http://www.kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-10 22:21:37 來源:人事教育司
gesheng,zizhiqu,zhixiashijijihuadanlieshi,xinjiangshengchanjianshebingtuangongyehexinxihuazhuguanbumen,gesheng,zizhiqu,zhixiashitongxinguanliju,bushugedanwei,bushugegaoxiao,bujiguangesiju:
人才是製造強國和網絡強國建設的根本。為深入貫徹中央人才工作會議精神,《國家“十四五”期間人才發展規劃》等文件要求,切實為工業和信息化高質量發展提供有力人才保障,製定本實施意見。
一、建設目標
jianchiyixijinpingxinshidaizhongguoteseshehuizhuyisixiangweizhidao,quanmianguanchexijinpingzongshujiguanyuzuohaoxinshidairencaigongzuodezhongyaosixiang,jianchidangguanrencai,gaoduanyinling,chancaironghe,gaigechuangxin,yiduanzaozhongdianrencaiduiwuweizhugongfangxiang,yishishizhongdarencaixiangmujihuaweizhuashou,quanfangweipeiyang,yinjinheyonghaorencai,zhichengheyinlinggongyehexinxihuagaozhiliangfazhan。
二、加強重點人才隊伍建設
(一)建設戰略科學家梯隊
立(li)足(zu)工(gong)業(ye)和(he)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)重(zhong)點(dian)領(ling)域(yu),堅(jian)持(chi)實(shi)踐(jian)標(biao)準(zhun),從(cong)國(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)大(da)項(xiang)目(mu)擔(dan)綱(gang)領(ling)銜(xian)專(zhuan)家(jia)中(zhong)推(tui)薦(jian)一(yi)批(pi)戰(zhan)略(lve)科(ke)學(xue)家(jia)人(ren)選(xuan)。堅(jian)持(chi)長(chang)遠(yuan)眼(yan)光(guang),有(you)意(yi)識(shi)地(di)發(fa)現(xian)和(he)培(pei)養(yang)更(geng)多(duo)工(gong)業(ye)和(he)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)領(ling)域(yu)具(ju)有(you)戰(zhan)略(lve)科(ke)學(xue)家(jia)潛(qian)質(zhi)的(de)高(gao)層(ceng)次(ci)複(fu)合(he)型(xing)人(ren)才(cai)。
(二)支持一流科技領軍人才和創新團隊加快成長
mianxianggongyehexinxihuazhanlvejixulingyu,linxuanzhichiyipikejilingjunrencaihechuangxintuandui,zaiyixianshijianzhongpeiyangzaojiurencai。fahuikejilingjunqiye,bushugaoxiao,bushukeyanyuansuodengzuoyong,zuzhichanxueyanxietonggongguan,zairencaitiduipeitao,keyantiaojianpeitao,guanlijizhipeitaofangmiangeiyuteshuzhengce,jiakuaiguanjianhexinjishutupo。
(三)培育青年科技人才後備力量
引yin導dao和he支zhi持chi政zheng產chan學xue研yan等deng各ge方fang力li量liang,著zhe力li培pei養yang一yi支zhi政zheng治zhi素su質zhi高gao,創chuang新xin活huo力li強qiang的de青qing年nian科ke技ji人ren才cai隊dui伍wu。組zu織zhi實shi施shi工gong信xin青qing年nian科ke技ji服fu務wu團tuan項xiang目mu,引yin導dao優you秀xiu青qing年nian科ke技ji人ren才cai向xiang重zhong點dian企qi業ye流liu動dong。建jian立li健jian全quan以yi信xin任ren為wei基ji礎chu的de青qing年nian科ke技ji人ren才cai支zhi持chi機ji製zhi,在zai重zhong大da項xiang目mu資zi源yuan分fen配pei等deng方fang麵mian予yu以yi傾qing斜xie性xing支zhi持chi,支zhi持chi青qing年nian科ke技ji人ren才cai挑tiao大da梁liang,當dang主zhu角jiao。