在zai國guo際ji金jin融rong危wei機ji蔓man延yan，世shi界jie經jing濟ji形xing勢shi複fu雜za多duo變bian的de環huan境jing下xia，各ge國guo正zheng致zhi力li於yu通tong過guo調tiao整zheng產chan業ye結jie構gou，應ying對dui金jin融rong危wei機ji的de挑tiao戰zhan，恢hui複fu經jing濟ji增zeng長chang的de動dong力li。與yu此ci同tong時shi

，中zhong國guo也ye正zheng通tong過guo積ji極ji的de製zhi度du創chuang新xin優you化hua產chan業ye結jie構gou與yu布bu局ju，擺bai脫tuo金jin融rong危wei機ji的de束shu縛fu
，保bao持chi經jing濟ji持chi續xu、健康和快速發展。2009nianzhongyangjingjigongzuohuiyitebiezhichuyaocongzhiduanpairushou，yinshilidaoyindaoguojichanyeyouxudixiangbenguozhuanyi

，yishirangwomenchongfenliyongjinrongweijiyinzhidequanqiuchanyejiegoutiaozhengheguojifengongzhongzudelishiqiji，xiyinkejihanlianghechanpinfujiazhigaodexiandaixianjinchanyehegaoduanshengchanhuanjiexiangbenguozhuanyi，tuidongwoguochanyejiegoudeyouhuayushengji。yindaoguojichanyezhuanyidelishijiyu

　　國(guo)際(ji)金(jin)融(rong)危(wei)機(ji)的(de)爆(bao)發(fa)導(dao)致(zhi)了(le)全(quan)球(qiu)經(jing)濟(ji)的(de)衰(shuai)退(tui)，促(cu)使(shi)世(shi)界(jie)各(ge)國(guo)設(she)計(ji)有(you)效(xiao)的(de)製(zhi)度(du)安(an)排(pai)調(tiao)整(zheng)產(chan)業(ye)結(jie)構(gou)
，以(yi)作(zuo)為(wei)應(ying)對(dui)金(jin)融(rong)危(wei)機(ji)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)手(shou)段(duan)，這(zhe)使(shi)得(de)金(jin)融(rong)危(wei)機(ji)有(you)可(ke)能(neng)為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)引(yin)導(dao)和(he)承(cheng)接(jie)國(guo)際(ji)產(chan)業(ye)轉(zhuan)移(yi)創(chuang)造(zao)了(le)一(yi)次(ci)難(nan)得(de)的(de)曆(li)史(shi)機(ji)遇(yu)。

　　一方麵，金融危機為中國引導國際產業轉移創造了客觀的曆史機遇。從全球維度來看，雖然隨著世界經濟一體化的深入發展，資本
、技ji術shu和he勞lao動dong力li等deng生sheng產chan要yao素su在zai市shi場chang機ji製zhi的de作zuo用yong下xia全quan球qiu流liu動dong與yu組zu合he配pei置zhi，催cui促cu著zhe一yi國guo或huo地di區qu內nei部bu的de產chan業ye向xiang具ju有you比bi較jiao優you勢shi的de地di區qu轉zhuan移yi，但dan是shi，由you於yu發fa達da國guo家jia比bi發fa展zhan中zhong國guo家jia表biao現xian出chu較jiao高gao的de經jing濟ji發fa展zhan水shui平ping和he較jiao強qiang的de科ke技ji力li量liang
，使shi得de它ta們men在zai世shi界jie分fen工gong體ti係xi和he利li益yi分fen配pei格ge局ju中zhong占zhan據ju主zhu導dao地di位wei。他ta們men將jiang資zi源yuan消xiao耗hao和he環huan境jing汙wu染ran水shui平ping高gao、技ji術shu含han量liang和he產chan品pin附fu加jia值zhi低di的de產chan業ye向xiang發fa展zhan中zhong國guo家jia和he不bu發fa達da國guo家jia轉zhuan移yi，以yi騰teng出chu地di域yu空kong間jian發fa展zhan科ke技ji含han量liang和he產chan品pin附fu加jia值zhi高gao的de先xian進jin產chan業ye和he生sheng產chan環huan節jie，以yi維wei持chi自zi身shen在zai產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian高gao端duan的de優you勢shi地di位wei。然ran而er，由you於yu處chu於yu產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian高gao端duan的de生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he先xian進jin產chan業ye多duo是shi資zi本ben與yu技ji術shu密mi集ji型xing的de非fei物wu質zhi生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he產chan業ye
，國guo際ji金jin融rong危wei機ji的de爆bao發fa使shi得de金jin融rong資zi本ben斷duan裂lie，導dao致zhi非fei物wu質zhi生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he產chan業ye缺que乏fa金jin融rong資zi本ben的de支zhi撐cheng，因yin而er
，金jin融rong危wei機ji強qiang烈lie地di衝chong擊ji了le發fa達da國guo家jia內nei部bu不bu合he理li的de剛gang性xing產chan業ye結jie構gou，必bi然ran促cu使shi它ta們men重zhong新xin協xie調tiao非fei物wu質zhi生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he產chan業ye與yu實shi物wu生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he產chan業ye的de相xiang對dui比bi重zhong，將jiang一yi部bu分fen處chu於yu產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian高gao端duan的de生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he資zi本ben與yu技ji術shu密mi集ji型xing的de先xian進jin產chan業ye向xiang海hai外wai轉zhuan移yi，由you此ci可ke能neng形xing成cheng國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi的de新xin浪lang潮chao。

