在zai國guo際ji金jin融rong危wei機ji蔓man延yan，世shi界jie經jing濟ji形xing勢shi複fu雜za多duo變bian的de環huan境jing下xia，各ge國guo正zheng致zhi力li於yu通tong過guo調tiao整zheng產chan業ye結jie構gou，應ying對dui金jin融rong危wei機ji的de挑tiao戰zhan，恢hui複fu經jing濟ji增zeng長chang的de動dong力li。與yu此ci同tong時shi，中zhong國guo也ye正zheng通tong過guo積ji極ji的de製zhi度du創chuang新xin優you化hua產chan業ye結jie構gou與yu布bu局ju
，擺bai脫tuo金jin融rong危wei機ji的de束shu縛fu
，保bao持chi經jing濟ji持chi續xu
、健康和快速發展。2009年nian中zhong央yang經jing濟ji工gong作zuo會hui議yi特te別bie指zhi出chu要yao從cong製zhi度du安an排pai入ru手shou，因yin勢shi利li導dao引yin導dao國guo際ji產chan業ye有you序xu地di向xiang本ben國guo轉zhuan移yi，亦yi是shi讓rang我wo們men充chong分fen利li用yong金jin融rong危wei機ji引yin致zhi的de全quan球qiu產chan業ye結jie構gou調tiao整zheng和he國guo際ji分fen工gong重zhong組zu的de曆li史shi契qi機ji，吸xi引yin科ke技ji含han量liang和he產chan品pin附fu加jia值zhi高gao的de現xian代dai先xian進jin產chan業ye和he高gao端duan生sheng產chan環huan節jie向xiang本ben國guo轉zhuan移yi
，推tui動dong我wo國guo產chan業ye結jie構gou的de優you化hua與yu升sheng級ji。引yin導dao國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu

　　國guo際ji金jin融rong危wei機ji的de爆bao發fa導dao致zhi了le全quan球qiu經jing濟ji的de衰shuai退tui，促cu使shi世shi界jie各ge國guo設she計ji有you效xiao的de製zhi度du安an排pai調tiao整zheng產chan業ye結jie構gou
，以yi作zuo為wei應ying對dui金jin融rong危wei機ji的de主zhu要yao手shou段duan，這zhe使shi得de金jin融rong危wei機ji有you可ke能neng為wei中zhong國guo引yin導dao和he承cheng接jie國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi創chuang造zao了le一yi次ci難nan得de的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu。

　　一方麵
，金融危機為中國引導國際產業轉移創造了客觀的曆史機遇。從全球維度來看，雖然隨著世界經濟一體化的深入發展
，資本
、jishuhelaodonglidengshengchanyaosuzaishichangjizhidezuoyongxiaquanqiuliudongyuzuhepeizhi，cuicuzheyiguohuodiquneibudechanyexiangjuyoubijiaoyoushidediquzhuanyi
，danshi，youyufadaguojiabifazhanzhongguojiabiaoxianchujiaogaodejingjifazhanshuipinghejiaoqiangdekejililiang，shidetamenzaishijiefengongtixiheliyifenpeigejuzhongzhanjuzhudaodiwei。tamenjiangziyuanxiaohaohehuanjingwuranshuipinggao、jishuhanlianghechanpinfujiazhididechanyexiangfazhanzhongguojiahebufadaguojiazhuanyi，yitengchudiyukongjianfazhankejihanlianghechanpinfujiazhigaodexianjinchanyeheshengchanhuanjie，yiweichizishenzaichanyejiazhiliangaoduandeyoushidiwei。raner，youyuchuyuchanyejiazhiliangaoduandeshengchanhuanjiehexianjinchanyeduoshizibenyujishumijixingdefeiwuzhishengchanhuanjiehechanye，guojijinrongweijidebaofashidejinrongzibenduanlie，daozhifeiwuzhishengchanhuanjiehechanyequefajinrongzibendezhicheng，yiner，jinrongweijiqiangliedichongjilefadaguojianeibubuhelidegangxingchanyejiegou，birancushitamenzhongxinxietiaofeiwuzhishengchanhuanjiehechanyeyushiwushengchanhuanjiehechanyedexiangduibizhong，jiangyibufenchuyuchanyejiazhiliangaoduandeshengchanhuanjiehezibenyujishumijixingdexianjinchanyexianghaiwaizhuanyi，youcikenengxingchengguojichanyezhuanyidexinlangchao。

