http://www.kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-10 18:30:08 來源:經濟日報
黨的二十屆四中全會明確提出,加快高水平科技自立自強,引領發展新質生產力。新質生產力,作為由技術革命性突破、生產要素創新性配置、產業深度轉型升級而催生的先進生產力質態,不僅符合新發展理念要求,而且已經在實踐中形成並展示出對高質量發展的強勁推動力、支zhi撐cheng力li。麵mian對dui新xin一yi輪lun科ke技ji革ge命ming和he產chan業ye變bian革ge的de曆li史shi性xing機ji遇yu,唯wei有you牢lao牢lao把ba握wo新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li這zhe一yi關guan鍵jian變bian量liang,才cai能neng從cong根gen本ben上shang增zeng強qiang我wo國guo經jing濟ji發fa展zhan的de內nei生sheng動dong力li,在zai日ri趨qu激ji烈lie的de全quan球qiu競jing爭zheng中zhong重zhong塑su優you勢shi、掌握戰略主動。
強化創新驅動 培育核心動能
kejichuangxinjuedingzhexinzhishengchanlidefazhangaodu,yeyingxiangzhezhongguojingjiweilaizaiquanqiujingzhenggejuzhongdezhanlveweishi。jinguanwoguoyixieguanjianlingyuhexinjishushouzhiyurendejumianhaimeiyouconggenbenshangdedaogaibian,danzhexiejidaitupodekadiandudian,zhengshiwomenweilaifalidezhugongfangxiang,qibeihouyunzangzhegouzhuguojiajingzhengxinyoushidejudaqianlihezhanlvekongjian。
科技創新是發展新質生產力的核心要素。不同於傳統生產力,新質生產力更加注重生產力“質”的變革。新質生產力的新質就在於,它是由革命性、顛覆性新技術所催生,並由此係統集成出新動能、培育出新優勢的一種先進生產力質態,具有高技術、高效能、gaozhiliangtezheng。jiakuaifazhanxinzhishengchanli,youliyushixiangaoshuipingkejiziliziqiang,zengqiangjingjijingzhengli。zhejiuyaoqiumiaozhunkejiqianyan,quanligongjianguanjianhexinjishu,yitupoxingchengguocuishengxindongneng。jianchiyitituijinjiaoyukejirencaifazhan,cujinkejichuangxinyuchanyechuangxinshenduronghe,tishengguojiachuangxintixizhengtixiaoneng,zengqiangzizhuchuangxinnengli,qiangzhanweilaikejizhigaodian。tongshi,fahuikejichuangxindeyinlingzuoyong,quanmianshishi“人工智能+”行動,著力提升全要素生產率,加快新舊動能轉換,推動創新勢能切實轉化為高質量發展動能。
發展新質生產力是高質量發展的內在要求。我國全球創新指數排名已升至第10位,但仍麵臨結構性、體(ti)製(zhi)性(xing)及(ji)周(zhou)期(qi)性(xing)問(wen)題(ti)交(jiao)織(zhi)的(de)挑(tiao)戰(zhan),核(he)心(xin)問(wen)題(ti)在(zai)於(yu)科(ke)技(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)能(neng)力(li)不(bu)足(zu),對(dui)經(jing)濟(ji)社(she)會(hui)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)支(zhi)撐(cheng)作(zuo)用(yong)未(wei)能(neng)充(chong)分(fen)顯(xian)現(xian),高(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)科(ke)技(ji)供(gong)給(gei)仍(reng)顯(xian)欠(qian)缺(que)。新(xin)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)力(li)在(zai)載(zai)體(ti)層(ceng)麵(mian),更(geng)多(duo)體(ti)現(xian)在(zai)高(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)、高效能、高gao價jia值zhi的de新xin產chan業ye上shang。加jia快kuai發fa展zhan新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li,能neng夠gou以yi科ke技ji創chuang新xin引yin領ling高gao質zhi量liang發fa展zhan,增zeng強qiang經jing濟ji創chuang新xin力li。這zhe就jiu要yao深shen入ru實shi施shi創chuang新xin驅qu動dong發fa展zhan戰zhan略lve,促cu進jin創chuang新xin鏈lian和he產chan業ye鏈lian的de無wu縫feng對dui接jie,通tong過guo強qiang鏈lian補bu鏈lian延yan鏈lian提ti升sheng產chan業ye體ti係xi整zheng體ti效xiao能neng。通tong過guo科ke技ji創chuang新xin優you化hua提ti升sheng傳chuan統tong產chan業ye、壯大戰略性新興產業、前瞻布局未來產業,不斷提升技術水平和產業發展質量;優化生產力諸要素的組合配置,推動發展方式綠色轉型,實現經濟效益、社會效益與生態效益的協同提升。
