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引言 zaishukongqiegejishufeisufazhandejintian,renmenyijingyishidaoliyongxianjindeshukongqiege,bujinshibaozhengchanpinqiegezhiliangdeguanjian,erqieyeshitigaobancailiyonglvdeguanjian,yinciduiyushukongqiegeheyouhuataoliaodezhongshichengduyuelaiyuegao。danshi,zaixianshiqiegeshengchanhuanjiezhong,baokuojuchuang、剪jian床chuang和he小xiao車che切qie割ge機ji在zai內nei的de機ji械xie切qie割ge仍reng然ran在zai主zhu導dao地di位wei,不bu僅jin設she備bei保bao有you量liang大da,而er且qie鋼gang材cai切qie割ge下xia料liao的de數shu量liang巨ju大da,傳chuan統tong的de機ji械xie切qie割ge,生sheng產chan方fang式shi落luo後hou,鋼gang材cai浪lang費fei嚴yan重zhong。 在提倡“資源節約型社會”的(de)今(jin)天(tian),鋼(gang)材(cai)的(de)消(xiao)耗(hao)與(yu)浪(lang)費(fei)問(wen)題(ti)被(bei)擺(bai)到(dao)了(le)十(shi)分(fen)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)位(wei)置(zhi),如(ru)何(he)在(zai)機(ji)械(xie)切(qie)割(ge)這(zhe)一(yi)傳(chuan)統(tong)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)方(fang)式(shi)中(zhong),引(yin)進(jin)和(he)推(tui)廣(guang)先(xian)進(jin)的(de)切(qie)割(ge)生(sheng)產(chan)管(guan)理(li)方(fang)法(fa),為(wei)機(ji)械(xie)切(qie)割(ge)提(ti)供(gong)一(yi)套(tao)有(you)效(xiao)的(de)解(jie)決(jue)方(fang)案(an),改(gai)進(jin)機(ji)械(xie)切(qie)割(ge)落(luo)後(hou)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)技(ji)術(shu)與(yu)生(sheng)產(chan)方(fang)式(shi),同(tong)時(shi)有(you)效(xiao)解(jie)決(jue)鋼(gang)材(cai)浪(lang)費(fei)問(wen)題(ti),這(zhe)是(shi)所(suo)有(you)從(cong)事(shi)鋼(gang)材(cai)切(qie)割(ge)焊(han)接(jie)生(sheng)產(chan)企(qi)業(ye)都(dou)非(fei)常(chang)關(guan)注(zhu)和(he)急(ji)待(dai)解(jie)決(jue)的(de)問(wen)題(ti)!在(zai)本(ben)次(ci)項(xiang)目(mu)中(zhong)主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)利(li)用(yong)液(ye)壓(ya)係(xi)統(tong)結(jie)合(he)步(bu)進(jin)電(dian)機(ji)來(lai)實(shi)現(xian)板(ban)材(cai)切(qie)割(ge)。並(bing)根(gen)據(ju)材(cai)料(liao)的(de)長(chang)度(du)來(lai)進(jin)行(xing)對(dui)材(cai)料(liao)的(de)切(qie)割(ge),在(zai)電(dian)器(qi)行(xing)業(ye)中(zhong),空(kong)調(tiao)行(xing)業(ye)迅(xun)速(su)發(fa)展(zhan),需(xu)求(qiu)量(liang)也(ye)大(da)大(da)提(ti)高(gao)。本(ben)次(ci)的(de)液(ye)壓(ya)剪(jian)板(ban)機(ji)中(zhong)主(zhu)要(yao)做(zuo)空(kong)調(tiao)的(de)配(pei)件(jian),並(bing)利(li)用(yong)液(ye)壓(ya)係(xi)統(tong)來(lai)給(gei)板(ban)子(zi)壓(ya)弧(hu)。 