　　lingyifangmian，jinrongweijiweizhongguoyindaoguojichanyezhuanyichuangzaolezhuguandelishijiyu。gaigekaifangsanshiduoniandelishijingyanbiaoming，zhongguochenggongdezhiduzhuanxingyouxiaodicujinlejingjijiegoudeyouhuahejingjizengchangfangshidezhuanbian，chanshengle“經濟增長奇跡”，極ji大da地di縮suo小xiao了le與yu發fa達da國guo家jia的de經jing濟ji發fa展zhan差cha距ju。即ji使shi國guo際ji金jin融rong危wei機ji席xi卷juan全quan球qiu，致zhi使shi世shi界jie各ge國guo經jing濟ji下xia滑hua
，中zhong國guo雖sui然ran也ye無wu一yi例li外wai地di不bu能neng幸xing免mian
，然ran而er，正zheng當dang世shi界jie各ge國guo致zhi力li於yu尋xun找zhao金jin融rong危wei機ji的de應ying對dui之zhi策ce時shi
，中zhong國guo憑ping借jie對dui外wai開kai放fang三san十shi多duo年nian所suo積ji累lei的de物wu質zhi基ji礎chu和he及ji時shi有you效xiao的de製zhi度du安an排pai，率lv先xian走zou出chu了le金jin融rong危wei機ji的de陰yin霾mai
，使shi得de發fa達da國guo家jia的de跨kua國guo公gong司si在zai麵mian臨lin本ben土tu生sheng產chan與yu經jing營ying環huan境jing惡e化hua時shi，重zhong新xin審shen視shi中zhong國guo的de生sheng產chan成cheng本ben和he交jiao易yi成cheng本ben優you勢shi所suo帶dai來lai的de生sheng產chan和he經jing營ying環huan境jing的de改gai善shan。此ci時shi，中zhong國guo有you可ke能neng依yi靠kao製zhi度du轉zhuan型xing所suo累lei積ji的de經jing驗yan，進jin一yi步bu調tiao整zheng政zheng策ce和he創chuang新xin製zhi度du，創chuang造zao產chan業ye升sheng級ji的de新xin環huan境jing，主zhu動dong引yin導dao和he承cheng接jie國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi
，並bing在zai本ben國guo培pei育yu完wan整zheng的de產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian，優you化hua產chan業ye的de空kong間jian布bu局ju，推tui動dong產chan業ye結jie構gou升sheng級ji。引yin導dao國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi的de製zhi度du創chuang新xin

　　中(zhong)國(guo)作(zuo)為(wei)正(zheng)處(chu)於(yu)工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)進(jin)程(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)世(shi)界(jie)上(shang)最(zui)大(da)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)，要(yao)巧(qiao)借(jie)金(jin)融(rong)危(wei)機(ji)的(de)曆(li)史(shi)機(ji)遇(yu)，加(jia)快(kuai)現(xian)代(dai)工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)進(jin)程(cheng)
，實(shi)現(xian)大(da)國(guo)的(de)經(jing)濟(ji)趕(gan)超(chao)，必(bi)然(ran)需(xu)要(yao)通(tong)過(guo)製(zhi)度(du)創(chuang)新(xin)引(yin)導(dao)國(guo)際(ji)先(xian)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)和(he)產(chan)業(ye)價(jia)值(zhi)鏈(lian)高(gao)端(duan)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)向(xiang)本(ben)國(guo)轉(zhuan)移(yi)來(lai)實(shi)現(xian)。為(wei)此(ci)，我(wo)們(men)有(you)針(zhen)對(dui)性(xing)地(di)提(ti)出(chu)引(yin)導(dao)國(guo)際(ji)先(xian)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)和(he)高(gao)端(duan)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)轉(zhuan)移(yi)的(de)政(zheng)策(ce)調(tiao)整(zheng)和(he)製(zhi)度(du)創(chuang)新(xin)：

