zaiguojijinrongweijimanyan

，shijiejingjixingshifuzaduobiandehuanjingxia


，geguozhengzhiliyutongguotiaozhengchanyejiegou，yingduijinrongweijidetiaozhan，huifujingjizengchangdedongli。yucitongshi，zhongguoyezhengtongguojijidezhiduchuangxinyouhuachanyejiegouyubuju
，baituojinrongweijideshufu，baochijingjichixu、健康和快速發展。2009nianzhongyangjingjigongzuohuiyitebiezhichuyaocongzhiduanpairushou，yinshilidaoyindaoguojichanyeyouxudixiangbenguozhuanyi，yishirangwomenchongfenliyongjinrongweijiyinzhidequanqiuchanyejiegoutiaozhengheguojifengongzhongzudelishiqiji，xiyinkejihanlianghechanpinfujiazhigaodexiandaixianjinchanyehegaoduanshengchanhuanjiexiangbenguozhuanyi，tuidongwoguochanyejiegoudeyouhuayushengji。yindaoguojichanyezhuanyidelishijiyu

　　guojijinrongweijidebaofadaozhilequanqiujingjideshuaitui，cushishijiegeguoshejiyouxiaodezhiduanpaitiaozhengchanyejiegou，yizuoweiyingduijinrongweijidezhuyaoshouduan
，zheshidejinrongweijiyoukenengweizhongguoyindaohechengjieguojichanyezhuanyichuangzaoleyicinandedelishijiyu。

　　一方麵，金融危機為中國引導國際產業轉移創造了客觀的曆史機遇。從全球維度來看，雖然隨著世界經濟一體化的深入發展，資本、技ji術shu和he勞lao動dong力li等deng生sheng產chan要yao素su在zai市shi場chang機ji製zhi的de作zuo用yong下xia全quan球qiu流liu動dong與yu組zu合he配pei置zhi
，催cui促cu著zhe一yi國guo或huo地di區qu內nei部bu的de產chan業ye向xiang具ju有you比bi較jiao優you勢shi的de地di區qu轉zhuan移yi

，但dan是shi，由you於yu發fa達da國guo家jia比bi發fa展zhan中zhong國guo家jia表biao現xian出chu較jiao高gao的de經jing濟ji發fa展zhan水shui平ping和he較jiao強qiang的de科ke技ji力li量liang，使shi得de它ta們men在zai世shi界jie分fen工gong體ti係xi和he利li益yi分fen配pei格ge局ju中zhong占zhan據ju主zhu導dao地di位wei。他ta們men將jiang資zi源yuan消xiao耗hao和he環huan境jing汙wu染ran水shui平ping高gao、jishuhanlianghechanpinfujiazhididechanyexiangfazhanzhongguojiahebufadaguojiazhuanyi，yitengchudiyukongjianfazhankejihanlianghechanpinfujiazhigaodexianjinchanyeheshengchanhuanjie，yiweichizishenzaichanyejiazhiliangaoduandeyoushidiwei。raner，youyuchuyuchanyejiazhiliangaoduandeshengchanhuanjiehexianjinchanyeduoshizibenyujishumijixingdefeiwuzhishengchanhuanjiehechanye，guojijinrongweijidebaofashidejinrongzibenduanlie，daozhifeiwuzhishengchanhuanjiehechanyequefajinrongzibendezhicheng，yiner，jinrongweijiqiangliedichongjilefadaguojianeibubuhelidegangxingchanyejiegou，birancushitamenzhongxinxietiaofeiwuzhishengchanhuanjiehechanyeyushiwushengchanhuanjiehechanyedexiangduibizhong
，jiangyibufenchuyuchanyejiazhiliangaoduandeshengchanhuanjiehezibenyujishumijixingdexianjinchanyexianghaiwaizhuanyi
，youcikenengxingchengguojichanyezhuanyidexinlangchao。