　　另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)，金(jin)融(rong)危(wei)機(ji)為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)引(yin)導(dao)國(guo)際(ji)產(chan)業(ye)轉(zhuan)移(yi)創(chuang)造(zao)了(le)主(zhu)觀(guan)的(de)曆(li)史(shi)機(ji)遇(yu)。改(gai)革(ge)開(kai)放(fang)三(san)十(shi)多(duo)年(nian)的(de)曆(li)史(shi)經(jing)驗(yan)表(biao)明(ming)，中(zhong)國(guo)成(cheng)功(gong)的(de)製(zhi)度(du)轉(zhuan)型(xing)有(you)效(xiao)地(di)促(cu)進(jin)了(le)經(jing)濟(ji)結(jie)構(gou)的(de)優(you)化(hua)和(he)經(jing)濟(ji)增(zeng)長(chang)方(fang)式(shi)的(de)轉(zhuan)變(bian)，產(chan)生(sheng)了(le)“經濟增長奇跡”，jidadisuoxiaoleyufadaguojiadejingjifazhanchaju。jishiguojijinrongweijixijuanquanqiu，zhishishijiegeguojingjixiahua，zhongguosuiranyewuyiliwaidibunengxingmian，raner，zhengdangshijiegeguozhiliyuxunzhaojinrongweijideyingduizhiceshi

，zhongguopingjieduiwaikaifangsanshiduoniansuojileidewuzhijichuhejishiyouxiaodezhiduanpai，lvxianzouchulejinrongweijideyinmai，shidefadaguojiadekuaguogongsizaimianlinbentushengchanyujingyinghuanjingehuashi，zhongxinshenshizhongguodeshengchanchengbenhejiaoyichengbenyoushisuodailaideshengchanhejingyinghuanjingdegaishan。cishi

，zhongguoyoukenengyikaozhiduzhuanxingsuoleijidejingyan，jinyibutiaozhengzhengcehechuangxinzhidu，chuangzaochanyeshengjidexinhuanjing，zhudongyindaohechengjieguojixianjinchanyezhuanyi，bingzaibenguopeiyuwanzhengdechanyejiazhilian

，youhuachanyedekongjianbuju，tuidongchanyejiegoushengji。yindaoguojichanyezhuanyidezhiduchuangxin

　　中zhong國guo作zuo為wei正zheng處chu於yu工gong業ye化hua進jin程cheng中zhong的de世shi界jie上shang最zui大da的de發fa展zhan中zhong國guo家jia，要yao巧qiao借jie金jin融rong危wei機ji的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu，加jia快kuai現xian代dai工gong業ye化hua進jin程cheng，實shi現xian大da國guo的de經jing濟ji趕gan超chao
，必bi然ran需xu要yao通tong過guo製zhi度du創chuang新xin引yin導dao國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian高gao端duan的de生sheng產chan環huan節jie向xiang本ben國guo轉zhuan移yi來lai實shi現xian。為wei此ci，我wo們men有you針zhen對dui性xing地di提ti出chu引yin導dao國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he高gao端duan生sheng產chan環huan節jie轉zhuan移yi的de政zheng策ce調tiao整zheng和he製zhi度du創chuang新xin：

