http://www.kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-07 20:29:22 來源:中國自動化學會專家谘詢工作委員會
編者按:2007年,中國城市生機勃勃、風(feng)采(cai)各(ge)異(yi)。為(wei)加(jia)深(shen)廣(guang)大(da)網(wang)友(you)對(dui)城(cheng)市(shi)營(ying)銷(xiao)的(de)理(li)解(jie)與(yu)認(ren)識(shi),新(xin)浪(lang)網(wang)城(cheng)市(shi)頻(pin)道(dao)特(te)邀(yao)幾(ji)位(wei)城(cheng)市(shi)營(ying)銷(xiao)專(zhuan)家(jia)就(jiu)網(wang)友(you)關(guan)注(zhu)的(de)話(hua)題(ti)進(jin)行(xing)了(le)扼(e)要(yao)地(di)解(jie)答(da),您(nin)可(ke)從(cong)中(zhong)了(le)解(jie)中(zhong)國(guo)城(cheng)市(shi)營(ying)銷(xiao)的(de)現(xian)狀(zhuang)與(yu)解(jie)決(jue)方(fang)案(an)。
備注:一些城市品牌定位、節慶活動都存在重複的現象,有人說是由於城市之間資源本身大同小異造成的,我們應該如何正確看待這種雷同?
劉彥平:資源的同質化是表麵的現象,城市定位雷同是戰略思維和專業技術出了問題的表現。城市資源有有形和無形的。無形的包括文化遺產、文化傳統,過去的經驗與現在的能力。市民、企業、shetuandoushuyunenglideziyuan,zheshibukenengyiyangde。ruguobazhexiedouzuoweiziyuanyishilaiduidaidehua,chengshiziyuanshibidouyouqidudaodehexinyoushi,tebieshichengshifazhanyuanjingheguihuadoucunzaixiangdangdebutong。yinci,chengshiyingjiangziyuanyishifangda,chongfenfajuegefangmiandeyoushi,tebieshiwenhuadeyoushi,zaijiazhiwangluozhongxunzhaoyigedeqiadangdeweizhi。(注:本段文字根據電話采訪整理,未經劉彥平本人審核。)
呂誌墉:城cheng市shi的de同tong質zhi化hua這zhe本ben身shen是shi一yi個ge很hen難nan走zou出chu的de悖bei論lun,因yin為wei中zhong國guo大da部bu分fen中zhong小xiao城cheng市shi毫hao無wu特te點dian,這zhe是shi城cheng市shi規gui劃hua所suo留liu下xia來lai的de缺que陷xian。而er中zhong國guo古gu代dai中zhong小xiao城cheng市shi卻que都dou是shi有you鮮xian明ming特te點dian的de,所suo以yi,這zhe個ge問wen題ti很hen難nan解jie決jue。唯wei一yi的de希xi望wang就jiu是shi城cheng市shi必bi須xu花hua很hen大da的de氣qi力li塑su造zao城cheng市shi的de文wen化hua靈ling魂hun和he獨du特te的de人ren文wen氣qi質zhi,突tu破po形xing而er上shang的de節jie慶qing活huo動dong策ce劃hua理li念nian。毛mao主zhu席xi說shuo過guo:隻zhi有you人ren民min才cai是shi創chuang造zao曆li史shi的de主zhu人ren,而er許xu多duo城cheng市shi的de節jie慶qing活huo動dong,人ren民min卻que成cheng了le旁pang觀guan者zhe,這zhe是shi問wen題ti的de根gen本ben。城cheng市shi文wen化hua是shi市shi民min的de文wen化hua,隻zhi有you整zheng個ge城cheng市shi的de市shi民min浸jin染ran在zai這zhe種zhong文wen化hua張zhang力li中zhong,城cheng市shi的de魅mei力li才cai會hui真zhen正zheng綻zhan放fang出chu光guang彩cai。所suo以yi,隻zhi有you本ben地di市shi民min文wen化hua產chan業ye得de到dao發fa展zhan,才cai能neng形xing成cheng輻fu射she海hai內nei外wai的de城cheng市shi影ying響xiang力li。
許峰:我認為一是要挖掘問題的要害。成熟的城市營銷所提供的核心利益都是相同的,如果城市資源本身又存在同質化,那麼出現很多“重複”deyingxiaohuodongheshijianshijiaoweichangjiande,erqieyoushichengshiyingxiaoguochengdexiangsiyehaishiyizhongyoushi,yinweishouzhongzaimoshengdedifangjiandaoshuxidefenweiyehuianxinde。zhidezhuyideshi,yingxiaoguochenghuozheyingxiaoneirongwanquanyiyangdaobushiwenti,danruguolvyouzhehuozhetouzizheyaoshirenweizhexiechengshihaowugexing、缺乏時尚、品質低劣的時候就要另當別論了。
二是要提煉核心價值形成競爭力。市場營銷理論最首要的原則是:人(ren)們(men)購(gou)買(mai)的(de)是(shi)利(li)益(yi)而(er)不(bu)僅(jin)僅(jin)是(shi)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)某(mou)些(xie)特(te)征(zheng)。城(cheng)市(shi)眾(zhong)多(duo)營(ying)銷(xiao)組(zu)合(he)最(zui)終(zhong)是(shi)要(yao)為(wei)旅(lv)遊(you)者(zhe)與(yu)投(tou)資(zi)者(zhe)實(shi)現(xian)心(xin)理(li)滿(man)足(zu)的(de)利(li)益(yi)訴(su)求(qiu)提(ti)供(gong)核(he)心(xin)價(jia)值(zhi),城(cheng)市(shi)的(de)核(he)心(xin)價(jia)值(zhi)有(you)無(wu)吸(xi)引(yin)力(li)最(zui)為(wei)重(zhong)要(yao),至(zhi)於(yu)是(shi)哪(na)一(yi)個(ge)城(cheng)市(shi)則(ze)不(bu)重(zhong)要(yao)。