　　第di一yi，提ti高gao投tou資zi政zheng策ce的de差cha異yi化hua程cheng度du
，破po除chu無wu形xing的de投tou資zi政zheng策ce壁bi壘lei。為wei了le承cheng接jie國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he高gao端duan生sheng產chan環huan節jie轉zhuan移yi，對dui不bu同tong地di區qu承cheng接jie不bu同tong產chan業ye或huo生sheng產chan環huan節jie的de投tou資zi政zheng策ce應ying盡jin可ke能neng差cha別bie對dui待dai，並bing增zeng強qiang投tou資zi政zheng策ce的de透tou明ming度du
，消xiao除chu政zheng策ce性xing歧qi視shi。一yi方fang麵mian，由you於yu中zhong國guo各ge地di區qu資zi源yuan稟bing賦fu、技ji術shu水shui平ping和he經jing濟ji發fa展zhan水shui平ping存cun在zai差cha異yi，國guo家jia在zai製zhi定ding投tou資zi政zheng策ce時shi，應ying考kao慮lv給gei予yu各ge地di區qu一yi定ding的de自zi主zhu性xing
，采cai取qu國guo家jia製zhi定ding投tou資zi政zheng策ce指zhi導dao原yuan則ze，各ge地di區qu依yi據ju此ci原yuan則ze結jie合he自zi身shen的de經jing濟ji發fa展zhan水shui平ping，差cha異yi化hua地di製zhi定ding鼓gu勵li
、xianzhihejinzhiwaishangtouzichanyedezhengce。lingyifangmian

，difangzhengfuzhuguanbumenyingjiakuaiqingliyujiangditouzibileihetouzizhengcetoumingduyuanzebuxiangshiyingdezhengceguizhang，bingzhubufeichuyixieyucujintouziziyouhuadeguojiguizexiangchongtudefalvfagui
，qiejinyibuwanshancujinbutongdiqugeleichanyetouzixiangshiyingdeziyouhuaguize
，tongshi，haiyingjiaqiangtouziziyouhuazhengcededuiwaixuanchuan，jishiduiwaigongbuguli、限製和禁止外商投資產業信息
，並確保這些信息的國際傳播。

　　第di二er

，調tiao整zheng稅shui收shou政zheng策ce優you惠hui方fang式shi，增zeng強qiang稅shui收shou政zheng策ce的de相xiang對dui有you效xiao性xing。稅shui收shou政zheng策ce反fan映ying了le政zheng府fu對dui企qi業ye與yu個ge人ren收shou益yi的de征zheng稅shui水shui平ping，因yin此ci，稅shui收shou政zheng策ce一yi直zhi是shi作zuo為wei世shi界jie各ge國guo引yin導dao產chan業ye資zi本ben流liu向xiang的de重zhong要yao手shou段duan。為wei了le提ti高gao國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he生sheng產chan環huan節jie的de轉zhuan移yi效xiao率lv，應ying依yi據ju地di區qu特te征zheng和he產chan業ye的de特te性xing
，采cai取qu多duo樣yang化hua的de稅shui收shou政zheng策ce優you惠hui方fang式shi。一yi方fang麵mian，應ying適shi時shi地di依yi據ju地di區qu和he產chan業ye政zheng策ce的de需xu要yao
，協xie調tiao采cai用yong各ge種zhong稅shui收shou政zheng策ce優you惠hui方fang式shi。由you於yu間jian接jie稅shui收shou優you惠hui方fang式shi能neng對dui投tou資zi周zhou期qi長chang

、風險高的資本與技術密集型產業帶來更為實際的政策優惠，因此，應逐步采取以加速折舊、kuisunmibudengjianjieshuishouyouhuifangshiweizhu

