http://www.kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-12 11:08:19 來源:科技日報
我國製造業規模龐大、體(ti)係(xi)健(jian)全(quan),市(shi)場(chang)空(kong)間(jian)巨(ju)大(da)。在(zai)數(shu)字(zi)技(ji)術(shu)加(jia)速(su)賦(fu)能(neng)的(de)大(da)趨(qu)勢(shi)下(xia),將(jiang)數(shu)字(zi)經(jing)濟(ji)融(rong)於(yu)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan),加(jia)快(kuai)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)與(yu)數(shu)字(zi)經(jing)濟(ji)深(shen)度(du)融(rong)合(he),驅(qu)動(dong)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)數(shu)字(zi)化(hua)轉(zhuan)型(xing),對(dui)於(yu)推(tui)動(dong)實(shi)現(xian)我(wo)國(guo)經(jing)濟(ji)高(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)展(zhan)至(zhi)關(guan)重(zhong)要(yao)。當前,對於我國製造業企業來說,加快推進數字化轉型已成為一道“必選”題。
製造業數字化轉型具備係列有利條件
隨著我國數字經濟的快速發展,大數據、互聯網、雲計算、rengongzhinengdengxinyidaixinxijishudeyingyongduizhizaoyefazhandetishengzuoyongriyixianzhu,woguoxianjinzhizaoyefazhanjubeileshuzihuazhuanxingdeyoushijichu,zhuyaotixianzaiyixiajifangmian:
一是政策體係不斷完善,為製造業數字化提供良好環境。近年來,為促進製造業實現數字化轉型,助推中小企業通過數字化、網絡化、智能化實現高質量發展,國家相關部門出台了一係列戰略規劃和政策措施,為加快製造業企業數字化轉型提供了有效遵循和製度保障。
二是數字基礎設施建設提速,為製造業數字化提供基礎保障。截至2020年底,我國5G基站已累計達到了71.8萬個,5G終端連接數超過了2億,居全球首位。2020年,我國工業互聯網產業經濟增加值規模約為3.1萬億元,工業互聯網的快速建設和發展為製造業數字化轉型提供了重要載體和機遇。
sanshichanpinshichanggongxujiegoushengji,weizhizaoyeshuzihuazhuanxingtigongxianshidongli。shuangxunhuanjingjifazhanbeijingxia,guoneixiaofeijiegoudeshengji,weizhizaoyeshuzihuazhuanxingtigongguangkuodegongxukongjian。shouxinguanfeiyanyiqingdeyingxiang,xiaofeixinmoshipengbofazhan,shichangxuqiukongjianbuduankuoda,congerdaobigonggeijiegoushengji,weizhizaoyeshuzihuazhuanxingtigongledongli。
四是數字技術應用市場規模壯大,為製造業數字化轉型提供有效支撐。《中國數字經濟發展白皮書》數據顯示,2020年我國數字經濟總體規模達到39.2萬億元,數字經濟占GDP比重已提升至38.6%。數字技術蓬勃發展,為製造業數字化轉型提供有效技術保障。
缺乏核心技術、人才等成轉型“絆腳石”
當前,我國製造業數字化轉型迎來重要機遇,同時也麵臨企業認識不足、產業核心技術缺乏、數字化戰略水平較低、高數字素養人才短缺等方麵的挑戰。
一是企業缺乏科學認知,阻礙了製造業企業數字化轉型的整體進程。數字化不僅是技術更新,而且是經營理念、戰略、組織、yunyingdengquanfangweidebiange,xuyaocongquanjumouhua。muqian,duoshuqiyeduishuzihuazhuanxingrenshihaitingliuzairuhezaishengchanduanyinruxianjinxinxixitong,duiqiyeshuzihuazhuanxingquefaquanmianshenkederenshi,qiyeneibuyouqishigaocengguanlizhezhijiannanyidachenggongshi。
二是產業核心技術缺乏,製造業企業數字化轉型基礎不牢固。目前,我國在設計、生產、管理、服務等製造全過程中仿真、混合建模、增材製造、精益管控、供應鏈協同等關鍵核心技術落後,使得製造業數字化轉型基礎相對薄弱,在一定程度上阻礙著製造業數字化轉型的進程。
sanshishuzihuazhanlveshuipingjiaodishizhizaoyeqiyeshuzihuazhuanxingmianlindezhongdananti。dangqian,bufenzhongxiaoqiyeshuzihuazhuanxingpubiancunzaidewentishishuzihuazhanlveshuipingjiaodi,qiyemeiyouqiangyoulidezhidushejihezuzhizhongsu,quefaqingxidezhanlvemubiaoyushijianlujing,zhongxiaoqiye“不會轉”“不敢轉”的問題較為突出。
