http://kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-09 03:19:32 來源:人事教育司
各(ge)省(sheng),自(zi)治(zhi)區(qu),直(zhi)轄(xia)市(shi)及(ji)計(ji)劃(hua)單(dan)列(lie)市(shi),新(xin)疆(jiang)生(sheng)產(chan)建(jian)設(she)兵(bing)團(tuan)工(gong)業(ye)和(he)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)主(zhu)管(guan)部(bu)門(men),各(ge)省(sheng),自(zi)治(zhi)區(qu),直(zhi)轄(xia)市(shi)通(tong)信(xin)管(guan)理(li)局(ju),部(bu)屬(shu)各(ge)單(dan)位(wei),部(bu)屬(shu)各(ge)高(gao)校(xiao),部(bu)機(ji)關(guan)各(ge)司(si)局(ju):
人才是製造強國和網絡強國建設的根本。為深入貫徹中央人才工作會議精神,《國家“十四五”期間人才發展規劃》等文件要求,切實為工業和信息化高質量發展提供有力人才保障,製定本實施意見。
一、建設目標
堅(jian)持(chi)以(yi)習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)新(xin)時(shi)代(dai)中(zhong)國(guo)特(te)色(se)社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)思(si)想(xiang)為(wei)指(zhi)導(dao),全(quan)麵(mian)貫(guan)徹(che)習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)總(zong)書(shu)記(ji)關(guan)於(yu)做(zuo)好(hao)新(xin)時(shi)代(dai)人(ren)才(cai)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)思(si)想(xiang),堅(jian)持(chi)黨(dang)管(guan)人(ren)才(cai),高(gao)端(duan)引(yin)領(ling),產(chan)才(cai)融(rong)合(he),改(gai)革(ge)創(chuang)新(xin),以(yi)鍛(duan)造(zao)重(zhong)點(dian)人(ren)才(cai)隊(dui)伍(wu)為(wei)主(zhu)攻(gong)方(fang)向(xiang),以(yi)實(shi)施(shi)重(zhong)大(da)人(ren)才(cai)項(xiang)目(mu)計(ji)劃(hua)為(wei)抓(zhua)手(shou),全(quan)方(fang)位(wei)培(pei)養(yang),引(yin)進(jin)和(he)用(yong)好(hao)人(ren)才(cai),支(zhi)撐(cheng)和(he)引(yin)領(ling)工(gong)業(ye)和(he)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)高(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)展(zhan)。
二、加強重點人才隊伍建設
(一)建設戰略科學家梯隊
立(li)足(zu)工(gong)業(ye)和(he)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)重(zhong)點(dian)領(ling)域(yu),堅(jian)持(chi)實(shi)踐(jian)標(biao)準(zhun),從(cong)國(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)大(da)項(xiang)目(mu)擔(dan)綱(gang)領(ling)銜(xian)專(zhuan)家(jia)中(zhong)推(tui)薦(jian)一(yi)批(pi)戰(zhan)略(lve)科(ke)學(xue)家(jia)人(ren)選(xuan)。堅(jian)持(chi)長(chang)遠(yuan)眼(yan)光(guang),有(you)意(yi)識(shi)地(di)發(fa)現(xian)和(he)培(pei)養(yang)更(geng)多(duo)工(gong)業(ye)和(he)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)領(ling)域(yu)具(ju)有(you)戰(zhan)略(lve)科(ke)學(xue)家(jia)潛(qian)質(zhi)的(de)高(gao)層(ceng)次(ci)複(fu)合(he)型(xing)人(ren)才(cai)。
(二)支持一流科技領軍人才和創新團隊加快成長