不容忽視的是,科技亦是一把“雙刃劍”,jiqudongfazhan,yeqianzangfengxian,xuyaozaifazhanheanquanzhijianzhaodaopinghengdian,huhangyindizhiyifazhanxinzhishengchanli。weici,xujiakuaiwanshanguojiachuangxintixi,tupoguanjianhexinjishupingjing,zengqiangzizhuchuangxinnengli,youxiaojiangdiwaibuyilai,tishengchanyelianrenxing。jiaqiangduikejifazhanqushi、前沿領域的前瞻研判、動態追蹤,對可能引發的規則衝突、社she會hui風feng險xian與yu倫lun理li挑tiao戰zhan進jin行xing係xi統tong評ping估gu與yu預yu案an建jian設she,構gou建jian科ke技ji安an全quan風feng險xian監jian測ce預yu警jing和he應ying對dui體ti係xi,加jia強qiang科ke技ji基ji礎chu條tiao件jian自zi主zhu保bao障zhang。同tong時shi,積ji極ji參can與yu全quan球qiu科ke技ji治zhi理li,弘hong揚yang科ke技ji向xiang善shan理li念nian,讓rang科ke技ji發fa展zhan造zao福fu各ge國guo和he各ge國guo人ren民min。
完善產業體係 提升發展能級
現代化產業體係是新質生產力的重要載體。我國製造業已形成世界規模最大、門類最齊全、體係最完整、國際競爭力較強的發展優勢,為發展新質生產力提供了配套支撐和豐富的應用場景,但仍存在產業體係大而不強、quanerbujingdewenti。yaojianchibafazhanjingjidezhelidianfangzaishitijingjishang,jiakuaifazhanxinzhishengchanli,goujianyixianjinzhizaoyeweigugandexiandaihuachanyetixi,shizhigengjuyouwanzhengxing、先進性、安全性。
著眼完整性,加快傳統產業轉型升級和提質增效。產業體係完整性表現為產業門類齊全、chanyetixiwanbei,xingchengwanzhengqieyourenxingdechanyelian。chuantongchanyezaiwoguochanyefazhanzhongfahuizhezhongyaozuoyong,jishigoujianxiandaihuachanyetixidejishi,yeshijiakuaifazhanxinzhishengchanlidezhongyaozhelidian。chuantongchanyebudengyuluohouchanye,yunyongxinjishuduiqijinxinggaizaotisheng,shiyindizhiyifazhanxinzhishengchanlidezhongyaolujing。suizhexinyilunkejigeminghechanyebiangeshenrufazhan,chuantongchanyeguangfanyinruxinjishu、新工藝、新材料,持續推出高性能、高質量、dinenghaodechuangxinchanpin。zhebiaoming,fazhanxinzhishengchanliyuchuantongchanyezhuanxingshengjimibukefen,fazhanxinzhishengchanlijuebuyiweizhehushishenzhifangqichuantongchanye,eryingzaibaochizhizaoyehelibizhong、促進服務業擴能提質的基礎上,推動其向高端化、智能化、綠色化轉型。具體而言,要堅持數字賦能,以數字技術、智能技術推進數字產業化和產業數字化,實現傳統產業深度“蝶變”。同時,積極應用新能源與節能環保技術,優化工藝流程,推動傳統產業在優勢領域鍛長板、在薄弱環節補短板,實現降本提質增效。
著zhe眼yan先xian進jin性xing,大da力li發fa展zhan新xin興xing產chan業ye和he未wei來lai產chan業ye。現xian代dai化hua產chan業ye體ti係xi的de先xian進jin性xing主zhu要yao是shi指zhi產chan業ye體ti係xi具ju備bei較jiao強qiang的de技ji術shu創chuang新xin能neng力li,能neng適shi應ying新xin一yi輪lun科ke技ji革ge命ming和he產chan業ye變bian革ge要yao求qiu,產chan業ye發fa展zhan符fu合he智zhi能neng化hua、綠色化、融合化的要求。戰略性新興產業、未來產業是生成和發展新質生產力的重要陣地,是產業體係先進性的重要體現,也是優化經濟結構、改gai變bian競jing爭zheng格ge局ju的de關guan鍵jian力li量liang。世shi界jie強qiang國guo強qiang大da的de競jing爭zheng力li,很hen大da程cheng度du上shang源yuan於yu其qi對dui戰zhan略lve性xing新xin興xing產chan業ye和he未wei來lai產chan業ye的de前qian瞻zhan布bu局ju與yu戰zhan略lve投tou入ru。