關鍵詞;液壓係統,步進電機,PLC Introduction In cutting technology rapid development today, people have realized using advanced CNC cutting, not only is the key to ensure product quality of cutting, but also improve the utilization ratio of sheet, therefore the key for cutting and optimize material increasingly high degree of attention. But, in reality, including production cutting machine, and a car telefon, cutting machine, still in the dominant big and quantities equipment cutting steel, the huge number of traditional machine cutting, backward production mode, steel waste is serious. In advocating resource-conserving society ", "today, steel consumption and waste problem is a very important position in machinery, how to cut the traditional mode of production, to introduce and popularize advanced production management method for cutting machine cutting provides a set of effective solutions, improve mechanical cut backward production technology and production methods, and effectively solve the problem, it is waste steel welded steel cutting all engaged in manufacturing enterprises are very concerned and the problems to be solved! In this project was mainly used in hydraulic systems with stepper motor to realize the plate cutting. According to the length of the materials for material to cut in electrical industry, air conditioning industry developing rapidly, demand too greatly improved. The hydraulic plate shears mainly do the air-conditioning accessories, and using the hydraulic system to bat pressure arc. Keywords; Hydraulic system, stepping motor, PLC 一 項目簡介: 1.公司介紹 本(ben)項(xiang)目(mu)所(suo)在(zai)的(de)公(gong)司(si)為(wei)德(de)州(zhou)模(mo)具(ju)廠(chang),是(shi)一(yi)家(jia)私(si)人(ren)公(gong)司(si),主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)做(zuo)空(kong)調(tiao)配(pei)件(jian)的(de)剪(jian)切(qie),以(yi)前(qian)的(de)設(she)備(bei)主(zhu)要(yao)就(jiu)是(shi)靠(kao)一(yi)些(xie)電(dian)器(qi)元(yuan)件(jian)來(lai)完(wan)成(cheng)剪(jian)切(qie)材(cai)料(liao)的(de)加(jia)工(gong),所(suo)以(yi)這(zhe)次(ci)的(de)項(xiang)目(mu)主(zhu)要(yao)就(jiu)是(shi)利(li)用(yong)PLC和步進電機來代替,並且可以達到準確定位。並且運用永宏FBS-14MCT和FD101來完成
2.項目工藝: 本次液壓剪板機,主要是利用PLCgeibujindianjifamaichongdangdaodazhidingdeweizhishi,liyongyeyaxitonglaiyahecailiao,zaixiayadejixiezhuangzhizhongneibuyoudaopianheyakongtou,ranhouyizhichixubuduandiyakonghejianduan,zhidaosuoshedingdejiagongjianshuwanchengweizhi。zaizhecixiangmuzhongliyongdeshiyeyaxitong。yinweiyeyaxitongzhuyaoshianqudongzhuangzhi(主機)要求供油,並控製油流的方向,壓力和流量,推動各種液壓機械做功適用於主機與液壓裝置可分離的各種液壓機械下。
3.項目運用產品: 本次項目中主要運用了永宏的1台FBS-14MCT和1台FD101來完成的,而14MCT主要控製步進電機發脈衝來完成的,首先永宏14MCT是高功能主機可同時驅動4台的伺服電機最高可輸入輸出200KHZ的頻率在本次的項目中去控製步進電機是搓搓有餘,並結合FD101來完成材料的選擇,加工的件數,啟動的功能,定點的長度等等。