mianxianggongyehexinxihuazhanlvejixulingyu,linxuanzhichiyipikejilingjunrencaihechuangxintuandui,zaiyixianshijianzhongpeiyangzaojiurencai。fahuikejilingjunqiye,bushugaoxiao,bushukeyanyuansuodengzuoyong,zuzhichanxueyanxietonggongguan,zairencaitiduipeitao,keyantiaojianpeitao,guanlijizhipeitaofangmiangeiyuteshuzhengce,jiakuaiguanjianhexinjishutupo。
(三)培育青年科技人才後備力量
yindaohezhichizhengchanxueyandenggefangliliang,zhelipeiyangyizhizhengzhisuzhigao,chuangxinhuoliqiangdeqingniankejirencaiduiwu。zuzhishishigongxinqingniankejifuwutuanxiangmu,yindaoyouxiuqingniankejirencaixiangzhongdianqiyeliudong。jianlijianquanyixinrenweijichudeqingniankejirencaizhichijizhi,zaizhongdaxiangmuziyuanfenpeidengfangmianyuyiqingxiexingzhichi,zhichiqingniankejirencaitiaodaliang,dangzhujiao。wanshanqingniankejirencaipingjiatixi,jiaqianghegaijinbuxitonggaojizhichengpingshengongzuo,tigao40周歲以下青年入選比例。提高部係統博士後流動(工作)站(zhan)建(jian)設(she)質(zhi)量(liang)。引(yin)導(dao)和(he)支(zhi)持(chi)用(yong)人(ren)單(dan)位(wei)在(zai)薪(xin)酬(chou)待(dai)遇(yu),住(zhu)房(fang),子(zi)女(nv)入(ru)學(xue)等(deng)方(fang)麵(mian)加(jia)大(da)支(zhi)持(chi)力(li)度(du),解(jie)決(jue)青(qing)年(nian)科(ke)技(ji)人(ren)才(cai)的(de)後(hou)顧(gu)之(zhi)憂(you),讓(rang)他(ta)們(men)安(an)身(shen),安(an)心(xin),安(an)業(ye)。

(四)壯大高素質技術技能人才隊伍
培(pei)養(yang)大(da)批(pi)卓(zhuo)越(yue)工(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)。組(zu)織(zhi)實(shi)施(shi)卓(zhuo)越(yue)工(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)薪(xin)火(huo)計(ji)劃(hua),在(zai)工(gong)業(ye)和(he)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)領(ling)域(yu)著(zhe)力(li)建(jian)設(she)一(yi)支(zhi)愛(ai)黨(dang)報(bao)國(guo),敬(jing)業(ye)奉(feng)獻(xian),具(ju)有(you)突(tu)出(chu)技(ji)術(shu)創(chuang)新(xin)能(neng)力(li),善(shan)於(yu)解(jie)決(jue)複(fu)雜(za)工(gong)程(cheng)問(wen)題(ti)的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)隊(dui)伍(wu)。支(zhi)持(chi)有(you)條(tiao)件(jian)的(de)省(sheng)(區,市)結合自身產業特色,建立健全卓越工程師評價體係。

wanshangaosuzhijishujinengrencaipeiyangbiaozhun。chongfenfahuiquanguogongyehexinxihuazhiyejiaoyujiaoxuezhidaoweiyuanhuizuoyong,kaizhanzhongdianlingyurencaixuqiuyuce,jiaqiangzhuanyebiaozhunjianshe,tuidongzhiyeyuanxiao“三教改革”。鼓勵開發工業和信息化領域新職業的國家職業技術技能標準,推動技術技能人才培養標準體係建設。
jiadagaosuzhijishujinengrencaipeiyanglidu。mianxianggongyehexinxihuazhongdianlingyu,kaizhandaguimozhiyejinengpeixun。jianhaoyonghaogongyehexinxihuajishujinengrencaiwangshangxuexipingtai,dalikaizhanxianshangpeixun,linxuantuiguangyipiyouzhipeixunkecheng,yindaozhichiqiyehepeixunjigouzuohaolaodongzhejinengtishenggongzuo。shenrushishizhuanyejishurencaizhishigengxingongcheng,peiyuzhuangdashuzijishugongchengshiduiwu。shenrukaizhanchanjiaoduihualiandonghuodong,lianheshishixianchanggongchengshizhuanxiangpeiyangjihua。