完wan善shan青qing年nian科ke技ji人ren才cai評ping價jia體ti係xi,加jia強qiang和he改gai進jin部bu係xi統tong高gao級ji職zhi稱cheng評ping審shen工gong作zuo,提ti高gao40周歲以下青年入選比例。提高部係統博士後流動(工作)zhanjianshezhiliang。yindaohezhichiyongrendanweizaixinchoudaiyu,zhufang,zinvruxuedengfangmianjiadazhichilidu,jiejueqingniankejirencaidehouguzhiyou,rangtamenanshen,anxin,anye。

(四)壯大高素質技術技能人才隊伍
培pei養yang大da批pi卓zhuo越yue工gong程cheng師shi。組zu織zhi實shi施shi卓zhuo越yue工gong程cheng師shi薪xin火huo計ji劃hua,在zai工gong業ye和he信xin息xi化hua領ling域yu著zhe力li建jian設she一yi支zhi愛ai黨dang報bao國guo,敬jing業ye奉feng獻xian,具ju有you突tu出chu技ji術shu創chuang新xin能neng力li,善shan於yu解jie決jue複fu雜za工gong程cheng問wen題ti的de工gong程cheng師shi隊dui伍wu。支zhi持chi有you條tiao件jian的de省sheng(區,市)結合自身產業特色,建立健全卓越工程師評價體係。

完(wan)善(shan)高(gao)素(su)質(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)技(ji)能(neng)人(ren)才(cai)培(pei)養(yang)標(biao)準(zhun)。充(chong)分(fen)發(fa)揮(hui)全(quan)國(guo)工(gong)業(ye)和(he)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)職(zhi)業(ye)教(jiao)育(yu)教(jiao)學(xue)指(zhi)導(dao)委(wei)員(yuan)會(hui)作(zuo)用(yong),開(kai)展(zhan)重(zhong)點(dian)領(ling)域(yu)人(ren)才(cai)需(xu)求(qiu)預(yu)測(ce),加(jia)強(qiang)專(zhuan)業(ye)標(biao)準(zhun)建(jian)設(she),推(tui)動(dong)職(zhi)業(ye)院(yuan)校(xiao)“三教改革”。鼓勵開發工業和信息化領域新職業的國家職業技術技能標準,推動技術技能人才培養標準體係建設。
加jia大da高gao素su質zhi技ji術shu技ji能neng人ren才cai培pei養yang力li度du。麵mian向xiang工gong業ye和he信xin息xi化hua重zhong點dian領ling域yu,開kai展zhan大da規gui模mo職zhi業ye技ji能neng培pei訓xun。建jian好hao用yong好hao工gong業ye和he信xin息xi化hua技ji術shu技ji能neng人ren才cai網wang上shang學xue習xi平ping台tai,大da力li開kai展zhan線xian上shang培pei訓xun,遴lin選xuan推tui廣guang一yi批pi優you質zhi培pei訓xun課ke程cheng,引yin導dao支zhi持chi企qi業ye和he培pei訓xun機ji構gou做zuo好hao勞lao動dong者zhe技ji能neng提ti升sheng工gong作zuo。深shen入ru實shi施shi專zhuan業ye技ji術shu人ren才cai知zhi識shi更geng新xin工gong程cheng,培pei育yu壯zhuang大da數shu字zi技ji術shu工gong程cheng師shi隊dui伍wu。深shen入ru開kai展zhan產chan教jiao對dui話hua聯lian動dong活huo動dong,聯lian合he實shi施shi現xian場chang工gong程cheng師shi專zhuan項xiang培pei養yang計ji劃hua。
健全高素質技術技能人才選拔方式。加強和改進全國計算機技術與軟件專業技術資格(水平)考(kao)試(shi),全(quan)國(guo)通(tong)信(xin)專(zhuan)業(ye)技(ji)術(shu)人(ren)員(yuan)職(zhi)業(ye)水(shui)平(ping)考(kao)試(shi)工(gong)作(zuo)。建(jian)設(she)以(yi)全(quan)國(guo)工(gong)業(ye)和(he)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)技(ji)術(shu)技(ji)能(neng)大(da)賽(sai)為(wei)龍(long)頭(tou),行(xing)業(ye)特(te)色(se)技(ji)術(shu)技(ji)能(neng)競(jing)賽(sai)為(wei)主(zhu)體(ti),企(qi)業(ye)內(nei)部(bu)技(ji)術(shu)比(bi)武(wu)為(wei)基(ji)礎(chu)的(de)賽(sai)事(shi)體(ti)係(xi)。按(an)職(zhi)責(ze)做(zuo)好(hao)相(xiang)關(guan)領(ling)域(yu)的(de)職(zhi)業(ye)技(ji)能(neng)等(deng)級(ji)認(ren)定(ding)的(de)監(jian)督(du)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)。
