自zi鴉ya片pian戰zhan爭zheng以yi後hou
，中zhong國guo就jiu開kai始shi了le由you傳chuan統tong農nong業ye社she會hui向xiang現xian代dai工gong業ye社she會hui的de轉zhuan型xing，改gai革ge開kai放fang以yi來lai這zhe個ge轉zhuan型xing過guo程cheng進jin入ru了le加jia速su期qi。我wo國guo的de社she會hui轉zhuan型xing與yu其qi他ta國guo家jia從cong農nong業ye社she會hui向xiang工gong業ye社she會hui的de變bian遷qian相xiang比bi，雖sui然ran存cun在zai著zhe許xu多duo共gong性xing的de東dong西xi，比如說都是工業化、chengshihuadeguocheng，doushirendeshengcunfangshiyouzizaizhuangtaixiangzijiaozhuangtaidezhuanbian，danyouyuwoguonongyewenmingdeyuanyuanliuchang
，yijijintianzhuanxingsuochudeguojihuanjingdebianhua，shidangjinzhongguodeshehuizhuanxingbiaoxianchuxuduoduyoudetedian。
   轉型過程漫長。中國的農業文明非常發達，傳統文化源遠流長，對整個社會的發展有著深遠的影響，對人們的思想觀念、shenghuofangshiyouzheqiangdadeyingxiang。yinci，xiandaigongyeshehuiqudaichuantongnongyeshehuideguochengnanyizaiduanshijianneiwancheng。tongshi
，youyuzhongguoshishijieshangrenkouzuiduodeguojia，zaizheyangyigepangdajingjishehuitizhongshixianshehuizhuanxingshiyigezhanxindelishiketi，jimeiyouxianchengdelishijingyan
、也(ye)沒(mei)有(you)其(qi)他(ta)國(guo)家(jia)的(de)成(cheng)功(gong)實(shi)踐(jian)可(ke)供(gong)借(jie)鑒(jian)
，完(wan)全(quan)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)獨(du)自(zi)探(tan)索(suo)的(de)課(ke)題(ti)。這(zhe)樣(yang)，一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)
，傳(chuan)統(tong)農(nong)業(ye)社(she)會(hui)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)根(gen)深(shen)蒂(di)固(gu)
，需(xu)要(yao)較(jiao)長(chang)的(de)時(shi)間(jian)才(cai)能(neng)轉(zhuan)換(huan)
；另ling一yi方fang麵mian，當dang今jin中zhong國guo的de社she會hui轉zhuan型xing又you是shi一yi個ge前qian所suo未wei有you的de新xin課ke題ti，需xu要yao較jiao長chang的de時shi間jian去qu探tan索suo，這zhe兩liang方fang麵mian的de因yin素su決jue定ding了le這zhe是shi一yi個ge漫man長chang的de過guo程cheng，不bu可ke能neng一yi蹴cu而er就jiu。
   轉型過程複雜。中國社會的轉型是在已實現了現代化的西方社會遭遇深刻危機、chuxianyixiliebiduanzhihoukaishide，ruheyangqichangerbiqiduanshiyigefuzadeketi。zhekeyishidangdaizhongguodeshehuizhuanxingshaozouwanlu
，danyeshizheyiguochenggengjiafuza。keyishuo
，dangzhongguoshehuihaimeiyouwanquanxiangshoudaoxiandaihuajijichengguodeshihou，xifangjiuyijingkaishileduixiandaihuadequanmianerjianruidepiping
，youqishihouxiandaizhuyigengshizhuzhangpaoqixiandaixing，yibimianrenleidehuimie。zhezhongshidaideluochashiwoguoshixianxiandaihuadejingyugengjiafuzahua。
   轉zhuan型xing中zhong矛mao盾dun尖jian銳rui。西xi方fang現xian代dai社she會hui開kai始shi於yu資zi本ben主zhu義yi的de原yuan始shi積ji累lei
，西xi方fang傳chuan統tong文wen明ming與yu現xian代dai文wen明ming的de衝chong突tu是shi相xiang對dui平ping緩huan地di進jin行xing的de。而er中zhong國guo的de社she會hui轉zhuan型xing最zui初chu是shi外wai源yuan式shi的de
，是shi在zai外wai來lai侵qin略lve者zhe的de堅jian船chuan利li炮pao下xia啟qi動dong的de
，它ta不bu僅jin無wu法fa像xiang西xi方fang國guo家jia那na樣yang從cong殖zhi民min擴kuo張zhang中zhong獲huo得de原yuan始shi資zi本ben積ji累lei，相xiang反fan自zi己ji就jiu是shi西xi方fang殖zhi民min擴kuo張zhang的de對dui象xiang。由you此ci形xing成cheng了le民min族zu矛mao盾dun
、階級矛盾在社會轉型過程中相互交織的狀態。這種情況必然影響當代中國社會轉型的進程。
   轉型所處的國際環境複雜多變。當代中國的社會轉型是在複雜的國際環境中進行的。20世紀80年代末90年代初，東歐劇變、sulianjieti
，shijieshehuizhuyizaoyuyanzhongcuozhe。zhejiujuedingledangjinzhongguodeshehuizhuanxingshizaigengweifuzaduobiandeguojigejuzhongtuijinde，guojigejudebuquedingxingzengjialezhuanxingdenandu。yinci，yanjiudangdaizhongguodeshehuizhuanxing，yidingyaobaduobiandeguojihuanjingkaolvjinlai，renshidaoyoucidailaideyingxiang。dangdaizhongguoshehuizhuanxingdejianjuxinghaibiaoxianzaitashizaijingjiquanqiuhuadebeijingxiatuijinde。shijiegeguohediqujingjidexianghuyingxiangyuzhiyuecongweiruciqianglie，gegeguojia、民min族zu的de政zheng治zhi文wen化hua也ye相xiang互hu影ying響xiang，任ren何he國guo家jia和he民min族zu都dou不bu可ke能neng孤gu立li地di求qiu得de生sheng存cun和he發fa展zhan。這zhe種zhong情qing況kuang對dui後hou發fa展zhan國guo家jia的de製zhi約yue作zuo用yong更geng加jia明ming顯xian

，這zhe也ye直zhi接jie形xing成cheng了le當dang代dai中zhong國guo社she會hui轉zhuan型xing中zhong的de機ji遇yu與yu挑tiao戰zhan。