健全高素質技術技能人才選拔方式。加強和改進全國計算機技術與軟件專業技術資格(水平)kaoshi,quanguotongxinzhuanyejishurenyuanzhiyeshuipingkaoshigongzuo。jiansheyiquanguogongyehexinxihuajishujinengdasaiweilongtou,xingyetesejishujinengjingsaiweizhuti,qiyeneibujishubiwuweijichudesaishitixi。anzhizezuohaoxiangguanlingyudezhiyejinengdengjirendingdejianduguanligongzuo。
(五)加強企業經營管理人才隊伍建設
jiadaqiyejingyingguanlirencaipeiyanglidu。jixushishiqiyejingyingguanlirencaisuzhitishenggongcheng,shenrutuijinzhongxiaoqiyejingyingguanlilingjunrencaipeixunxiangmu,zhichipeixunziyuanxiangchanyelian“鏈主”企業,製造業單項冠軍企業,專精特新“小巨人”企業,專精特新中小企業等優質企業傾斜。通過“企業微課”,慕課等線上形式,研修班,特訓營等線下形式,建立線上線下相結合,長期短期相銜接的培養模式。
cujinqiyejingyingguanlirencaijiaoliuhezuo。chongfenfahuizhengfubumen,xingyezuzhi,zhuanyefuwujigoudengzuoyong,tongguoluntan,zhanhui,zuotanhuidengduozhongxingshi,cujinchanyelianshangzhongxiayou,dazhongxiaoqiyejingyingguanlirencaijiandejiaoliuhezuo,huxuehujian。dalihongyangyouxiuqiyejiajingshen,xuanshuhexuanchuanyipiyouxiuqiyejiadianxing,tuidongxingchengzunzhongqiyejiajiazhi,guliqiyejiachuangxin,fahuiqiyejiazuoyongdeyulunfenwei。

著(zhe)眼(yan)提(ti)高(gao)產(chan)業(ye)基(ji)礎(chu)能(neng)力(li),組(zu)織(zhi)實(shi)施(shi)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)人(ren)才(cai)支(zhi)持(chi)計(ji)劃(hua),選(xuan)拔(ba)和(he)支(zhi)持(chi)一(yi)批(pi)高(gao)水(shui)平(ping)管(guan)理(li),技(ji)術(shu),技(ji)能(neng)人(ren)才(cai),著(zhe)力(li)解(jie)決(jue)企(qi)業(ye)留(liu)才(cai)難(nan),引(yin)才(cai)難(nan)和(he)育(yu)才(cai)能(neng)力(li)不(bu)強(qiang)的(de)問(wen)題(ti),提(ti)高(gao)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)人(ren)才(cai)集(ji)聚(ju)能(neng)力(li)。

三、提高部屬高校人才培養能力
強(qiang)化(hua)學(xue)科(ke)建(jian)設(she)。指(zhi)導(dao)部(bu)屬(shu)高(gao)校(xiao)落(luo)實(shi)學(xue)科(ke)建(jian)設(she)規(gui)劃(hua),形(xing)成(cheng)製(zhi)造(zao)強(qiang)國(guo)和(he)網(wang)絡(luo)強(qiang)國(guo)主(zhu)幹(gan)學(xue)科(ke)專(zhuan)業(ye)交(jiao)叉(cha)融(rong)合(he),協(xie)同(tong)創(chuang)新(xin)的(de)良(liang)好(hao)學(xue)科(ke)生(sheng)態(tai)。優(you)化(hua)基(ji)礎(chu)學(xue)科(ke)資(zi)源(yuan)配(pei)置(zhi),提(ti)升(sheng)基(ji)礎(chu)學(xue)科(ke)建(jian)設(she)條(tiao)件(jian)和(he)發(fa)展(zhan)環(huan)境(jing)。支(zhi)持(chi)建(jian)設(she)一(yi)批(pi)能(neng)夠(gou)承(cheng)載(zai)高(gao)水(shui)平(ping)人(ren)才(cai)的(de)學(xue)科(ke)交(jiao)叉(cha)發(fa)展(zhan)平(ping)台(tai)。
