佳(jia)的(de)燃(ran)燒(shao)效(xiao)率(lv),減(jian)小(xiao)汙(wu)染(ran)。引(yin)擎(qing)管(guan)理(li)器(qi)的(de)ECU做決定是基於一係列的傳感器信號的,例如曲軸位置、凸輪軸位置、空氣流量、進氣歧管溫度、進氣歧管壓力等。其中進氣歧管壓力傳感器是一個工作在絕壓模式的壓力傳感器,ECU根據該壓力信號計算需要噴射的燃油量,使得燃燒過程獲得最佳的空燃比。
為了減少氮氧化物的排放,有些車輛搭載EGR(Exhaust Gas Recirculation, 廢氣再循環)係統。EGR係(xi)統(tong)將(jiang)一(yi)小(xiao)部(bu)分(fen)廢(fei)氣(qi)引(yin)入(ru)進(jin)氣(qi)歧(qi)管(guan),由(you)於(yu)廢(fei)氣(qi)具(ju)有(you)惰(duo)性(xing)會(hui)延(yan)緩(huan)燃(ran)燒(shao)過(guo)程(cheng),燃(ran)燒(shao)速(su)度(du)將(jiang)會(hui)放(fang)慢(man),燃(ran)燒(shao)最(zui)高(gao)溫(wen)度(du)降(jiang)低(di),燃(ran)燒(shao)室(shi)中(zhong)的(de)壓(ya)力(li)形(xing)成(cheng)過(guo)程(cheng)放(fang)慢(man),從(cong)而(er)減(jian)少(shao)氮(dan)氧(yang)化(hua)物(wu)的(de)產(chan)生(sheng)。由(you)於(yu)廢(fei)氣(qi)溫(wen)度(du)高(gao)並(bing)且(qie)含(han)有(you)多(duo)種(zhong)有(you)腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)的(de)物(wu)質(zhi),因(yin)此(ci)搭(da)載(zai)了(le)EGR係統的車輛對進氣歧管壓力傳感器提出了更高的介質兼容性要求。
2. 燃油蒸汽管理係統
由you於yu燃ran油you的de揮hui發fa是shi碳tan氫qing排pai放fang的de主zhu要yao原yuan因yin之zhi一yi,在zai美mei國guo一yi些xie州zhou的de法fa令ling中zhong強qiang製zhi要yao求qiu對dui汽qi車che的de燃ran油you蒸zheng汽qi進jin行xing管guan理li。在zai加jia油you站zhan給gei汽qi車che加jia油you時shi燃ran油you蒸zheng汽qi會hui直zhi接jie排pai放fang到dao大da氣qi中zhong,這zhe樣yang既ji不bu環huan保bao又you浪lang費fei了le燃ran油you。搭da載zai燃ran油you蒸zheng汽qi管guan理li係xi統tong汽qi車che的de油you箱xiang蒸zheng汽qi通tong過guo分fen離li閥fa經jing管guan道dao進jin入ru活huo性xing炭tan罐guan,活huo性xing炭tan罐guan中zhong的de活huo性xing炭tan多duo孔kong且qie表biao麵mian積ji很hen大da,可ke吸xi附fu大da量liang燃ran油you蒸zheng汽qi分fen子zi。活huo性xing炭tan罐guan與yu引yin擎qing的de進jin氣qi歧qi管guan相xiang連lian,當dang引yin擎qing運yun轉zhuan在zai進jin氣qi衝chong程cheng時shi時shi,活huo塞sai運yun動dong使shi進jin氣qi歧qi管guan產chan生sheng低di壓ya,在zai進jin氣qi歧qi管guan低di壓ya吸xi力li作zuo用yong下xia,空kong氣qi從cong活huo性xing炭tan罐guan中zhong經jing過guo,將jiang活huo性xing炭tan罐guan中zhong吸xi附fu的de燃ran油you蒸zheng汽qi分fen子zi送song入ru引yin擎qing燃ran燒shao,使shi之zhi得de到dao充chong分fen應ying用yong,活huo性xing炭tan罐guan中zhong活huo性xing炭tan的de吸xi附fu能neng力li得de到dao恢hui複fu。燃ran油you蒸zheng汽qi管guan理li係xi統tong中zhong需xu要yao微wei壓ya傳chuan感gan器qi(表壓模式)來檢測燃油蒸汽是否有泄露。
3. 刹車助力係統
zhenkongshachezhuliqishizhenkongzhulisifuzhidongxitongdehexinbujian,liyongyinqingjinqiqiguandezhenkonghedaqiyadeyachajinxingshachezhuli。zaishacheweicaixiashi,qishimopiangebanjiangzhenkongzhuliqifenweidelianggeqiangshiliantongde,tongguozhenkongdanxiangfajiedaoyinqingdejinqiqiguan,lianggeqishijunweizhenkong。caixiashachezhidongtabanshi,qishimopiangebanyidong,kongqifadakai,zhenkongfaguanbi,qishideqianqiangweizhenkong,qishidehouqiangyudaqixianglian。lianggeqiangzhijiandeyalichazuoyongzaiqishimopiangebanshang,xiangdangyuzengjialeshachezhidongli,zhidonglitongguozhidongzhugangtuiganchuandaozhidongzhugang,shixianshachegongneng。