當dang前qian我wo國guo舊jiu的de生sheng產chan函han數shu組zu合he方fang式shi已yi經jing難nan以yi持chi續xu,必bi須xu加jia速su提ti升sheng產chan業ye體ti係xi的de先xian進jin性xing。著zhe力li打da造zao新xin興xing支zhi柱zhu產chan業ye,實shi施shi產chan業ye創chuang新xin工gong程cheng,加jia快kuai新xin能neng源yuan、新材料、航空航天、低空經濟等戰略性新興產業集群發展,完善產業生態,加快新興產業規模化發展。前瞻布局未來產業,推動量子科技、生物製造、氫能和核聚變能、腦機接口、具身智能、第(di)六(liu)代(dai)移(yi)動(dong)通(tong)信(xin)等(deng)成(cheng)為(wei)新(xin)的(de)經(jing)濟(ji)增(zeng)長(chang)點(dian),建(jian)立(li)未(wei)來(lai)產(chan)業(ye)投(tou)入(ru)增(zeng)長(chang)和(he)風(feng)險(xian)分(fen)擔(dan)機(ji)製(zhi),促(cu)進(jin)中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)專(zhuan)精(jing)特(te)新(xin)發(fa)展(zhan),更(geng)好(hao)推(tui)動(dong)經(jing)濟(ji)可(ke)持(chi)續(xu)發(fa)展(zhan)。
zheyananquanxing,zengqiangchanyelianrenxinghejingzhengli。chanyetixideanquanxing,zhuyaobiaoxianweichanyeliangongyingliananquankekao,chanyeguanjianhexinjishuzizhukekong,gechanyeyouxulianjie,guominjingjixunhuangaoxiaochangtong。zaishijianzhong,yaoqianghuaguanjianhexinjishugongguan,zhububaituowaibuyilai,tishengyingdui“脫鉤斷鏈”衝擊的能力,加快鞏固壯大實體經濟根基,圍繞發展新質生產力布局產業鏈供應鏈,推動短板產業補鏈、優勢產業延鏈、傳統產業升鏈、xinxingchanyejianlian,zengqiangchanyeliangongyinglianrenxingheanquanshuiping。youhuazhongdashengchanlibuju,fahuizhongdianquyuzengchangjizuoyong,tuidongchanyezaibutongdiqujianyouxuzhuanyi,jiansheguojiazhanlvefudiheguanjianchanyebeifen,tigaochanyetixidekangfengxiannengli。
拓展需求空間 打造市場優勢
dangjinshijie,shichangyichengweizuixiquedeziyuan,erwoguoyongyoudechaodaguimoguoneishichang,zhengshiwomencanyuguojijingzhengdeguanjianyoushi。fazhanxinzhishengchanli,libukaijishudeguangfankuosanyushichangdechixutuozhan,weixinjishuxinchanpintuiguangyingyongtigongfengfudeyingyongchangjingheshichangkongjian。lishijingyanbiaoming,juyouchaodaguimoshichangdeguojiahediquwangwangdouyoujiaoqiangdeguojijingzhengli。raneryeyaokandao,dangqianwoguoshichangtixirengbujianquan,“內卷式”競爭與市場分割現象依然存在,製約了整體效能的釋放。麵對外部衝擊與需求波動,必須著力打破壁壘、暢通循環,將“超大規模”的體量優勢升級為“超強規模”的係統優勢,進而轉化為實實在在的國家競爭優勢。
建設全國統一大市場是促進新質生產力生成的基礎支撐,有助於推動各類生產要素在更大範圍內順暢流動、高效組合,為發展新質生產力夯實要素基礎。作為全球最具增長潛力的市場,我國必須持續完善產權保護、市場準入、公平競爭、社she會hui信xin用yong等deng市shi場chang經jing濟ji基ji礎chu製zhi度du,建jian設she高gao標biao準zhun市shi場chang體ti係xi。關guan鍵jian要yao著zhe力li破po除chu市shi場chang壁bi壘lei,打da破po地di區qu分fen割ge與yu各ge種zhong形xing式shi的de地di方fang保bao護hu,充chong分fen激ji發fa市shi場chang內nei生sheng動dong力li。通tong過guo建jian設she全quan國guo統tong一yi大da市shi場chang,引yin導dao先xian進jin優you質zhi生sheng產chan要yao素su向xiang新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li領ling域yu順shun暢chang彙hui聚ju,實shi現xian跨kua產chan業ye、跨區域一體融合發展,進而推動生產、分配、流通、消費各環節在全國範圍內高效協同,提升資源配置的整體效能。