　　第di一yi，提ti高gao投tou資zi政zheng策ce的de差cha異yi化hua程cheng度du，破po除chu無wu形xing的de投tou資zi政zheng策ce壁bi壘lei。為wei了le承cheng接jie國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he高gao端duan生sheng產chan環huan節jie轉zhuan移yi
，對dui不bu同tong地di區qu承cheng接jie不bu同tong產chan業ye或huo生sheng產chan環huan節jie的de投tou資zi政zheng策ce應ying盡jin可ke能neng差cha別bie對dui待dai

，並bing增zeng強qiang投tou資zi政zheng策ce的de透tou明ming度du，消xiao除chu政zheng策ce性xing歧qi視shi。一yi方fang麵mian
，由you於yu中zhong國guo各ge地di區qu資zi源yuan稟bing賦fu
、jishushuipinghejingjifazhanshuipingcunzaichayi，guojiazaizhidingtouzizhengceshi

，yingkaolvgeiyugediquyidingdezizhuxing，caiquguojiazhidingtouzizhengcezhidaoyuanze，gediquyijuciyuanzejiehezishendejingjifazhanshuiping，chayihuadizhidingguli
、限(xian)製(zhi)和(he)禁(jin)止(zhi)外(wai)商(shang)投(tou)資(zi)產(chan)業(ye)的(de)政(zheng)策(ce)。另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)
，地(di)方(fang)政(zheng)府(fu)主(zhu)管(guan)部(bu)門(men)應(ying)加(jia)快(kuai)清(qing)理(li)與(yu)降(jiang)低(di)投(tou)資(zi)壁(bi)壘(lei)和(he)投(tou)資(zi)政(zheng)策(ce)透(tou)明(ming)度(du)原(yuan)則(ze)不(bu)相(xiang)適(shi)應(ying)的(de)政(zheng)策(ce)規(gui)章(zhang)，並(bing)逐(zhu)步(bu)廢(fei)除(chu)一(yi)些(xie)與(yu)促(cu)進(jin)投(tou)資(zi)自(zi)由(you)化(hua)的(de)國(guo)際(ji)規(gui)則(ze)相(xiang)衝(chong)突(tu)的(de)法(fa)律(lv)法(fa)規(gui)，且(qie)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)完(wan)善(shan)促(cu)進(jin)不(bu)同(tong)地(di)區(qu)各(ge)類(lei)產(chan)業(ye)投(tou)資(zi)相(xiang)適(shi)應(ying)的(de)自(zi)由(you)化(hua)規(gui)則(ze)
，同(tong)時(shi)
，還(hai)應(ying)加(jia)強(qiang)投(tou)資(zi)自(zi)由(you)化(hua)政(zheng)策(ce)的(de)對(dui)外(wai)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)
，及(ji)時(shi)對(dui)外(wai)公(gong)布(bu)鼓(gu)勵(li)、限製和禁止外商投資產業信息，並確保這些信息的國際傳播。