sishigaoshuzisuyangrencaiquefa,zhiyuelezhizaoyeqiyeshuzihuazhuanxingdenengli。muqian,qiyepubianquefajidongshuzijishuyoudongshengchanyunying,jijubeishuzijinengyounenggoulingdaoshuzihuazhanlvedegaoshuzisuyangdefuhexingrencai。chanyehulianwangdekuaisufazhanzhixia,zhizaoyeqiyeshuzihuazhuanxingmianlinshuzihua“跨界”人才緊缺、數字化人才供給不足的難題。
多管齊下加速數字化轉型
總體來看,我國製造業數字化轉型整體上還處於起步階段,為加快推動我國製造業企業數字化轉型,建議做好以下幾個方麵的工作:
yishitishengzhizaoyeqiyeshuzihuazhuanxingderenzhishuiping。shuzihuazhuanxingshiyigemanchangqiexunxujianjindeguocheng,butongxingyejianyijibutongleixingqiyejian,shuzihuazhuanxingzhongdianhelujingchayifeichangda。duiyuqiyelaishuo,yaoshibiezishensuojubeideshuzijingjishengchanyaosu,congzishenxuqiuhetongdianchufa,zhidingshiheqiyezishenchengshudujifazhanzhanlvedeshuzihuazhuanxingfangan,youzhenduixingdifenjieduan、分步驟地推進數字化轉型。
ershiqianghuarencaizhicheng,jiadagaoshuzisuyangrencaipeiyuyuyinjin。difangzhengfuyaoyanjiuzhidingzhenduigaoshuzisuyangrencaidexiangguanzhengce,jiakuaichanyeshuzihuazhuanxingrencaiyinjinpeiyang。qiyeyaozheligoujianqiyezishenshuzihuarencaifazhantixi,zengqiangzishenshuzihuarencaichubei。gaoxiaokekaizhandashuju、人工智能等新興學科布局建設,與企業構建長期高效的數字化人才孵化機製。
三是加大數字化轉型研發投入,加強關鍵核心技術攻關。地方政府應加大對製造業數字化轉型產業共性技術以及“卡脖子”關鍵核心技術的科技投入,通過技術改造貸款貼息、加速折舊、產業引導基金投資等合理的財稅政策,引導企業進行數字化改造。企業自身也要在數字化轉型的資金、人才等資源方麵加大投入力度,加強前沿科技人才投入,切實提高企業自身創新能力。
sishituijinqiyeshuzihuamoshichuangxinyubiange。duiyudaduoshuzhizaoyezhongxiaoqiyelaishuo,keyichongfenjiejianguoneixingyelongtouqiyezaishuzihuazhuanxingfangmiandexianxingjingyan,wajueqiyedeshujuzichanjiazhi,tuijinchanpinhefuwuchuangxin,shixianzishenfazhanliangxingxunhuan;同tong時shi要yao強qiang化hua頂ding層ceng設she計ji,製zhi定ding符fu合he自zi身shen特te點dian的de前qian瞻zhan性xing數shu字zi化hua戰zhan略lve,促cu進jin企qi業ye數shu字zi化hua模mo式shi創chuang新xin和he組zu織zhi管guan理li模mo式shi變bian革ge,為wei最zui終zhong實shi現xian智zhi能neng製zhi造zao打da下xia堅jian實shi的de管guan理li根gen基ji。
wushicujinshujukaifangheanquangongxiang,wanshanshuzijingjifalvtixi。yaojiakuaizhizaoyeshujubiaozhunzhidingyuyingyong,zhubujianquanzhizaoyeshujubiaozhuntixi,tuidongchanyeshangxiayouqiyejiaqiangshujukaifanghegongxiang,zhulichanyelianzhengtishuzishengji。yucitongshi,yingcankaoguojijingyanjiakuaituijinshujuanquanlifa,tuidongzhidingshujuquanliguishu、數shu據ju交jiao易yi等deng相xiang關guan法fa律lv製zhi度du,加jia強qiang工gong業ye數shu據ju和he個ge人ren信xin息xi保bao護hu。企qi業ye在zai數shu字zi化hua轉zhuan型xing過guo程cheng中zhong,也ye要yao搭da建jian自zi身shen的de數shu據ju安an全quan體ti係xi,與yu自zi身shen關guan聯lian企qi業ye建jian立li協xie同tong聯lian動dong的de聯lian防fang聯lian控kong機ji製zhi,築zhu牢lao協xie同tong聯lian防fang的de體ti係xi化hua數shu據ju安an全quan防fang範fan能neng力li。