，cujinzibenhejishumijixingchanyetouzi。lingyifangmian
，zhengfuyingyijudiyutezhenghechanyetexingzhidingxihuadeshuishouyouhuizhengce，bingzaidiquzhijian、行xing業ye之zhi間jian和he生sheng產chan環huan節jie之zhi間jian體ti現xian稅shui收shou政zheng策ce優you惠hui的de相xiang對dui有you效xiao性xing。對dui於yu技ji術shu密mi集ji型xing的de先xian進jin產chan業ye或huo生sheng產chan環huan節jie，可ke賦fu予yu相xiang對dui於yu其qi他ta產chan業ye或huo生sheng產chan環huan節jie更geng為wei優you厚hou的de稅shui收shou優you惠hui
，同tong時shi
，為wei了le鼓gu勵li落luo後hou地di區qu吸xi引yin產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi
，可ke適shi當dang獲huo得de相xiang對dui於yu經jing濟ji發fa達da地di區qu而er言yan更geng為wei優you厚hou的de稅shui收shou政zheng策ce，以yi提ti高gao稅shui收shou優you惠hui政zheng策ce在zai經jing濟ji落luo後hou地di區qu的de相xiang對dui有you效xiao性xing。

　　第三，創新商業交易製度，減少企業與政府之間的交往成本。為了更好地承接國際先進產業的轉移
，中國應簡化對現代先進企業的創立、變bian更geng與yu退tui出chu生sheng產chan與yu經jing營ying活huo動dong的de授shou權quan與yu彙hui報bao程cheng序xu。首shou先xian，可ke以yi嚐chang試shi由you中zhong央yang部bu委wei出chu台tai各ge地di區qu審shen批pi外wai資zi企qi業ye的de原yuan則ze，並bing在zai各ge個ge級ji別bie的de行xing政zheng區qu劃hua單dan位wei設she立li審shen批pi機ji關guan且qie給gei予yu他ta們men與yu地di區qu經jing濟ji發fa展zhan規gui模mo相xiang應ying的de審shen批pi權quan限xian
，且qie以yi法fa律lv形xing式shi加jia以yi固gu定ding。在zai國guo家jia對dui外wai商shang設she立li企qi業ye規gui定ding審shen批pi原yuan則ze的de條tiao件jian下xia，為wei了le鼓gu勵li直zhi轄xia市shi和he經jing濟ji發fa達da地di區qu承cheng接jie國guo外wai先xian進jin產chan業ye的de轉zhuan移yi
，中zhong央yang可ke適shi當dang給gei予yu地di區qu政zheng府fu對dui於yu現xian代dai先xian進jin產chan業ye較jiao高gao的de審shen批pi權quan限xian。其qi次ci
，盡jin可ke能neng簡jian化hua外wai商shang投tou資zi申shen請qing設she立li現xian代dai先xian進jin企qi業ye的de審shen批pi手shou續xu，增zeng強qiang審shen批pi的de透tou明ming度du和he提ti高gao審shen批pi效xiao率lv。審shen批pi機ji關guan可ke適shi當dang簡jian化hua外wai資zi的de審shen批pi和he聯lian合he年nian檢jian手shou續xu
，實shi行xing“一站式”服務，且在經營期內，企業因投資總額和生產經營規模等發生變化而需減少、增加或轉讓注冊資本，或是將其

　　財產權益對外抵押、轉讓，以及政府商務、財政
、工商行政管理、稅shui務wu等deng各ge部bu門men對dui外wai資zi企qi業ye實shi行xing聯lian合he年nian檢jian時shi
，應ying提ti高gao行xing政zheng機ji關guan審shen批pi和he辦ban理li的de效xiao率lv和he透tou明ming度du
，盡jin可ke能neng地di簡jian化hua辦ban理li手shou續xu

，減jian少shao企qi業ye支zhi付fu行xing政zheng審shen批pi和he年nian檢jian的de成cheng本ben。再zai次ci

，改gai變bian以yi往wang外wai商shang投tou資zi企qi業ye因yin經jing營ying期qi限xian滿man而er終zhong止zhi經jing營ying的de“一刀切”辦ban法fa
，對dui於yu外wai商shang在zai本ben國guo投tou資zi現xian代dai先xian進jin企qi業ye，采cai用yong類lei似si於yu內nei資zi企qi業ye的de終zhong止zhi經jing營ying的de辦ban法fa