(五)加強企業經營管理人才隊伍建設
加jia大da企qi業ye經jing營ying管guan理li人ren才cai培pei養yang力li度du。繼ji續xu實shi施shi企qi業ye經jing營ying管guan理li人ren才cai素su質zhi提ti升sheng工gong程cheng,深shen入ru推tui進jin中zhong小xiao企qi業ye經jing營ying管guan理li領ling軍jun人ren才cai培pei訓xun項xiang目mu,支zhi持chi培pei訓xun資zi源yuan向xiang產chan業ye鏈lian“鏈主”企業,製造業單項冠軍企業,專精特新“小巨人”企業,專精特新中小企業等優質企業傾斜。通過“企業微課”,慕課等線上形式,研修班,特訓營等線下形式,建立線上線下相結合,長期短期相銜接的培養模式。
促(cu)進(jin)企(qi)業(ye)經(jing)營(ying)管(guan)理(li)人(ren)才(cai)交(jiao)流(liu)合(he)作(zuo)。充(chong)分(fen)發(fa)揮(hui)政(zheng)府(fu)部(bu)門(men),行(xing)業(ye)組(zu)織(zhi),專(zhuan)業(ye)服(fu)務(wu)機(ji)構(gou)等(deng)作(zuo)用(yong),通(tong)過(guo)論(lun)壇(tan),展(zhan)會(hui),座(zuo)談(tan)會(hui)等(deng)多(duo)種(zhong)形(xing)式(shi),促(cu)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)鏈(lian)上(shang)中(zhong)下(xia)遊(you),大(da)中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)經(jing)營(ying)管(guan)理(li)人(ren)才(cai)間(jian)的(de)交(jiao)流(liu)合(he)作(zuo),互(hu)學(xue)互(hu)鑒(jian)。大(da)力(li)弘(hong)揚(yang)優(you)秀(xiu)企(qi)業(ye)家(jia)精(jing)神(shen),選(xuan)樹(shu)和(he)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)一(yi)批(pi)優(you)秀(xiu)企(qi)業(ye)家(jia)典(dian)型(xing),推(tui)動(dong)形(xing)成(cheng)尊(zun)重(zhong)企(qi)業(ye)家(jia)價(jia)值(zhi),鼓(gu)勵(li)企(qi)業(ye)家(jia)創(chuang)新(xin),發(fa)揮(hui)企(qi)業(ye)家(jia)作(zuo)用(yong)的(de)輿(yu)論(lun)氛(fen)圍(wei)。

著(zhe)眼(yan)提(ti)高(gao)產(chan)業(ye)基(ji)礎(chu)能(neng)力(li),組(zu)織(zhi)實(shi)施(shi)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)人(ren)才(cai)支(zhi)持(chi)計(ji)劃(hua),選(xuan)拔(ba)和(he)支(zhi)持(chi)一(yi)批(pi)高(gao)水(shui)平(ping)管(guan)理(li),技(ji)術(shu),技(ji)能(neng)人(ren)才(cai),著(zhe)力(li)解(jie)決(jue)企(qi)業(ye)留(liu)才(cai)難(nan),引(yin)才(cai)難(nan)和(he)育(yu)才(cai)能(neng)力(li)不(bu)強(qiang)的(de)問(wen)題(ti),提(ti)高(gao)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)人(ren)才(cai)集(ji)聚(ju)能(neng)力(li)。

三、提高部屬高校人才培養能力