　　另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)，金(jin)融(rong)危(wei)機(ji)為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)引(yin)導(dao)國(guo)際(ji)產(chan)業(ye)轉(zhuan)移(yi)創(chuang)造(zao)了(le)主(zhu)觀(guan)的(de)曆(li)史(shi)機(ji)遇(yu)。改(gai)革(ge)開(kai)放(fang)三(san)十(shi)多(duo)年(nian)的(de)曆(li)史(shi)經(jing)驗(yan)表(biao)明(ming)，中(zhong)國(guo)成(cheng)功(gong)的(de)製(zhi)度(du)轉(zhuan)型(xing)有(you)效(xiao)地(di)促(cu)進(jin)了(le)經(jing)濟(ji)結(jie)構(gou)的(de)優(you)化(hua)和(he)經(jing)濟(ji)增(zeng)長(chang)方(fang)式(shi)的(de)轉(zhuan)變(bian)
，產(chan)生(sheng)了(le)“經濟增長奇跡”，jidadisuoxiaoleyufadaguojiadejingjifazhanchaju。jishiguojijinrongweijixijuanquanqiu
，zhishishijiegeguojingjixiahua，zhongguosuiranyewuyiliwaidibunengxingmian，raner
，zhengdangshijiegeguozhiliyuxunzhaojinrongweijideyingduizhiceshi，zhongguopingjieduiwaikaifangsanshiduoniansuojileidewuzhijichuhejishiyouxiaodezhiduanpai
，lvxianzouchulejinrongweijideyinmai，shidefadaguojiadekuaguogongsizaimianlinbentushengchanyujingyinghuanjingehuashi，zhongxinshenshizhongguodeshengchanchengbenhejiaoyichengbenyoushisuodailaideshengchanhejingyinghuanjingdegaishan。cishi
，zhongguoyoukenengyikaozhiduzhuanxingsuoleijidejingyan，jinyibutiaozhengzhengcehechuangxinzhidu，chuangzaochanyeshengjidexinhuanjing，zhudongyindaohechengjieguojixianjinchanyezhuanyi，bingzaibenguopeiyuwanzhengdechanyejiazhilian，youhuachanyedekongjianbuju，tuidongchanyejiegoushengji。yindaoguojichanyezhuanyidezhiduchuangxin

　　中zhong國guo作zuo為wei正zheng處chu於yu工gong業ye化hua進jin程cheng中zhong的de世shi界jie上shang最zui大da的de發fa展zhan中zhong國guo家jia
，要yao巧qiao借jie金jin融rong危wei機ji的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu
，加jia快kuai現xian代dai工gong業ye化hua進jin程cheng，實shi現xian大da國guo的de經jing濟ji趕gan超chao，必bi然ran需xu要yao通tong過guo製zhi度du創chuang新xin引yin導dao國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian高gao端duan的de生sheng產chan環huan節jie向xiang本ben國guo轉zhuan移yi來lai實shi現xian。為wei此ci，我wo們men有you針zhen對dui性xing地di提ti出chu引yin導dao國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he高gao端duan生sheng產chan環huan節jie轉zhuan移yi的de政zheng策ce調tiao整zheng和he製zhi度du創chuang新xin：

　　第di一yi，提ti高gao投tou資zi政zheng策ce的de差cha異yi化hua程cheng度du，破po除chu無wu形xing的de投tou資zi政zheng策ce壁bi壘lei。為wei了le承cheng接jie國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he高gao端duan生sheng產chan環huan節jie轉zhuan移yi，對dui不bu同tong地di區qu承cheng接jie不bu同tong產chan業ye或huo生sheng產chan環huan節jie的de投tou資zi政zheng策ce應ying盡jin可ke能neng差cha別bie對dui待dai

，並bing增zeng強qiang投tou資zi政zheng策ce的de透tou明ming度du
，消xiao除chu政zheng策ce性xing歧qi視shi。一yi方fang麵mian
，由you於yu中zhong國guo各ge地di區qu資zi源yuan稟bing賦fu
、jishushuipinghejingjifazhanshuipingcunzaichayi，guojiazaizhidingtouzizhengceshi
，yingkaolvgeiyugediquyidingdezizhuxing
，caiquguojiazhidingtouzizhengcezhidaoyuanze，gediquyijuciyuanzejiehezishendejingjifazhanshuiping，chayihuadizhidingguli、xianzhihejinzhiwaishangtouzichanyedezhengce。lingyifangmian
，difangzhengfuzhuguanbumenyingjiakuaiqingliyujiangditouzibileihetouzizhengcetoumingduyuanzebuxiangshiyingdezhengceguizhang
，bingzhubufeichuyixieyucujintouziziyouhuadeguojiguizexiangchongtudefalvfagui，qiejinyibuwanshancujinbutongdiqugeleichanyetouzixiangshiyingdeziyouhuaguize，tongshi
，haiyingjiaqiangtouziziyouhuazhengcededuiwaixuanchuan，jishiduiwaigongbuguli、限製和禁止外商投資產業信息，並確保這些信息的國際傳播。