　　dier，tiaozhengshuishouzhengceyouhuifangshi
，zengqiangshuishouzhengcedexiangduiyouxiaoxing。shuishouzhengcefanyinglezhengfuduiqiyeyugerenshouyidezhengshuishuiping，yinci，shuishouzhengceyizhishizuoweishijiegeguoyindaochanyezibenliuxiangdezhongyaoshouduan。weiletigaoguojixianjinchanyeheshengchanhuanjiedezhuanyixiaolv
，yingyijudiqutezhenghechanyedetexing，caiquduoyanghuadeshuishouzhengceyouhuifangshi。yifangmian，yingshishidiyijudiquhechanyezhengcedexuyao，xietiaocaiyonggezhongshuishouzhengceyouhuifangshi。youyujianjieshuishouyouhuifangshinengduitouzizhouqichang、風險高的資本與技術密集型產業帶來更為實際的政策優惠
，因此，應逐步采取以加速折舊
、虧(kui)損(sun)彌(mi)補(bu)等(deng)間(jian)接(jie)稅(shui)收(shou)優(you)惠(hui)方(fang)式(shi)為(wei)主(zhu)
，促(cu)進(jin)資(zi)本(ben)和(he)技(ji)術(shu)密(mi)集(ji)型(xing)產(chan)業(ye)投(tou)資(zi)。另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)，政(zheng)府(fu)應(ying)依(yi)據(ju)地(di)域(yu)特(te)征(zheng)和(he)產(chan)業(ye)特(te)性(xing)製(zhi)定(ding)細(xi)化(hua)的(de)稅(shui)收(shou)優(you)惠(hui)政(zheng)策(ce)，並(bing)在(zai)地(di)區(qu)之(zhi)間(jian)、行(xing)業(ye)之(zhi)間(jian)和(he)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)之(zhi)間(jian)體(ti)現(xian)稅(shui)收(shou)政(zheng)策(ce)優(you)惠(hui)的(de)相(xiang)對(dui)有(you)效(xiao)性(xing)。對(dui)於(yu)技(ji)術(shu)密(mi)集(ji)型(xing)的(de)先(xian)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)或(huo)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)
，可(ke)賦(fu)予(yu)相(xiang)對(dui)於(yu)其(qi)他(ta)產(chan)業(ye)或(huo)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)更(geng)為(wei)優(you)厚(hou)的(de)稅(shui)收(shou)優(you)惠(hui)，同(tong)時(shi)，為(wei)了(le)鼓(gu)勵(li)落(luo)後(hou)地(di)區(qu)吸(xi)引(yin)產(chan)業(ye)轉(zhuan)移(yi)
，可(ke)適(shi)當(dang)獲(huo)得(de)相(xiang)對(dui)於(yu)經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)達(da)地(di)區(qu)而(er)言(yan)更(geng)為(wei)優(you)厚(hou)的(de)稅(shui)收(shou)政(zheng)策(ce)，以(yi)提(ti)高(gao)稅(shui)收(shou)優(you)惠(hui)政(zheng)策(ce)在(zai)經(jing)濟(ji)落(luo)後(hou)地(di)區(qu)的(de)相(xiang)對(dui)有(you)效(xiao)性(xing)。

　　第三，創新商業交易製度
，減少企業與政府之間的交往成本。為了更好地承接國際先進產業的轉移
，中國應簡化對現代先進企業的創立
、變(bian)更(geng)與(yu)退(tui)出(chu)生(sheng)產(chan)與(yu)經(jing)營(ying)活(huo)動(dong)的(de)授(shou)權(quan)與(yu)彙(hui)報(bao)程(cheng)序(xu)。首(shou)先(xian)，可(ke)以(yi)嚐(chang)試(shi)由(you)中(zhong)央(yang)部(bu)委(wei)出(chu)台(tai)各(ge)地(di)區(qu)審(shen)批(pi)外(wai)資(zi)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)原(yuan)則(ze)，並(bing)在(zai)各(ge)個(ge)級(ji)別(bie)的(de)行(xing)政(zheng)區(qu)劃(hua)單(dan)位(wei)設(she)立(li)審(shen)批(pi)機(ji)關(guan)且(qie)給(gei)予(yu)他(ta)們(men)與(yu)地(di)區(qu)經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)展(zhan)規(gui)模(mo)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)審(shen)批(pi)權(quan)限(xian)，且(qie)以(yi)法(fa)律(lv)形(xing)式(shi)加(jia)以(yi)固(gu)定(ding)。在(zai)國(guo)家(jia)對(dui)外(wai)商(shang)設(she)立(li)企(qi)業(ye)規(gui)定(ding)審(shen)批(pi)原(yuan)則(ze)的(de)條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)，為(wei)了(le)鼓(gu)勵(li)直(zhi)轄(xia)市(shi)和(he)經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)達(da)地(di)區(qu)承(cheng)接(jie)國(guo)外(wai)先(xian)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)的(de)轉(zhuan)移(yi)
，中(zhong)央(yang)可(ke)適(shi)當(dang)給(gei)予(yu)地(di)區(qu)政(zheng)府(fu)對(dui)於(yu)現(xian)代(dai)先(xian)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)審(shen)批(pi)權(quan)限(xian)。其(qi)次(ci)，盡(jin)可(ke)能(neng)簡(jian)化(hua)外(wai)商(shang)投(tou)資(zi)申(shen)請(qing)設(she)立(li)現(xian)代(dai)先(xian)進(jin)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)審(shen)批(pi)手(shou)續(xu)，增(zeng)強(qiang)審(shen)批(pi)的(de)透(tou)明(ming)度(du)和(he)提(ti)高(gao)審(shen)批(pi)效(xiao)率(lv)。審(shen)批(pi)機(ji)關(guan)可(ke)適(shi)當(dang)簡(jian)化(hua)外(wai)資(zi)的(de)審(shen)批(pi)和(he)聯(lian)合(he)年(nian)檢(jian)手(shou)續(xu)，實(shi)行(xing)“一站式”服務