qianghuaxuekejianshe。zhidaobushugaoxiaoluoshixuekejiansheguihua,xingchengzhizaoqiangguohewangluoqiangguozhuganxuekezhuanyejiaocharonghe,xietongchuangxindelianghaoxuekeshengtai。youhuajichuxuekeziyuanpeizhi,tishengjichuxuekejianshetiaojianhefazhanhuanjing。zhichijiansheyipinenggouchengzaigaoshuipingrencaidexuekejiaochafazhanpingtai。
深shen化hua人ren才cai培pei養yang產chan教jiao融rong合he。支zhi持chi部bu屬shu高gao校xiao優you化hua實shi施shi強qiang基ji計ji劃hua和he基ji礎chu學xue科ke拔ba尖jian學xue生sheng培pei養yang計ji劃hua,加jia強qiang基ji礎chu和he關guan鍵jian領ling域yu人ren才cai培pei養yang。建jian設she一yi批pi有you影ying響xiang力li的de精jing品pin課ke程cheng和he教jiao材cai。創chuang新xin卓zhuo越yue工gong程cheng師shi培pei養yang模mo式shi,形xing成cheng一yi批pi卓zhuo越yue工gong程cheng師shi培pei養yang平ping台tai,遴lin選xuan一yi批pi校xiao企qi協xie同tong育yu人ren示shi範fan基ji地di。支zhi持chi建jian好hao未wei來lai技ji術shu學xue院yuan,創chuang新xin創chuang業ye學xue院yuan等deng產chan教jiao融rong合he人ren才cai培pei養yang新xin平ping台tai,探tan索suo建jian設she若ruo幹gan人ren才cai培pei養yang特te區qu和he試shi驗yan區qu。加jia強qiang創chuang新xin創chuang業ye平ping台tai建jian設she,打da造zao一yi批pi高gao水shui平ping創chuang業ye創chuang新xin示shi範fan基ji地di。推tui動dong設she立li一yi批pi高gao水shui平ping國guo際ji聯lian合he培pei養yang辦ban學xue機ji構gou和he項xiang目mu,營ying造zao國guo際ji化hua育yu人ren環huan境jing。
四、強化集聚創新人才的特色載體建設
對(dui)接(jie)高(gao)水(shui)平(ping)人(ren)才(cai)高(gao)地(di)建(jian)設(she),以(yi)產(chan)業(ye)集(ji)聚(ju)區(qu),企(qi)業(ye),部(bu)屬(shu)高(gao)校(xiao),共(gong)性(xing)技(ji)術(shu)平(ping)台(tai),項(xiang)目(mu)等(deng)為(wei)抓(zhua)手(shou),打(da)造(zao)一(yi)批(pi)行(xing)業(ye)特(te)色(se)鮮(xian)明(ming),集(ji)聚(ju)創(chuang)新(xin)人(ren)才(cai)的(de)載(zai)體(ti)平(ping)台(tai)。
引yin導dao和he支zhi持chi國guo家jia先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye集ji群qun,國guo家jia新xin型xing工gong業ye化hua產chan業ye示shi範fan基ji地di,國guo家jia小xiao型xing微wei型xing企qi業ye創chuang業ye創chuang新xin示shi範fan基ji地di等deng產chan業ye集ji聚ju區qu營ying造zao具ju有you國guo際ji競jing爭zheng力li的de人ren才cai發fa展zhan環huan境jing,依yi托tuo國guo家jia重zhong大da項xiang目mu,重zhong點dian工gong程cheng,提ti升sheng集ji聚ju吸xi引yin優you秀xiu人ren才cai的de示shi範fan效xiao應ying。支zhi持chi部bu屬shu高gao校xiao深shen化hua與yu地di方fang特te色se產chan業ye,重zhong點dian企qi業ye開kai展zhan產chan學xue研yan合he作zuo。強qiang化hua國guo家jia製zhi造zao業ye創chuang新xin中zhong心xin,部bu重zhong點dian實shi驗yan室shi等deng共gong性xing技ji術shu平ping台tai對dui創chuang新xin人ren才cai的de支zhi撐cheng引yin領ling作zuo用yong。以yi重zhong大da工gong程cheng項xiang目mu為wei載zai體ti,通tong過guo支zhi持chi承cheng擔dan重zhong大da任ren務wu培pei養yang和he造zao就jiu一yi批pi一yi流liu科ke技ji創chuang新xin人ren才cai。