　　第(di)二(er)，調(tiao)整(zheng)稅(shui)收(shou)政(zheng)策(ce)優(you)惠(hui)方(fang)式(shi)，增(zeng)強(qiang)稅(shui)收(shou)政(zheng)策(ce)的(de)相(xiang)對(dui)有(you)效(xiao)性(xing)。稅(shui)收(shou)政(zheng)策(ce)反(fan)映(ying)了(le)政(zheng)府(fu)對(dui)企(qi)業(ye)與(yu)個(ge)人(ren)收(shou)益(yi)的(de)征(zheng)稅(shui)水(shui)平(ping)
，因(yin)此(ci)，稅(shui)收(shou)政(zheng)策(ce)一(yi)直(zhi)是(shi)作(zuo)為(wei)世(shi)界(jie)各(ge)國(guo)引(yin)導(dao)產(chan)業(ye)資(zi)本(ben)流(liu)向(xiang)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)手(shou)段(duan)。為(wei)了(le)提(ti)高(gao)國(guo)際(ji)先(xian)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)和(he)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)的(de)轉(zhuan)移(yi)效(xiao)率(lv)
，應(ying)依(yi)據(ju)地(di)區(qu)特(te)征(zheng)和(he)產(chan)業(ye)的(de)特(te)性(xing)，采(cai)取(qu)多(duo)樣(yang)化(hua)的(de)稅(shui)收(shou)政(zheng)策(ce)優(you)惠(hui)方(fang)式(shi)。一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)，應(ying)適(shi)時(shi)地(di)依(yi)據(ju)地(di)區(qu)和(he)產(chan)業(ye)政(zheng)策(ce)的(de)需(xu)要(yao)
，協(xie)調(tiao)采(cai)用(yong)各(ge)種(zhong)稅(shui)收(shou)政(zheng)策(ce)優(you)惠(hui)方(fang)式(shi)。由(you)於(yu)間(jian)接(jie)稅(shui)收(shou)優(you)惠(hui)方(fang)式(shi)能(neng)對(dui)投(tou)資(zi)周(zhou)期(qi)長(chang)
、風險高的資本與技術密集型產業帶來更為實際的政策優惠，因此，應逐步采取以加速折舊、虧(kui)損(sun)彌(mi)補(bu)等(deng)間(jian)接(jie)稅(shui)收(shou)優(you)惠(hui)方(fang)式(shi)為(wei)主(zhu)，促(cu)進(jin)資(zi)本(ben)和(he)技(ji)術(shu)密(mi)集(ji)型(xing)產(chan)業(ye)投(tou)資(zi)。另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)
，政(zheng)府(fu)應(ying)依(yi)據(ju)地(di)域(yu)特(te)征(zheng)和(he)產(chan)業(ye)特(te)性(xing)製(zhi)定(ding)細(xi)化(hua)的(de)稅(shui)收(shou)優(you)惠(hui)政(zheng)策(ce)，並(bing)在(zai)地(di)區(qu)之(zhi)間(jian)、行xing業ye之zhi間jian和he生sheng產chan環huan節jie之zhi間jian體ti現xian稅shui收shou政zheng策ce優you惠hui的de相xiang對dui有you效xiao性xing。對dui於yu技ji術shu密mi集ji型xing的de先xian進jin產chan業ye或huo生sheng產chan環huan節jie，可ke賦fu予yu相xiang對dui於yu其qi他ta產chan業ye或huo生sheng產chan環huan節jie更geng為wei優you厚hou的de稅shui收shou優you惠hui
，同tong時shi，為wei了le鼓gu勵li落luo後hou地di區qu吸xi引yin產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi

，可ke適shi當dang獲huo得de相xiang對dui於yu經jing濟ji發fa達da地di區qu而er言yan更geng為wei優you厚hou的de稅shui收shou政zheng策ce，以yi提ti高gao稅shui收shou優you惠hui政zheng策ce在zai經jing濟ji落luo後hou地di區qu的de相xiang對dui有you效xiao性xing。

　　第三，創新商業交易製度，減少企業與政府之間的交往成本。為了更好地承接國際先進產業的轉移，中國應簡化對現代先進企業的創立、biangengyutuichushengchanyujingyinghuodongdeshouquanyuhuibaochengxu。shouxian，keyichangshiyouzhongyangbuweichutaigediqushenpiwaiziqiyedeyuanze，bingzaigegejibiedexingzhengquhuadanweishelishenpijiguanqiegeiyutamenyudiqujingjifazhanguimoxiangyingdeshenpiquanxian，qieyifalvxingshijiayiguding。zaiguojiaduiwaishangsheliqiyeguidingshenpiyuanzedetiaojianxia
，weilegulizhixiashihejingjifadadiquchengjieguowaixianjinchanyedezhuanyi，zhongyangkeshidanggeiyudiquzhengfuduiyuxiandaixianjinchanyejiaogaodeshenpiquanxian。qici，jinkenengjianhuawaishangtouzishenqingshelixiandaixianjinqiyedeshenpishouxu，zengqiangshenpidetoumingduhetigaoshenpixiaolv。shenpijiguankeshidangjianhuawaizideshenpihelianhenianjianshouxu，shixing“一站式”服務，且在經營期內，企業因投資總額和生產經營規模等發生變化而需減少、增加或轉讓注冊資本，或是將其