，且在經營期內，企業因投資總額和生產經營規模等發生變化而需減少、增加或轉讓注冊資本，或是將其

　　財產權益對外抵押、轉讓

，以及政府商務、財政、工商行政管理、稅shui務wu等deng各ge部bu門men對dui外wai資zi企qi業ye實shi行xing聯lian合he年nian檢jian時shi，應ying提ti高gao行xing政zheng機ji關guan審shen批pi和he辦ban理li的de效xiao率lv和he透tou明ming度du
，盡jin可ke能neng地di簡jian化hua辦ban理li手shou續xu，減jian少shao企qi業ye支zhi付fu行xing政zheng審shen批pi和he年nian檢jian的de成cheng本ben。再zai次ci，改gai變bian以yi往wang外wai商shang投tou資zi企qi業ye因yin經jing營ying期qi限xian滿man而er終zhong止zhi經jing營ying的de“一刀切”banfa，duiyuwaishangzaibenguotouzixiandaixianjinqiye，caiyongleisiyuneiziqiyedezhongzhijingyingdebanfa，kexianyouqiyepinyongqingsuanjigouchujujuyoufalvxiaoyingdeqingsuanbaogao，zaibaoshenpijiguanshenhe，shixianneiwaiziqiyezaishenpishouxushangdengtongduidai。

　　disi，jianquanchanquanbaohuzhidu，jiangdiqiyeshengchanyujingyingzhongdebuquedingxing。weileyouxiaoyindaoguojixianjinchanyeyouxuxiangbenguozhuanyi

，womenjiyaojiadazhishichanquanbaohuzhidudechuangxinlidu
，youyaonulitigaorenlizibenchanquandebaohushuiping。duiyuzhishichanquanbaohuzhidudechuangxin，yifangmian

，yingnuliwanshanzhishichanquanbaohufalv
，zhubufugaidangqianfalvtiaowensuobunenghangaidemangqu，bingyijuxingyehuoshengchanhuanjieduizhishichanquandeminganchengdubutong，shishidizhidingxiangguandezhishichanquanbaohufagui;lingyifangmian

，yingzengqiangzhishichanquandezhifalidu
，jiadaduiqinfanzhishichanquandechengfalidu
，tigaozhishichanquanqinquandechengben。duiyurenlizibenchanquanbaohu，shouxianyingshishidixiudingyuwanshan《勞動法》
、《合同法》、《公司法》、《勞動合同法》等相關法律，消除這些法律法規中相互衝突的規則，加強法律之間的相互銜接與協調
；qici，tongguojiadaxiangguanfalvfaguidezhixingliduhetuokuanfugaimian
，quebaorenlizibenjiaoyishuangfangzaipingdenghulideqiantixia

，wanshanrenlizibenchanquandejiaoyichengxu，jianshaorenlizibenjiaoyidebuquedingxing;再zai次ci
，大da力li發fa展zhan人ren力li資zi本ben市shi場chang和he建jian立li人ren力li資zi本ben市shi場chang交jiao易yi製zhi度du，擴kuo大da資zi本ben信xin息xi交jiao流liu渠qu道dao，提ti高gao人ren力li資zi本ben信xin息xi共gong享xiang水shui平ping，降jiang低di企qi業ye獲huo取qu人ren力li資zi本ben的de信xin息xi成cheng本ben，發fa揮hui反fan映ying人ren力li資zi本ben價jia值zhi的de市shi場chang機ji製zhi，保bao障zhang人ren力li資zi本ben產chan權quan，防fang止zhi人ren力li資zi本ben產chan權quan交jiao易yi“事前”和“事後”的機會主義行為
，提高人力資本的利用效率。（作者 林長華 楊晶晶 單位：北京大學、湖南大學）