shenhuarencaipeiyangchanjiaoronghe。zhichibushugaoxiaoyouhuashishiqiangjijihuahejichuxuekebajianxueshengpeiyangjihua,jiaqiangjichuheguanjianlingyurencaipeiyang。jiansheyipiyouyingxianglidejingpinkechenghejiaocai。chuangxinzhuoyuegongchengshipeiyangmoshi,xingchengyipizhuoyuegongchengshipeiyangpingtai,linxuanyipixiaoqixietongyurenshifanjidi。zhichijianhaoweilaijishuxueyuan,chuangxinchuangyexueyuandengchanjiaorongherencaipeiyangxinpingtai,tansuojiansheruoganrencaipeiyangtequheshiyanqu。jiaqiangchuangxinchuangyepingtaijianshe,dazaoyipigaoshuipingchuangyechuangxinshifanjidi。tuidongsheliyipigaoshuipingguojilianhepeiyangbanxuejigouhexiangmu,yingzaoguojihuayurenhuanjing。
四、強化集聚創新人才的特色載體建設
對(dui)接(jie)高(gao)水(shui)平(ping)人(ren)才(cai)高(gao)地(di)建(jian)設(she),以(yi)產(chan)業(ye)集(ji)聚(ju)區(qu),企(qi)業(ye),部(bu)屬(shu)高(gao)校(xiao),共(gong)性(xing)技(ji)術(shu)平(ping)台(tai),項(xiang)目(mu)等(deng)為(wei)抓(zhua)手(shou),打(da)造(zao)一(yi)批(pi)行(xing)業(ye)特(te)色(se)鮮(xian)明(ming),集(ji)聚(ju)創(chuang)新(xin)人(ren)才(cai)的(de)載(zai)體(ti)平(ping)台(tai)。
yindaohezhichiguojiaxianjinzhizaoyejiqun,guojiaxinxinggongyehuachanyeshifanjidi,guojiaxiaoxingweixingqiyechuangyechuangxinshifanjididengchanyejijuquyingzaojuyouguojijingzhengliderencaifazhanhuanjing,yituoguojiazhongdaxiangmu,zhongdiangongcheng,tishengjijuxiyinyouxiurencaideshifanxiaoying。zhichibushugaoxiaoshenhuayudifangtesechanye,zhongdianqiyekaizhanchanxueyanhezuo。qianghuaguojiazhizaoyechuangxinzhongxin,buzhongdianshiyanshidenggongxingjishupingtaiduichuangxinrencaidezhichengyinlingzuoyong。yizhongdagongchengxiangmuweizaiti,tongguozhichichengdanzhongdarenwupeiyanghezaojiuyipiyiliukejichuangxinrencai。
進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)突(tu)出(chu)企(qi)業(ye)承(cheng)載(zai)科(ke)技(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)人(ren)才(cai)主(zhu)體(ti)地(di)位(wei),推(tui)動(dong)應(ying)用(yong)研(yan)究(jiu),技(ji)術(shu)開(kai)發(fa)項(xiang)目(mu)和(he)人(ren)才(cai)項(xiang)目(mu)更(geng)多(duo)由(you)企(qi)業(ye)承(cheng)擔(dan)。加(jia)快(kuai)構(gou)建(jian)龍(long)頭(tou)企(qi)業(ye)牽(qian)頭(tou),高(gao)校(xiao),科(ke)研(yan)院(yuan)所(suo)支(zhi)持(chi),各(ge)方(fang)麵(mian)協(xie)同(tong)配(pei)合(he)的(de)創(chuang)新(xin)聯(lian)合(he)體(ti),組(zu)織(zhi)創(chuang)新(xin)團(tuan)隊(dui)開(kai)展(zhan)跨(kua)學(xue)科(ke),跨(kua)領(ling)域(yu)產(chan)學(xue)研(yan)協(xie)同(tong)攻(gong)關(guan)。麵(mian)向(xiang)優(you)質(zhi)企(qi)業(ye),高(gao)校(xiao),科(ke)研(yan)院(yuan)所(suo)等(deng),支(zhi)持(chi)建(jian)設(she)一(yi)批(pi)產(chan)業(ye)人(ren)才(cai)基(ji)地(di),培(pei)養(yang)集(ji)聚(ju)更(geng)多(duo)高(gao)素(su)質(zhi)人(ren)才(cai)。鼓(gu)勵(li)企(qi)業(ye)足(zu)額(e)提(ti)取(qu)職(zhi)工(gong)教(jiao)育(yu)經(jing)費(fei),用(yong)於(yu)技(ji)術(shu),技(ji)能(neng)人(ren)才(cai)的(de)教(jiao)育(yu)培(pei)訓(xun)。
