關鍵字：紫金橋 實時數據庫 群集 熱備

隨著信息化的不斷進行，企業應用紫金橋實時數據庫的規模也越來越大，為了便於信息的處理和共享，往往整個生產數據的保存
、分析、處理、Web服務等最終都集中在一台服務器上。

zhetaifuwuqinenggoujinxingkekaoanquangongzuodezhongyaoxingshiwuyongzhiyide
，ruguochuxianfuwuqitingjihuoshujudiushi
，jiuhuiduishengchanjiankongheshengchanguanlizaochengzhongdadeyingxiang。suoyibixucaiquheshidecuoshilaizengqiangzhenggeshishishujukuxitongdewendingxinghekekaoxing。

有一種常見的方法可以大幅提高服務器的安全性，這就是集群熱備係統。集群技術可如下定義：一(yi)組(zu)相(xiang)互(hu)獨(du)立(li)的(de)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)在(zai)網(wang)絡(luo)中(zhong)表(biao)現(xian)為(wei)單(dan)一(yi)的(de)係(xi)統(tong)
，並(bing)以(yi)單(dan)一(yi)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)模(mo)式(shi)加(jia)以(yi)管(guan)理(li)。此(ci)單(dan)一(yi)係(xi)統(tong)為(wei)客(ke)戶(hu)工(gong)作(zuo)站(zhan)提(ti)供(gong)高(gao)可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)的(de)服(fu)務(wu)。就(jiu)像(xiang)冗(rong)餘(yu)部(bu)件(jian)可(ke)以(yi)使(shi)係(xi)統(tong)免(mian)於(yu)硬(ying)件(jian)故(gu)障(zhang)一(yi)樣(yang)，群(qun)集(ji)技(ji)術(shu)則(ze)可(ke)以(yi)使(shi)整(zheng)個(ge)係(xi)統(tong)免(mian)於(yu)癱(tan)瘓(huan)以(yi)及(ji)操(cao)作(zuo)係(xi)統(tong)和(he)應(ying)用(yong)層(ceng)次(ci)的(de)故(gu)障(zhang)。一(yi)台(tai)集(ji)群(qun)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)包(bao)含(han)多(duo)台(tai)擁(yong)有(you)共(gong)享(xiang)數(shu)據(ju)存(cun)儲(chu)空(kong)間(jian)的(de)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)，各(ge)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)之(zhi)間(jian)通(tong)過(guo)內(nei)部(bu)局(ju)域(yu)網(wang)進(jin)行(xing)互(hu)相(xiang)連(lian)接(jie)；當其中一台服務器發生故障時

，它所運行的應用程序將與之相連的服務器自動接管。

紫金橋實時數據庫現在已經支持群集和磁盤陣列技術，使用這些技術可以大大的提高係統的穩定性
、安全性和可靠性。群集和高可用性結合的服務器可將運行提升至99.99%。群(qun)集(ji)技(ji)術(shu)不(bu)僅(jin)僅(jin)能(neng)夠(gou)提(ti)供(gong)更(geng)長(chang)的(de)運(yun)行(xing)時(shi)間(jian)，它(ta)在(zai)盡(jin)可(ke)能(neng)地(di)減(jian)少(shao)與(yu)既(ji)定(ding)停(ting)機(ji)有(you)關(guan)的(de)停(ting)機(ji)時(shi)間(jian)方(fang)麵(mian)同(tong)樣(yang)有(you)著(zhe)重(zhong)要(yao)意(yi)義(yi)。集(ji)群(qun)係(xi)統(tong)通(tong)過(guo)功(gong)能(neng)整(zheng)合(he)和(he)故(gu)障(zhang)過(guo)渡(du)技(ji)術(shu)實(shi)現(xian)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)高(gao)可(ke)用(yong)性(xing)和(he)高(gao)可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)，集(ji)群(qun)技(ji)術(shu)還(hai)能(neng)夠(gou)提(ti)供(gong)相(xiang)對(dui)低(di)廉(lian)的(de)總(zong)體(ti)擁(yong)有(you)成(cheng)本(ben)和(he)強(qiang)大(da)靈(ling)活(huo)的(de)係(xi)統(tong)擴(kuo)充(chong)能(neng)力(li)。