二 控製係統的構成; 1.係統硬件的構成 液壓剪板機主要采用;液壓係統,步進電機,永宏PLC FBs係列的14MCT和文本顯示器FD101來實現所需的功能 在本次的液壓剪板機中液壓係統很關鍵,並且液壓係統主要就是以液壓油圍攻做介質,通過動力元件(油泵)將原動機的機械能變為液壓油的壓力能,再通過控製元件,然後借助執行元件(油缸或油馬達)將jiang壓ya力li能neng轉zhuan換huan為wei機ji械xie能neng。在zai液ye壓ya傳chuan動dong係xi統tong中zhong用yong的de通tong斷duan式shi或huo邏luo輯ji式shi控kong製zhi元yuan件jian,就jiu其qi控kong製zhi目mu的de,是shi保bao持chi被bei調tiao定ding值zhi的de穩wen定ding或huo單dan純chun變bian換huan方fang向xiang。並bing且qie在zai目mu前qian的de四si大da類lei傳chuan動dong方fang式shi(機械,電氣,液壓和氣壓)中(zhong),沒(mei)有(you)一(yi)種(zhong)動(dong)力(li)傳(chuan)動(dong)時(shi)十(shi)全(quan)十(shi)美(mei)的(de)。而(er)液(ye)壓(ya)傳(chuan)動(dong)具(ju)有(you)很(hen)明(ming)顯(xian)的(de)有(you)點(dian),從(cong)結(jie)構(gou)上(shang)看(kan),其(qi)單(dan)位(wei)重(zhong)量(liang)的(de)輸(shu)出(chu)功(gong)率(lv)和(he)單(dan)位(wei)尺(chi)寸(cun)輸(shu)出(chu)功(gong)率(lv)在(zai)這(zhe)四(si)類(lei)傳(chuan)動(dong)方(fang)式(shi)中(zhong)試(shi)力(li)壓(ya)群(qun)芳(fang)的(de)。也(ye)有(you)很(hen)大(da)的(de)力(li)矩(ju)慣(guan)量(liang)比(bi)。在(zai)傳(chuan)遞(di)相(xiang)同(tong)功(gong)率(lv)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia),液(ye)壓(ya)傳(chuan)動(dong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)體(ti)積(ji)小(xiao),重(zhong)量(liang)輕(qing),慣(guan)性(xing)小(xiao),結(jie)構(gou)緊(jin)湊(cou),布(bu)局(ju)靈(ling)活(huo)。從(cong)工(gong)作(zuo)性(xing)能(neng)上(shang)看(kan),速(su)度(du),扭(niu)矩(ju),功(gong)率(lv)均(jun)可(ke)無(wu)級(ji)調(tiao)節(jie),動(dong)作(zuo)響(xiang)應(ying)快(kuai),能(neng)迅(xun)速(su)換(huan)向(xiang)和(he)變(bian)速(su),調(tiao)速(su)範(fan)圍(wei)寬(kuan),操(cao)作(zuo)比(bi)較(jiao)簡(jian)單(dan),更(geng)為(wei)方(fang)便(bian)的(de)時(shi)可(ke)以(yi)和(he)電(dian)氣(qi)控(kong)製(zhi)相(xiang)配(pei)合(he) 。而且液壓和PLC控製結合構成“機-電-液-光”實現數字化的控製。所以本次的剪板機運用了液壓係統來完成壓合,切斷等工作。 步進電機:剪板機中步進電機是整個係統的核心,利用步進電機來完成實現行程定位,接受脈衝,這次項目中是利用步進驅動器和步進電機來配合PLClaiwanchengde。bujindianjishiyizhongkongzhiyongdetezhongdianji,zuoweizhixingyuanjian,shijidianyitihuadeguanjianchanpinzhiyi,erqiebujindianjishiyizhongjiangdianmaichongzhuanhuaweijiaoweiyidezhixingyuanjian。dangbujindiandongjiqudongqijieshoudaoyigemaichongxinhao(來自控製器),它就驅動步進電機按設定的方向轉動一個固定的角度(稱為“步距角”),它(ta)的(de)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)是(shi)以(yi)固(gu)定(ding)的(de)角(jiao)度(du)一(yi)步(bu)一(yi)步(bu)運(yun)行(xing)的(de)。以(yi)下(xia)圖(tu)片(pian)中(zhong)是(shi)剪(jian)板(ban)機(ji)中(zhong)用(yong)到(dao)的(de)二(er)相(xiang)混(hun)合(he)式(shi)步(bu)進(jin)驅(qu)動(dong)器(qi),該(gai)驅(qu)動(dong)器(qi)采(cai)用(yong)原(yuan)裝(zhuang)進(jin)口(kou)模(mo)塊(kuai),實(shi)現(xian)高(gao)頻(pin)斬(zhan)波(bo),恒(heng)流(liu)驅(qu)動(dong)欲(yu)行(xing)平(ping)穩(wen)噪(zao)聲(sheng)小(xiao)。所(suo)以(yi)本(ben)次(ci)項(xiang)目(mu)中(zhong)就(jiu)是(shi)利(li)用(yong)步(bu)進(jin)電(dian)機(ji)來(lai)完(wan)成(cheng)送(song)料(liao),剪(jian)切(qie)這(zhe)一(yi)係(xi)列(lie)的(de)工(gong)序(xu) PLC:在本次的項目中結合步進電機來控製的PLC應用了永宏的FBs-14MCT,剪板機中使用的步進電機細分為400個脈衝轉一圈,這樣的話因為永宏的FBs-14MCT最高輸入輸出頻率為200KHZ所以控製步進電機應該是搓搓有餘。 2.以下圖片中是剪板機硬件中所需要的硬件部分。