五、深化人才發展體製機製改革
(一)創新人才評價機製
堅持“破四唯”與“立新標”並舉,加快推進以創新價值,能力,貢獻為導向的人才評價體係建設。落實“唯帽子”問題專項治理,推動人才稱號,學術頭銜回歸學術性,榮譽性本質。突出“高精尖缺”,youhuaxiangguanrencaixiangmupingshenbiaozhun。luoshiheshenhuazhuanyejishurencaizhichengzhidugaige,zhichiyongrendanweidatonggaojinengrencaiyuzhuanyejishurencaizhiyefazhantongdao。tuijinbuxitongzhichengzhidugaige,zuohaozhichengpingshenquanxianxiafangshidianpinggugongzuo。zhidaobushuyouguandanweijibushugaoxiaokaizhankejirencaipingjiagaigeshidiangongzuo。zhichizhuanyejigou,xingyezuzhi,shiyedanweidengkaizhanshichanghua,shehuihuapingjia,youxuchengjiezhengfuzhuanyiderencaipingjiazhineng。
(二)改進人才使用機製
加快推動形成以信任為基礎的人才使用機製。完善和落實項目立項“揭榜掛帥”“賽馬”等機製,最大限度發揮各類人才創新積極性和主動性。繼續為科研人才減負鬆綁,推行“無會日”,保證教學和科研人員參與非學術事務性活動每周不超過一天。推廣科研助理製度,減輕科研人員填表,報銷等事務性負擔。
(三)健全人才激勵機製
強(qiang)化(hua)對(dui)人(ren)才(cai)的(de)政(zheng)治(zhi)引(yin)領(ling)和(he)精(jing)神(shen)激(ji)勵(li),吸(xi)引(yin)更(geng)多(duo)優(you)秀(xiu)人(ren)才(cai)投(tou)身(shen)工(gong)業(ye)和(he)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)事(shi)業(ye)。落(luo)實(shi)黨(dang)委(wei)聯(lian)係(xi)服(fu)務(wu)專(zhuan)家(jia)製(zhi)度(du),開(kai)展(zhan)形(xing)式(shi)多(duo)樣(yang)的(de)人(ren)才(cai)服(fu)務(wu)基(ji)層(ceng)活(huo)動(dong)。大(da)力(li)弘(hong)揚(yang)科(ke)學(xue)家(jia)精(jing)神(shen),工(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)文(wen)化(hua)和(he)工(gong)匠(jiang)精(jing)神(shen),宣(xuan)傳(chuan)一(yi)批(pi)工(gong)業(ye)和(he)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)領(ling)域(yu)優(you)秀(xiu)人(ren)才(cai)典(dian)型(xing)。常(chang)態(tai)化(hua)開(kai)展(zhan)“弘揚愛國奮鬥精神,建功立業新時代”huodong。bushukeyanyuansuo,bushugaoxiaoduichengdanguojiazhongdarenwu,chengxiaotuchudekejirenyuanhetuanduizaijixiaogongzifenpei,zhichengpingding,jinzhijinji,biaozhangjianglidengfangmiangeiyuqingxie。
(四)優化人才流動機製
對dui接jie服fu務wu國guo家jia重zhong大da區qu域yu戰zhan略lve,支zhi持chi重zhong點dian人ren才cai計ji劃hua向xiang東dong北bei地di區qu,中zhong西xi部bu地di區qu傾qing斜xie,引yin導dao激ji勵li人ren才cai向xiang艱jian苦ku邊bian遠yuan地di區qu和he基ji層ceng一yi線xian流liu動dong。引yin導dao人ren才cai計ji劃hua入ru選xuan者zhe合he理li有you序xu流liu動dong,避bi免mian比bi拚pin待dai遇yu“哄搶”人才等亂象。支持各地製定出台精準有效的人才支持政策,引導和吸引優秀人才向本地區重點產業集聚區流動。
六、加強組織保障
(一)健全人才工作組織體係