　　財產權益對外抵押、轉讓，以及政府商務
、財政、工商行政管理、shuiwudenggebumenduiwaiziqiyeshixinglianhenianjianshi
，yingtigaoxingzhengjiguanshenpihebanlidexiaolvhetoumingdu，jinkenengdijianhuabanlishouxu，jianshaoqiyezhifuxingzhengshenpihenianjiandechengben。zaici，gaibianyiwangwaishangtouziqiyeyinjingyingqixianmanerzhongzhijingyingde“一刀切”banfa，duiyuwaishangzaibenguotouzixiandaixianjinqiye，caiyongleisiyuneiziqiyedezhongzhijingyingdebanfa，kexianyouqiyepinyongqingsuanjigouchujujuyoufalvxiaoyingdeqingsuanbaogao
，zaibaoshenpijiguanshenhe
，shixianneiwaiziqiyezaishenpishouxushangdengtongduidai。

　　disi
，jianquanchanquanbaohuzhidu，jiangdiqiyeshengchanyujingyingzhongdebuquedingxing。weileyouxiaoyindaoguojixianjinchanyeyouxuxiangbenguozhuanyi
，womenjiyaojiadazhishichanquanbaohuzhidudechuangxinlidu
，youyaonulitigaorenlizibenchanquandebaohushuiping。duiyuzhishichanquanbaohuzhidudechuangxin
，yifangmian

，yingnuliwanshanzhishichanquanbaohufalv，zhubufugaidangqianfalvtiaowensuobunenghangaidemangqu，bingyijuxingyehuoshengchanhuanjieduizhishichanquandeminganchengdubutong，shishidizhidingxiangguandezhishichanquanbaohufagui;另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)
，應(ying)增(zeng)強(qiang)知(zhi)識(shi)產(chan)權(quan)的(de)執(zhi)法(fa)力(li)度(du)，加(jia)大(da)對(dui)侵(qin)犯(fan)知(zhi)識(shi)產(chan)權(quan)的(de)懲(cheng)罰(fa)力(li)度(du)，提(ti)高(gao)知(zhi)識(shi)產(chan)權(quan)侵(qin)權(quan)的(de)成(cheng)本(ben)。對(dui)於(yu)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)產(chan)權(quan)保(bao)護(hu)，首(shou)先(xian)應(ying)適(shi)時(shi)地(di)修(xiu)訂(ding)與(yu)完(wan)善(shan)《勞動法》、《合同法》、《公司法》
、《勞動合同法》等相關法律，消除這些法律法規中相互衝突的規則，加強法律之間的相互銜接與協調
；其qi次ci
，通tong過guo加jia大da相xiang關guan法fa律lv法fa規gui的de執zhi行xing力li度du和he拓tuo寬kuan覆fu蓋gai麵mian，確que保bao人ren力li資zi本ben交jiao易yi雙shuang方fang在zai平ping等deng互hu利li的de前qian提ti下xia
，完wan善shan人ren力li資zi本ben產chan權quan的de交jiao易yi程cheng序xu
，減jian少shao人ren力li資zi本ben交jiao易yi的de不bu確que定ding性xing;再(zai)次(ci)，大(da)力(li)發(fa)展(zhan)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)市(shi)場(chang)和(he)建(jian)立(li)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)市(shi)場(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)製(zhi)度(du)，擴(kuo)大(da)資(zi)本(ben)信(xin)息(xi)交(jiao)流(liu)渠(qu)道(dao)，提(ti)高(gao)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)信(xin)息(xi)共(gong)享(xiang)水(shui)平(ping)，降(jiang)低(di)企(qi)業(ye)獲(huo)取(qu)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)的(de)信(xin)息(xi)成(cheng)本(ben)，發(fa)揮(hui)反(fan)映(ying)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)價(jia)值(zhi)的(de)市(shi)場(chang)機(ji)製(zhi)，保(bao)障(zhang)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)產(chan)權(quan)，防(fang)止(zhi)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)產(chan)權(quan)交(jiao)易(yi)“事前”和“事後”的機會主義行為
，提高人力資本的利用效率。（作者 林長華 楊晶晶 單位：北京大學、湖南大學）