http://www.kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-09 15:11:06 來源:經濟日報
在(zai)瑞(rui)士(shi),一(yi)個(ge)以(yi)自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)和(he)機(ji)器(qi)人(ren)普(pu)及(ji)為(wei)特(te)征(zheng)的(de)新(xin)時(shi)代(dai)正(zheng)在(zai)來(lai)臨(lin)。隨(sui)著(zhe)第(di)四(si)次(ci)工(gong)業(ye)革(ge)命(ming)深(shen)入(ru)發(fa)展(zhan),在(zai)瑞(rui)士(shi)經(jing)濟(ji)領(ling)域(yu)中(zhong),自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)替(ti)代(dai)勞(lao)動(dong)力(li)的(de)趨(qu)勢(shi)正(zheng)在(zai)不(bu)斷(duan)增(zeng)強(qiang),社(she)會(hui)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)“機器化”似乎不再遙遠。
2015年的1月份可謂是瑞士經濟的一個轉折點,當時瑞士央行被迫宣布取消1歐元兌1.20瑞士法郎的彙率下限政策,瑞郎彙率隨之在短時間內升值超過30%,此(ci)後(hou)一(yi)直(zhi)維(wei)持(chi)強(qiang)勢(shi)。由(you)於(yu)瑞(rui)士(shi)本(ben)土(tu)市(shi)場(chang)規(gui)模(mo)有(you)限(xian),經(jing)濟(ji)高(gao)度(du)依(yi)賴(lai)出(chu)口(kou),瑞(rui)郎(lang)升(sheng)值(zhi)對(dui)宏(hong)觀(guan)經(jing)濟(ji)的(de)消(xiao)極(ji)影(ying)響(xiang)持(chi)續(xu)發(fa)酵(jiao),瑞(rui)士(shi)出(chu)口(kou)產(chan)業(ye)在(zai)全(quan)球(qiu)市(shi)場(chang)尤(you)其(qi)是(shi)歐(ou)洲(zhou)市(shi)場(chang)的(de)競(jing)爭(zheng)領(ling)先(xian)優(you)勢(shi)逐(zhu)漸(jian)縮(suo)小(xiao)。
zhenduizheyiyanjuntiaozhan,benjiuchengshouzhegaoerengongchengbenyalideruishiqiyekaishijixiwangyujishuchuangxin,tebieshixiwangzidonghuahejiqirenkeyizhuqiniuzhuanqiankun。ruishiguzhuxiehuifayanrenhansaqiaogen·施密德說:“高昂的薪酬和堅挺的瑞郎都不利於瑞士工業的發展,但工業4.0有助於抵消這些負麵因素。”根據世界經濟論壇發布的《全球競爭力報告》,瑞士已連續8年位列榜首,強大的科技創新能力被認為是瑞士長期保持競爭力排名領先地位的關鍵因素。施密德說:“瑞士擁有技能高超的勞動力、出色的科研和教育體係。開發這項高精尖技術,瑞士是準備最充分的國家之一。”
在瑞士企業看來,機器人可以與人類並肩工作:傳感器可以甄別生產線上的潛在問題,智能軟件可以協調生產、裝配、物流以及訂購新原料等各個操作步驟……瑞rui士shi期qi望wang通tong過guo技ji術shu創chuang新xin,讓rang機ji器qi人ren取qu代dai很hen多duo傳chuan統tong勞lao動dong密mi集ji型xing行xing業ye的de崗gang位wei,更geng希xi望wang可ke以yi在zai其qi他ta領ling域yu創chuang造zao安an全quan且qie有you價jia值zhi的de新xin就jiu業ye機ji會hui,比bi如ru編bian程cheng領ling域yu和he機ji器qi人ren維wei修xiu領ling域yu。瑞rui士shi聯lian邦bang統tong計ji局ju的de數shu據ju顯xian示shi,近jin15年來,瑞士服務業數字化和管理工作的自動化,已縮減了逾18萬個行政崗位。同一時期,知識與科技型職業的工作崗位數量則翻了不止一番,增加61.4萬個工作崗位,目前已占工作崗位總數的四分之一多。
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jiuchuangxineryan,zhengfuzaichuangxinlianqianduantouzinengfahuigengdadezuoyong。ruishizhengfujishirenshidaolezheyidian,zaiqianduanjiangchuangxinxiangshichangsuoxudefangxiangyindao,jianliledatongchanyehekeyangoutongyuziyouliudongdepingtai。shijianzhengming,zhezhongfangshibidanchundebutieqiyehuozhejianshuixiaoguogenghao。zheduiyuruishidetilianglaishuo,yekeyibijiaorongyidijiangquanguosuoyouxiangguanziyuanjizhongqilai,jianliqikaifangdechuizhichuangxinwangluo。duiqiyelaishuo,shouxianyushangyejingzheng,zhishifenxiangkenenggengweikunnan,danruishizhengfuzaizhefangmiannengfahuigengduoyoushi。
shijiejingjiluntanyuce,dangqianxiaoxueshengzhongyousanfenzhierweilaihuicongshirujinshangbucunzaidezhiye。kejian,wulunshiduiyuyouhuaruishigongyegejuhaishiduiyucujinjiuye,dangqianzhebozidonghualangchaodoukeyishuoshiqiafengqishi。