，可ke先xian由you企qi業ye聘pin用yong清qing算suan機ji構gou出chu具ju具ju有you法fa律lv效xiao應ying的de清qing算suan報bao告gao，再zai報bao審shen批pi機ji關guan審shen核he
，實shi現xian內nei外wai資zi企qi業ye在zai審shen批pi手shou續xu上shang等deng同tong對dui待dai。

　　第di四si
，健jian全quan產chan權quan保bao護hu製zhi度du
，降jiang低di企qi業ye生sheng產chan與yu經jing營ying中zhong的de不bu確que定ding性xing。為wei了le有you效xiao引yin導dao國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye有you序xu向xiang本ben國guo轉zhuan移yi
，我wo們men既ji要yao加jia大da知zhi識shi產chan權quan保bao護hu製zhi度du的de創chuang新xin力li度du，又you要yao努nu力li提ti高gao人ren力li資zi本ben產chan權quan的de保bao護hu水shui平ping。對dui於yu知zhi識shi產chan權quan保bao護hu製zhi度du的de創chuang新xin，一yi方fang麵mian，應ying努nu力li完wan善shan知zhi識shi產chan權quan保bao護hu法fa律lv
，逐zhu步bu覆fu蓋gai當dang前qian法fa律lv條tiao文wen所suo不bu能neng含han蓋gai的de盲mang區qu
，並bing依yi據ju行xing業ye或huo生sheng產chan環huan節jie對dui知zhi識shi產chan權quan的de敏min感gan程cheng度du不bu同tong，適shi時shi地di製zhi定ding相xiang關guan的de知zhi識shi產chan權quan保bao護hu法fa規gui;另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)
，應(ying)增(zeng)強(qiang)知(zhi)識(shi)產(chan)權(quan)的(de)執(zhi)法(fa)力(li)度(du)，加(jia)大(da)對(dui)侵(qin)犯(fan)知(zhi)識(shi)產(chan)權(quan)的(de)懲(cheng)罰(fa)力(li)度(du)，提(ti)高(gao)知(zhi)識(shi)產(chan)權(quan)侵(qin)權(quan)的(de)成(cheng)本(ben)。對(dui)於(yu)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)產(chan)權(quan)保(bao)護(hu)，首(shou)先(xian)應(ying)適(shi)時(shi)地(di)修(xiu)訂(ding)與(yu)完(wan)善(shan)《勞動法》、《合同法》、《公司法》、《勞動合同法》等相關法律，消除這些法律法規中相互衝突的規則，加強法律之間的相互銜接與協調；qici，tongguojiadaxiangguanfalvfaguidezhixingliduhetuokuanfugaimian
，quebaorenlizibenjiaoyishuangfangzaipingdenghulideqiantixia
，wanshanrenlizibenchanquandejiaoyichengxu，jianshaorenlizibenjiaoyidebuquedingxing;再zai次ci，大da力li發fa展zhan人ren力li資zi本ben市shi場chang和he建jian立li人ren力li資zi本ben市shi場chang交jiao易yi製zhi度du
，擴kuo大da資zi本ben信xin息xi交jiao流liu渠qu道dao
，提ti高gao人ren力li資zi本ben信xin息xi共gong享xiang水shui平ping，降jiang低di企qi業ye獲huo取qu人ren力li資zi本ben的de信xin息xi成cheng本ben，發fa揮hui反fan映ying人ren力li資zi本ben價jia值zhi的de市shi場chang機ji製zhi
，保bao障zhang人ren力li資zi本ben產chan權quan，防fang止zhi人ren力li資zi本ben產chan權quan交jiao易yi“事前”和“事後”的機會主義行為，提高人力資本的利用效率。（作者 林長華 楊晶晶 單位：北京大學、湖南大學）