加強對工業和信息化人才工作的組織領導,統籌協調,整體推進和督促落實。黨委(黨組)主(zhu)要(yao)負(fu)責(ze)同(tong)誌(zhi)要(yao)親(qin)自(zi)抓(zhua),分(fen)管(guan)負(fu)責(ze)同(tong)誌(zhi)要(yao)明(ming)確(que)責(ze)任(ren)具(ju)體(ti)抓(zhua),組(zu)織(zhi)人(ren)事(shi)部(bu)門(men)切(qie)實(shi)履(lv)行(xing)抓(zhua)政(zheng)策(ce),抓(zhua)項(xiang)目(mu),抓(zhua)協(xie)調(tiao),抓(zhua)服(fu)務(wu)的(de)職(zhi)責(ze)。各(ge)地(di)工(gong)業(ye)和(he)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)主(zhu)管(guan)部(bu)門(men),通(tong)信(xin)管(guan)理(li)局(ju)要(yao)結(jie)合(he)本(ben)地(di)產(chan)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)實(shi)際(ji),加(jia)強(qiang)與(yu)黨(dang)委(wei)組(zu)織(zhi)部(bu),教(jiao)育(yu),人(ren)社(she)等(deng)部(bu)門(men)協(xie)同(tong)聯(lian)動(dong),強(qiang)化(hua)人(ren)才(cai)工(gong)作(zuo)謀(mou)劃(hua),及(ji)時(shi)協(xie)調(tiao)解(jie)決(jue)人(ren)才(cai)工(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)的(de)重(zhong)大(da)問(wen)題(ti)。部(bu)屬(shu)各(ge)高(gao)校(xiao)要(yao)深(shen)入(ru)推(tui)進(jin)“雙一流”jianshe,chixudazaogaoshuipingrencaipeiyangtixi。bushugeqishiyedanweiyaolizuzishenyoushi,jinyibujiaqiangbendanweirencaiduiwujianshe,jiadayoushilingyuzhongyaorencaiwentideyanjiulidu,genghaozhichengzhongdiangongzuo,fuwuxingyefazhan,tishenghexinjingzhengli。bujiguangesijuyaolvxing“一手抓產業,一手抓人才”的職責,做到產業和人才政策協同發力。支持有條件的單位配強行業人才工作力量,完善工作運行機製。
(二)夯實人才工作基礎
健(jian)全(quan)人(ren)才(cai)工(gong)作(zuo)政(zheng)策(ce)研(yan)究(jiu)體(ti)係(xi),支(zhi)持(chi)行(xing)業(ye)特(te)色(se)人(ren)才(cai)智(zhi)庫(ku)建(jian)設(she),增(zeng)強(qiang)人(ren)才(cai)工(gong)作(zuo)前(qian)瞻(zhan)性(xing),係(xi)統(tong)性(xing)。持(chi)續(xu)開(kai)展(zhan)重(zhong)點(dian)領(ling)域(yu)產(chan)業(ye)人(ren)才(cai)需(xu)求(qiu)預(yu)測(ce)工(gong)作(zuo),為(wei)科(ke)學(xue)製(zhi)定(ding)人(ren)才(cai)政(zheng)策(ce)提(ti)供(gong)重(zhong)要(yao)參(can)考(kao)。定(ding)期(qi)開(kai)展(zhan)部(bu)係(xi)統(tong)人(ren)才(cai)統(tong)計(ji)工(gong)作(zuo)。建(jian)設(she)完(wan)善(shan)工(gong)業(ye)和(he)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)專(zhuan)家(jia)信(xin)息(xi)管(guan)理(li)服(fu)務(wu)平(ping)台(tai),彙(hui)聚(ju)來(lai)自(zi)企(qi)業(ye),高(gao)校(xiao),科(ke)研(yan)院(yuan)所(suo)等(deng)各(ge)方(fang)的(de)優(you)秀(xiu)專(zhuan)家(jia),為(wei)高(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)開(kai)展(zhan)人(ren)才(cai)工(gong)作(zuo)提(ti)供(gong)智(zhi)力(li)支(zhi)持(chi)。
(三)強化實施效果評估
qianghuajiancefenxihejixiaopinggu,jianliyijianshishiqingkuangdingqipingguzhidu,tansuoyinrudisanfangpinggujizhi,shishikaizhanzhongqipingguhezongjiepinggu。jianlijianquandongtaitiaozhengjizhi,jishiyanjiujiejueyijianshishizhongchuxiandexinqingkuangxinwenti,tigaoshishichengxiao。