如ru果guo刹sha車che助zhu力li係xi統tong出chu現xian漏lou氣qi現xian象xiang,會hui造zao成cheng在zai刹sha車che時shi氣qi室shi前qian後hou腔qiang的de壓ya差cha很hen小xiao甚shen至zhi消xiao失shi,刹sha車che助zhu力li係xi統tong失shi效xiao,造zao成cheng製zhi動dong距ju離li增zeng加jia,製zhi動dong困kun難nan等deng。另ling外wai燃ran油you直zhi噴pen係xi統tong和he起qi停ting係xi統tong的de搭da載zai使shi得de汽qi車che進jin氣qi歧qi管guan的de真zhen空kong度du降jiang低di,就jiu需xu要yao安an裝zhuang真zhen空kong泵beng提ti供gong真zhen空kong來lai源yuan以yi滿man足zu刹sha車che助zhu力li係xi統tong的de要yao求qiu。在zai上shang述shu兩liang種zhong情qing況kuang下xia都dou有you必bi要yao增zeng加jia一yi個ge壓ya力li傳chuan感gan器qi來lai監jian測ce氣qi室shi前qian後hou腔qiang之zhi間jian的de壓ya力li差cha是shi否fou合he適shi,如ru有you漏lou氣qi則ze應ying啟qi動dong相xiang應ying的de警jing告gao係xi統tong,如ru果guo真zhen空kong度du不bu夠gou則ze應ying通tong知zhiECU啟動真空泵提供額外的真空。
4. 柴油尾氣濾清係統
由於柴油引擎的物理特性,其排放的廢氣中除了一氧化碳、碳氫化合物、氮dan氧yang化hua物wu以yi外wai還hai有you一yi些xie微wei小xiao的de顆ke粒li物wu,這zhe些xie顆ke粒li物wu是shi造zao成cheng黑hei煙yan的de主zhu要yao原yuan因yin。為wei了le滿man足zu排pai放fang要yao求qiu,減jian少shao環huan境jing汙wu染ran,越yue來lai越yue多duo的de柴chai油you引yin擎qing都dou搭da載zai了le柴chai油you顆ke粒li濾lv清qing係xi統tong(DPF, Diesel Particulate Filter)。chaiyouyinqingranshaochanshengdeweiqijingguochaiyoukelilvqingqishi,lvqingqideduokongxitonghuibuzhuoqizhongdekeli,dangchaiyouweiqikelibuduanzailvqingqizhongleijijiuhuizaochenglvqingqibaoheshenzhidusai,yincixuyaoduilvqingqijinxingzaisheng。tongguoyigechayachuanganqijiancelvqingqijinqikouhechuqikouzhijiandeyacha,dangyachagaoyushedingdeyuzhishirenweilvqingqidadaobaohe,ECUkongzhitigaoyinqingwendu,yinqingpaifangchugaowenweiqiyiranshaocunchuzailvqingqizhongdekeli,wanchenglvqingqidezaisheng。youyuweiqiwendugao,bingqiehanyouduozhongyoufushixingdeqitihekeli,xuyaokaolvjiezhijianrongxingdewenti。
5. 以天然氣/液化石油氣為燃料的係統
由於天然氣/液化石油氣價格相對便宜,排氣汙染小,安全可靠,車輛改裝簡單,一些產天然氣/液化石油氣的國家和地區越來越多的使用天然氣/液化石油氣作為燃料。在保留原車供油係統的情況下,增加一套專用的天然氣/液化石油氣裝置,形成“雙燃料汽車”。壓縮天然氣/液ye化hua石shi油you氣qi被bei儲chu存cun在zai鋼gang瓶ping中zhong,通tong過guo減jian壓ya閥fa和he壓ya力li調tiao節jie器qi將jiang鋼gang瓶ping中zhong的de高gao壓ya燃ran氣qi送song到dao燃ran燒shao室shi與yu空kong氣qi充chong分fen混hun合he後hou燃ran燒shao為wei汽qi車che提ti供gong動dong力li。通tong過guo兩liang個ge壓ya力li傳chuan感gan器qi分fen別bie監jian測ce燃ran氣qi和he進jin氣qi歧qi管guan中zhong空kong氣qi的de壓ya力li可ke以yi更geng好hao的de控kong製zhi空kong燃ran比bi,達da到dao最zui佳jia的de燃ran燒shao狀zhuang態tai,提ti高gao燃ran料liao的de經jing濟ji性xing,減jian少shao汙wu染ran。
朝輝儀器提供集成式的壓力傳感器,例如空調冷媒壓力傳感器、機油壓力傳感器、變速箱壓力傳感器、刹車油壓傳感器、高壓共軌壓力傳感器等。產品具有抗過載、抗衝擊能力強、線性好、長期穩定性高、溫度範圍寬、不鏽鋼外殼、外觀小巧美觀,易於安裝、耐振動、循環疲勞壓力達1000萬次等特點。