jinyibutuchuqiyechengzaikejichuangxinrencaizhutidiwei,tuidongyingyongyanjiu,jishukaifaxiangmuherencaixiangmugengduoyouqiyechengdan。jiakuaigoujianlongtouqiyeqiantou,gaoxiao,keyanyuansuozhichi,gefangmianxietongpeihedechuangxinlianheti,zuzhichuangxintuanduikaizhankuaxueke,kualingyuchanxueyanxietonggongguan。mianxiangyouzhiqiye,gaoxiao,keyanyuansuodeng,zhichijiansheyipichanyerencaijidi,peiyangjijugengduogaosuzhirencai。guliqiyezuetiquzhigongjiaoyujingfei,yongyujishu,jinengrencaidejiaoyupeixun。
五、深化人才發展體製機製改革
(一)創新人才評價機製
堅持“破四唯”與“立新標”並舉,加快推進以創新價值,能力,貢獻為導向的人才評價體係建設。落實“唯帽子”問題專項治理,推動人才稱號,學術頭銜回歸學術性,榮譽性本質。突出“高精尖缺”,youhuaxiangguanrencaixiangmupingshenbiaozhun。luoshiheshenhuazhuanyejishurencaizhichengzhidugaige,zhichiyongrendanweidatonggaojinengrencaiyuzhuanyejishurencaizhiyefazhantongdao。tuijinbuxitongzhichengzhidugaige,zuohaozhichengpingshenquanxianxiafangshidianpinggugongzuo。zhidaobushuyouguandanweijibushugaoxiaokaizhankejirencaipingjiagaigeshidiangongzuo。zhichizhuanyejigou,xingyezuzhi,shiyedanweidengkaizhanshichanghua,shehuihuapingjia,youxuchengjiezhengfuzhuanyiderencaipingjiazhineng。
(二)改進人才使用機製
加快推動形成以信任為基礎的人才使用機製。完善和落實項目立項“揭榜掛帥”“賽馬”等機製,最大限度發揮各類人才創新積極性和主動性。繼續為科研人才減負鬆綁,推行“無會日”,保證教學和科研人員參與非學術事務性活動每周不超過一天。推廣科研助理製度,減輕科研人員填表,報銷等事務性負擔。
(三)健全人才激勵機製
強qiang化hua對dui人ren才cai的de政zheng治zhi引yin領ling和he精jing神shen激ji勵li,吸xi引yin更geng多duo優you秀xiu人ren才cai投tou身shen工gong業ye和he信xin息xi化hua事shi業ye。落luo實shi黨dang委wei聯lian係xi服fu務wu專zhuan家jia製zhi度du,開kai展zhan形xing式shi多duo樣yang的de人ren才cai服fu務wu基ji層ceng活huo動dong。大da力li弘hong揚yang科ke學xue家jia精jing神shen,工gong程cheng師shi文wen化hua和he工gong匠jiang精jing神shen,宣xuan傳chuan一yi批pi工gong業ye和he信xin息xi化hua領ling域yu優you秀xiu人ren才cai典dian型xing。常chang態tai化hua開kai展zhan“弘揚愛國奮鬥精神,建功立業新時代”huodong。bushukeyanyuansuo,bushugaoxiaoduichengdanguojiazhongdarenwu,chengxiaotuchudekejirenyuanhetuanduizaijixiaogongzifenpei,zhichengpingding,jinzhijinji,biaozhangjianglidengfangmiangeiyuqingxie。
(四)優化人才流動機製
對(dui)接(jie)服(fu)務(wu)國(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)大(da)區(qu)域(yu)戰(zhan)略(lve),支(zhi)持(chi)重(zhong)點(dian)人(ren)才(cai)計(ji)劃(hua)向(xiang)東(dong)北(bei)地(di)區(qu),中(zhong)西(xi)部(bu)地(di)區(qu)傾(qing)斜(xie),引(yin)導(dao)激(ji)勵(li)人(ren)才(cai)向(xiang)艱(jian)苦(ku)邊(bian)遠(yuan)地(di)區(qu)和(he)基(ji)層(ceng)一(yi)線(xian)流(liu)動(dong)。引(yin)導(dao)人(ren)才(cai)計(ji)劃(hua)入(ru)選(xuan)者(zhe)合(he)理(li)有(you)序(xu)流(liu)動(dong),避(bi)免(mian)比(bi)拚(pin)待(dai)遇(yu)“哄搶”人才等亂象。支持各地製定出台精準有效的人才支持政策,引導和吸引優秀人才向本地區重點產業集聚區流動。