同時,堅持擴大內需這個戰略基點,堅持惠民生和促消費、投資於物和投資於人緊密結合,以新需求引領新供給,以新供給創造新需求,促進消費和投資、供(gong)給(gei)和(he)需(xu)求(qiu)良(liang)性(xing)互(hu)動(dong),增(zeng)強(qiang)國(guo)內(nei)大(da)循(xun)環(huan)內(nei)生(sheng)動(dong)力(li)和(he)可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)。大(da)力(li)提(ti)振(zhen)消(xiao)費(fei),落(luo)實(shi)大(da)規(gui)模(mo)設(she)備(bei)更(geng)新(xin)和(he)消(xiao)費(fei)品(pin)以(yi)舊(jiu)換(huan)新(xin)相(xiang)關(guan)政(zheng)策(ce),把(ba)我(wo)國(guo)超(chao)大(da)規(gui)模(mo)市(shi)場(chang)需(xu)求(qiu)和(he)應(ying)用(yong)場(chang)景(jing)豐(feng)富(fu)的(de)市(shi)場(chang)優(you)勢(shi)轉(zhuan)化(hua)為(wei)推(tui)動(dong)新(xin)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)力(li)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)強(qiang)大(da)內(nei)生(sheng)動(dong)力(li)。
市shi場chang分fen割ge與yu地di方fang保bao護hu是shi建jian設she全quan國guo統tong一yi大da市shi場chang的de主zhu要yao障zhang礙ai,也ye是shi製zhi約yue新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li發fa展zhan和he要yao素su自zi由you流liu動dong的de深shen層ceng次ci瓶ping頸jing。發fa展zhan新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li,要yao求qiu堅jian持chi全quan國guo一yi盤pan棋qi,打da通tong製zhi約yue要yao素su暢chang通tong流liu動dong的de卡ka點dian堵du點dian,實shi現xian資zi源yuan高gao效xiao組zu合he和he協xie同tong創chuang新xin。為wei此ci,要yao堅jian持chi有you效xiao市shi場chang和he有you為wei政zheng府fu相xiang結jie合he,統tong一yi政zheng府fu行xing為wei尺chi度du,自zi覺jiao破po除chu封feng閉bi小xiao市shi場chang、自我小循環,打造統一的要素和資源市場,整治“內卷式”競jing爭zheng。同tong時shi,應ying強qiang化hua法fa治zhi引yin領ling與yu保bao障zhang作zuo用yong,運yun用yong法fa律lv手shou段duan規gui範fan市shi場chang競jing爭zheng,強qiang化hua製zhi度du統tong一yi與yu監jian管guan協xie調tiao,加jia快kuai清qing理li廢fei除chu妨fang礙ai全quan國guo統tong一yi市shi場chang和he公gong平ping競jing爭zheng的de各ge種zhong規gui定ding和he做zuo法fa,全quan麵mian落luo實shi“全國一張清單”管理模式,加快建立全國統一的市場製度規則,為經營主體營造公平透明的競爭環境。
xinzhishengchanliyijishuchuangxinweizhongyaoyinqing,yishichangxuqiuweiguanjianqianyin。jiakuaixinzhishengchanlifazhan,bujinnengmanzuxiaofeishengjixuqiu,gengnengtongguodianfuxingjishuhechuangxinchanpinchuangzaoxuqiu,tuidonggongxushuangfangdediedaishengjiyuxianghucujin,shixiangaoshuipingdongtaipingheng。yaofahuiwoguochaodaguimoshichangyoushi,tuidongshichangyou“超大”走向“超強”,關鍵在於健全要素市場體係,規範競爭秩序,完善要素配置機製,營造更加公平、更具活力的市場環境。統籌地區間的競爭與合作關係,增強政策協同,促進創新資源跨區域共享融通,形成良性互動、優勢互補、hezuogongyingdequyuxietongchuangxingeju。kuodagaoshuipingduiwaikaifang,liyongguoneiguojishichangdexietongzuoyongheguimojingjixiaoying,datongguoneiwaigaoduanyaosushichang,zengqiangduiquanqiuyouzhiziyuandejijunengli,dazaoxiyinguojichuangxinyaosude“引力場”。
夯實綠色家底 厚植生態根基