以下圖片是剪板機中使用的液壓站

以下文本顯示器中所要顯示的數值和設定的功能

以下是我們整個係統利用FBs-14MCT來完成的脈衝發送。 在整個係統中定位脈衝輸出尤為重要,在永宏PLC中一種專門的指令,140指令是針對脈衝發送的如下圖所示

以上命令表格中顯示的內容。隻要根據你所要行走的行程設定進去,就可以實現你所需要的功能,並且可以靈活運用,在我們的140指令中運轉中有三種選擇“DRV,DRVC,DRVZ選擇DRV是以脈衝量來發脈衝,選擇DRVC可以多軸聯動,而DRVZ是回原點的設置,還有正反轉的選擇。除此之外還可以選擇以“脈衝輸出和機械輸出”為單位,並且可以設置條件等待去執行下一步工作或選擇結束。所在使用140dingweizhilingshifeichangfangbianyingyong,zhixuyaoshedingnisuoxuyaodexingchengdetiaojian,suoyizaibencixiangmuzhong,shouxianshedinghaonisuoxuyaodexingcheng,dangbujindianjidaodasuozhidingdexingchengshi,yeyaxitongkaishigongzuozhixingxiayaheqieduancailiaodegongxu,dangwanchengcidongzuoshibujindianjikaishixingzousuoshedingdechangdu,yicixunhuan。shouxiancailiaochangdudejianqiekeyirenyisheding,suoyizaixingchengzhongshedingrenyiyigehuancunqibasuoxuyaodecailiaodechangduhuosuoyaoxingzoudexingchengshedingjinqujiukeyi,zhejiushibencixiangmuzhongdezhuyaodegongzuo(還有利用我們的140指令時1個140指令內部最多可編250定位點)。並且每一個主機最多可支持4軸伺服電機或步進電機的驅動。在我們整個剪板機調試的過程中永宏的PLC在執行發脈衝是最關鍵的問題,所以運用永宏的PLC也因此方便了很多。再是由於步進電機在接受到PLC發(fa)來(lai)的(de)脈(mai)衝(chong)的(de)時(shi)候(hou),如(ru)果(guo)速(su)度(du)太(tai)快(kuai),有(you)可(ke)能(neng)會(hui)引(yin)起(qi)步(bu)進(jin)電(dian)機(ji)有(you)一(yi)點(dian)小(xiao)小(xiao)的(de)震(zhen)動(dong),但(dan)是(shi)這(zhe)樣(yang)會(hui)導(dao)致(zhi)步(bu)進(jin)電(dian)機(ji)丟(diu)步(bu),所(suo)以(yi)行(xing)走(zou)的(de)路(lu)程(cheng)就(jiu)會(hui)才(cai)生(sheng)誤(wu)差(cha)導(dao)致(zhi)位(wei)置(zhi)不(bu)準(zhun)確(que),所(suo)以(yi)在(zai)此(ci)利(li)用(yong)了(le)141指zhi令ling時shi針zhen對dui在zai行xing走zou的de時shi候hou有you一yi個ge加jia減jian速su時shi間jian,防fang止zhi步bu進jin電dian機ji在zai接jie受shou快kuai速su度du的de時shi候hou產chan生sheng震zhen動dong,所suo以yi在zai執zhi行xing的de時shi候hou有you一yi個ge加jia速su的de啟qi動dong。但dan是shi在zai這zhe種zhong情qing況kuang下xia,由you於yu步bu進jin電dian機ji有you很hen多duo弊bi端duan,雖sui然ran啟qi動dong的de時shi候hou產chan生sheng振zhen蕩dang的de問wen題ti解jie決jue了le,但dan是shi在zai行xing走zou的de過guo程cheng還hai是shi會hui出chu現xian點dian誤wu差cha,這zhe個ge原yuan因yin主zhu要yao是shi跟gen外wai部bu的de機ji械xie裝zhuang置zhi有you關guan係xi,所suo以yi在zai這zhe種zhong情qing況kuang下xia如ru果guo要yao求qiu精jing度du很hen高gao的de情qing況kuang下xia,還hai是shi建jian議yi客ke戶hu運yun用yong伺si服fu驅qu動dong器qi比bi較jiao精jing確que,但dan是shi客ke戶hu的de需xu求qiu就jiu是shi想xiang用yong步bu進jin電dian機ji,所suo以yi隻zhi用yong在zai我wo們men內nei部bu做zuo一yi些xie內nei部bu的de比bi較jiao後hou多duo發fa幾ji個ge脈mai衝chong來lai彌mi補bu。以yi上shang就jiu是shi利li用yong永yong宏hong的dePLC來完成的剪板機的工作。 以上就是我們在做剪板機中運用永宏的PLC所實現的功能,在運用中我發現尤其是在使用,140定位指令時發送脈衝,設定數值,以及多軸聯動,精確度都非常的高,客戶對永宏的PLC 評價很高。
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