六、加強組織保障
(一)健全人才工作組織體係
加強對工業和信息化人才工作的組織領導,統籌協調,整體推進和督促落實。黨委(黨組)主(zhu)要(yao)負(fu)責(ze)同(tong)誌(zhi)要(yao)親(qin)自(zi)抓(zhua),分(fen)管(guan)負(fu)責(ze)同(tong)誌(zhi)要(yao)明(ming)確(que)責(ze)任(ren)具(ju)體(ti)抓(zhua),組(zu)織(zhi)人(ren)事(shi)部(bu)門(men)切(qie)實(shi)履(lv)行(xing)抓(zhua)政(zheng)策(ce),抓(zhua)項(xiang)目(mu),抓(zhua)協(xie)調(tiao),抓(zhua)服(fu)務(wu)的(de)職(zhi)責(ze)。各(ge)地(di)工(gong)業(ye)和(he)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)主(zhu)管(guan)部(bu)門(men),通(tong)信(xin)管(guan)理(li)局(ju)要(yao)結(jie)合(he)本(ben)地(di)產(chan)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)實(shi)際(ji),加(jia)強(qiang)與(yu)黨(dang)委(wei)組(zu)織(zhi)部(bu),教(jiao)育(yu),人(ren)社(she)等(deng)部(bu)門(men)協(xie)同(tong)聯(lian)動(dong),強(qiang)化(hua)人(ren)才(cai)工(gong)作(zuo)謀(mou)劃(hua),及(ji)時(shi)協(xie)調(tiao)解(jie)決(jue)人(ren)才(cai)工(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)的(de)重(zhong)大(da)問(wen)題(ti)。部(bu)屬(shu)各(ge)高(gao)校(xiao)要(yao)深(shen)入(ru)推(tui)進(jin)“雙一流”建jian設she,持chi續xu打da造zao高gao水shui平ping人ren才cai培pei養yang體ti係xi。部bu屬shu各ge企qi事shi業ye單dan位wei要yao立li足zu自zi身shen優you勢shi,進jin一yi步bu加jia強qiang本ben單dan位wei人ren才cai隊dui伍wu建jian設she,加jia大da優you勢shi領ling域yu重zhong要yao人ren才cai問wen題ti的de研yan究jiu力li度du,更geng好hao支zhi撐cheng重zhong點dian工gong作zuo,服fu務wu行xing業ye發fa展zhan,提ti升sheng核he心xin競jing爭zheng力li。部bu機ji關guan各ge司si局ju要yao履lv行xing“一手抓產業,一手抓人才”的職責,做到產業和人才政策協同發力。支持有條件的單位配強行業人才工作力量,完善工作運行機製。
(二)夯實人才工作基礎
jianquanrencaigongzuozhengceyanjiutixi,zhichixingyeteserencaizhikujianshe,zengqiangrencaigongzuoqianzhanxing,xitongxing。chixukaizhanzhongdianlingyuchanyerencaixuqiuyucegongzuo,weikexuezhidingrencaizhengcetigongzhongyaocankao。dingqikaizhanbuxitongrencaitongjigongzuo。jianshewanshangongyehexinxihuazhuanjiaxinxiguanlifuwupingtai,huijulaiziqiye,gaoxiao,keyanyuansuodenggefangdeyouxiuzhuanjia,weigaozhiliangkaizhanrencaigongzuotigongzhilizhichi。
(三)強化實施效果評估
強qiang化hua監jian測ce分fen析xi和he績ji效xiao評ping估gu,建jian立li意yi見jian實shi施shi情qing況kuang定ding期qi評ping估gu製zhi度du,探tan索suo引yin入ru第di三san方fang評ping估gu機ji製zhi,適shi時shi開kai展zhan中zhong期qi評ping估gu和he總zong結jie評ping估gu。建jian立li健jian全quan動dong態tai調tiao整zheng機ji製zhi,及ji時shi研yan究jiu解jie決jue意yi見jian實shi施shi中zhong出chu現xian的de新xin情qing況kuang新xin問wen題ti,提ti高gao實shi施shi成cheng效xiao。