綠色發展是高質量發展的底色,新質生產力本身就是綠色生產力。新質生產力代表著更具創新性、可持續性與競爭力的發展方向,是推動生態文明建設的重要動能。新質生產力的“質優”很(hen)大(da)程(cheng)度(du)就(jiu)體(ti)現(xian)在(zai)綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)上(shang)。綠(lv)水(shui)青(qing)山(shan)蘊(yun)含(han)著(zhe)無(wu)窮(qiong)的(de)經(jing)濟(ji)價(jia)值(zhi),能(neng)源(yuan)源(yuan)不(bu)斷(duan)創(chuang)造(zao)綜(zong)合(he)效(xiao)益(yi),支(zhi)撐(cheng)經(jing)濟(ji)社(she)會(hui)可(ke)持(chi)續(xu)發(fa)展(zhan)。當(dang)前(qian),盡(jin)管(guan)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)任(ren)務(wu)艱(jian)巨(ju),但(dan)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)也(ye)在(zai)持(chi)續(xu)改(gai)善(shan),不(bu)斷(duan)孕(yun)育(yu)著(zhe)新(xin)的(de)競(jing)爭(zheng)優(you)勢(shi)。這(zhe)有(you)助(zhu)於(yu)推(tui)動(dong)低(di)碳(tan)、生態、循環經濟蓬勃發展,加速形成綠色生產與生活方式,不斷夯實高質量發展的“綠色家底”。
xinzhishengchanlibenzhishangshixianjinshengchanlizhitai,bujinyaoqiuzhonggoushengchanlifazhanluoji,gengqiangtiaorenyuziranhexiegongsheng。jianchiyichuangxinqudonglvsebiange,tongguokejifunengtuidongshengchanyaosudelvsezhuanxingyugaoxiaopeizhi,jinerjianglvsejishu、xianjinchanyeyuditanshenghuofangshiquanmianrongrushengtaiwenmingjianshe,zhizaitupoziyuanhuanjingyueshu,kaipikechixufazhanxinlujing。zaishijianzhong,yaoquanmiantishenglvsekejichuangxinnengli,zuzhikaizhanlvsekejigongguan,jiaqiangshuzijishuyulvsejishuderonghe,jiakuaichanyelvsezhuanxingshengji,dazaogaoxiaoshengtailvsechanyejiqun。jiakuaigoujianlvseditanxunhuanfazhanjingjitixi,zhuangdalvsechanyehelvsejingjiguimo,xianzhujiangdiquanliantiaonenghaowuhao,xingchengkejihanlianggao、資源消耗少、環境汙染小的產業結構。
新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li區qu別bie於yu傳chuan統tong生sheng產chan力li的de一yi個ge重zhong要yao方fang麵mian,就jiu是shi將jiang生sheng態tai環huan境jing等deng要yao素su納na入ru生sheng產chan函han數shu,加jia強qiang綠lv色se科ke技ji創chuang新xin,提ti高gao資zi源yuan利li用yong效xiao率lv。加jia快kuai發fa展zhan新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li,就jiu要yao牢lao固gu樹shu立li和he踐jian行xing綠lv水shui青qing山shan就jiu是shi金jin山shan銀yin山shan的de理li念nian,堅jian定ding不bu移yi走zou生sheng態tai優you先xian、綠色發展之路,站在人與自然和諧共生的高度謀劃發展。以碳達峰碳中和為牽引,協同推進降碳、減汙、擴綠、增長,構建清潔低碳安全高效的能源體係,加快綠色低碳技術應用,推動形成節約資源和保護環境的空間格局、產業結構、生產方式、生活方式,以生態“含綠量”提升發展“含金量”。
生sheng態tai安an全quan是shi國guo家jia安an全quan的de重zhong要yao基ji石shi。作zuo為wei綠lv色se生sheng產chan力li,新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li發fa展zhan與yu生sheng態tai安an全quan緊jin密mi相xiang連lian。必bi須xu堅jian持chi以yi總zong體ti國guo家jia安an全quan觀guan為wei指zhi導dao,從cong保bao障zhang國guo家jia生sheng態tai安an全quan、實現中華民族永續發展的高度出發,全麵提升生態係統多樣性、wendingxinghechixuxing。yaozhashituijinshengtaibaohuxiufu,qianghuajianguanxiaoneng,jiakuaijiansheguojiashengtaianquanpingzhang,weizisunhoudailiuxiashanqingshuixiudeshengtaikongjian。chixutuijinwuranfangzhigongjianheshengtaixitongyouhua,jijiyouxiaoyingduigezhongshengtaihuanjingfengxiantiaozhan,bashengtaihuanjingfengxiannaruchangtaihuaguanli,xitonggoujianquanguocheng、多層級生態環境風險防範體係。同時,完善國家生態安全工作協調機製,增強風險研判、監測預警、應急響應與處置能力,實現新質生產力發展與生態安全保障的良性互促。