群集係統圖如下所示：

tuzhongdeliangtaifuwuqifenbiejuyouyigebendipanyongyuanzhuangcaozuoxitong。fuwuqizhongfenbieanzhuangyouliangkuaiwangka，qizhongyizuwangkayongyuwangluofuwudetigong，lingyizuwangkatongguoyitiaoxintiaowangxiangouchengleyigeneibuhuliandegaosuwangluo，zhegegaosuwangluoshiyongyuliangtaifuwuqizhijiandexinxichuandi。suoyouyaoqiuweihugaokeyongxingdeshujuheyingyongchengxudaimadoucunchuzaigongxiangdecunchushebeizhong
，zheyeshigaifangandeguanjianbufen。liangtaiqunjifuwuqizhijiantongguozhuanyongxintiaojiancexianlulianjiezaiyiqi，bixubaozhangzhetiaozhuanyongxintiaojiancexianludekekao
，tashizhenggequnjifuwuqikekaogongzuodejichu。qunjifuwuqizhijiantongguozhetiaoxianlaichuansongxinxi
，panduanshifouqizhongyigefuwuqichuxianleguzhang，congerjinxinggongzuoqiehuan。

群集係統通過 Microsoft 群集服務實現故障轉移
，MSCS 故gu障zhang轉zhuan移yi功gong能neng是shi通tong過guo群qun集ji中zhong連lian接jie的de多duo個ge計ji算suan機ji中zhong的de冗rong餘yu實shi現xian的de，每mei台tai計ji算suan機ji都dou具ju有you獨du立li的de故gu障zhang狀zhuang態tai。為wei了le實shi現xian冗rong餘yu，需xu要yao在zai群qun集ji中zhong的de多duo個ge服fu務wu器qi上shang安an裝zhuang紫zi金jin橋qiao實shi時shi數shu據ju庫ku。但dan在zai任ren一yi時shi刻ke
，紫zi金jin橋qiao實shi時shi數shu據ju庫ku隻zhi在zai一yi個ge節jie點dian上shang處chu於yu聯lian機ji狀zhuang態tai。當dang該gai應ying用yong程cheng序xu出chu現xian故gu障zhang或huo該gai服fu務wu器qi停ting機ji時shi，紫zi金jin橋qiao實shi時shi數shu據ju庫ku將jiang在zai另ling一yi個ge節jie點dian上shang重zhong新xin啟qi動dong。每mei個ge節jie點dian都dou具ju有you自zi己ji的de內nei存cun、係統磁盤、操作係統和群集資源的子集。如果某一節點出現故障，另一個節點將接管故障節點的資源（此過程稱為“故障轉移”）。要使紫金橋實時數據庫恢複到發生故障轉移時的那一點
，節點必須能夠訪問保持實時數據庫狀態的共享存儲區。

所(suo)以(yi)群(qun)集(ji)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)需(xu)要(yao)保(bao)存(cun)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)數(shu)據(ju)是(shi)保(bao)存(cun)在(zai)共(gong)享(xiang)的(de)磁(ci)盤(pan)陣(zhen)列(lie)上(shang)，這(zhe)個(ge)磁(ci)盤(pan)陣(zhen)列(lie)不(bu)屬(shu)於(yu)其(qi)中(zhong)的(de)任(ren)何(he)一(yi)個(ge)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)，而(er)是(shi)歸(gui)兩(liang)個(ge)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)所(suo)共(gong)享(xiang)。當(dang)一(yi)台(tai)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)係(xi)統(tong)發(fa)生(sheng)故(gu)障(zhang)時(shi)，群(qun)集(ji)係(xi)統(tong)另(ling)一(yi)台(tai)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)會(hui)立(li)即(ji)承(cheng)擔(dan)發(fa)生(sheng)故(gu)障(zhang)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)，將(jiang)共(gong)享(xiang)卷(juan)、權限、用yong戶hu和he文wen件jian共gong享xiang等deng進jin行xing遷qian移yi，從cong而er保bao證zheng整zheng個ge群qun集ji係xi統tong作zuo業ye運yun行xing的de連lian續xu性xing。當dang發fa生sheng故gu障zhang服fu務wu器qi修xiu複fu重zhong新xin加jia入ru群qun集ji係xi統tong後hou，自zi動dong恢hui複fu到dao初chu始shi的de正zheng常chang狀zhuang態tai。

tongguoshangmiandejieshaowomenkeyikandaoshiyongzijinqiaoshishishujukuzhichidequnjirebeigongnengkeyidadadezengqiangxitongdewendingxinghekekaoxing。lingwaiqunjirebeixitongbutongyuyiwangdeshuangjirebeixitong
，houzheshizhuyaotongguoruanjiandeshishitongxunlaiwanchengxinxidegongxiang，erqunjirebeixitongyikaoyingjianlaishixianzheyidian。suoyiheshuangjirebeixitongxiangbijiao，qunjirebeixitonggengjiadekekao，wending。