城(cheng)市(shi)的(de)核(he)心(xin)價(jia)值(zhi)在(zai)一(yi)定(ding)階(jie)段(duan)內(nei)是(shi)應(ying)當(dang)穩(wen)定(ding)的(de),因(yin)為(wei)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)產(chan)品(pin)在(zai)生(sheng)命(ming)周(zhou)期(qi)的(de)衰(shuai)退(tui)階(jie)段(duan)可(ke)以(yi)停(ting)止(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)或(huo)重(zhong)新(xin)設(she)計(ji)、zhongxintouchan,danzheduiyuduoyuanjingjichangqironghedechengshieryanshinanyizuodaode。ruguopinpaidingweihejieqinghuodongnenggoufanyingchuchengshidehexinjiazhi,yaosudexitongzhenghe、構件的多元聯係和信息的對稱傳遞實現了,即使出現外在形式的重複也問題不大。例如旅遊度假城市營銷的海灘、安全的水域、溫暖的氣候、宜人的飯店、散布的酒吧夜總會、購物商店和禮品店……kaifataoludoushijidingde,guanjianzaiyunidechengshiyouwubashangshufensandezaititongyizaihexinjiazhizhixia。yinci,chengshiyingxiaoxuanchuanshidiliweizhishizuibuzhongyaode,qianghuadeshichengshipinpaixingxiang、產業服務品質,並不會落足於某一個具體的所在。
三是實施三大手段要突破同質化之困。三大手段:修正消費者組合、實施品牌定位、改造營銷組合。
首先開發新市場、新xin需xu求qiu,不bu能neng夠gou僅jin僅jin簡jian單dan的de替ti換huan,要yao發fa現xian潛qian在zai新xin市shi場chang的de不bu同tong以yi往wang的de水shui準zhun,並bing借jie此ci投tou資zi新xin產chan品pin,例li如ru海hai濱bin目mu的de地di旅lv遊you產chan品pin市shi場chang細xi分fen可ke以yi聚ju焦jiao於yu陽yang光guang與yu沙sha灘tan旅lv遊you、退休者的旅遊、會議旅遊、生活方式及文化旅遊、體育運動與探險旅遊、保健與健身旅遊等不同角度;
其(qi)次(ci),在(zai)城(cheng)市(shi)核(he)心(xin)價(jia)值(zhi)的(de)支(zhi)撐(cheng)下(xia),利(li)用(yong)城(cheng)市(shi)品(pin)牌(pai)定(ding)位(wei)整(zheng)合(he)產(chan)品(pin)與(yu)服(fu)務(wu),實(shi)現(xian)價(jia)值(zhi)與(yu)載(zai)體(ti)的(de)統(tong)一(yi),將(jiang)載(zai)體(ti)的(de)同(tong)質(zhi)化(hua)矛(mao)盾(dun)交(jiao)由(you)品(pin)牌(pai)係(xi)統(tong)來(lai)梳(shu)理(li);
最zui後hou,貫guan徹che營ying銷xiao組zu合he的de全quan要yao素su配pei套tao完wan善shan,實shi現xian產chan品pin質zhi量liang升sheng級ji和he過guo程cheng體ti係xi創chuang新xin,改gai善shan環huan境jing與yu基ji礎chu設she施shi,提ti高gao服fu務wu方fang式shi與yu水shui平ping,利li用yong國guo家jia促cu進jin性xing策ce略lve和he新xin聞wen媒mei介jie宣xuan傳chuan策ce略lve等deng促cu銷xiao新xin形xing象xiang。
耿一年:城市品牌定位一旦確立,一切活動的開展都要圍繞這個“中心”進行,城市資源可能存在同質化,但人的思維不能同質化,一個好的城市領導,要會用戰略性的眼光去為這個城市尋求“突圍”之路。這好比兩個將軍,帶領有著同樣裝備、tongyangduiwurenshudeliangzhibudui,zaijuezhanzhong,yifangyaoxiangqudeshengli,jiubixuyoubiduifanggaochaodezhihuizhanshu。xianzaihenduochengshidouzaijubangezhongzhutidewenhuajieri,shenzhiyoudechengshiyinianjubanjigewenhuajie,zheqishishiyizhonglangfei,jiranjubanwenhuajiedemudeshikuodachengshidezhimingdu,weishenmebunengzaiyicidewenhuajiezhongjiangsuoyouxiangyaobiaodahuozhanshigeishirendedongxiquanbutuichune?zhezhongzangzheyezhedezuofa,chulejubanzheyouzhebukegaorendemudewai,woshizaixiangbuchugenghelidejieshi。
由(you)於(yu)中(zhong)華(hua)文(wen)化(hua)有(you)著(zhe)相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)根(gen)脈(mai),地(di)域(yu)上(shang)的(de)差(cha)別(bie)並(bing)不(bu)足(zu)以(yi)讓(rang)一(yi)種(zhong)文(wen)化(hua)有(you)完(wan)全(quan)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)表(biao)現(xian)形(xing)式(shi),因(yin)此(ci),很(hen)多(duo)地(di)方(fang)舉(ju)辦(ban)的(de)同(tong)一(yi)主(zhu)題(ti)的(de)文(wen)化(hua)節(jie),讓(rang)人(ren)覺(jiao)得(de)雷(lei)同(tong)就(jiu)不(bu)足(zu)為(wei)怪(guai)了(le)。比(bi)如(ru),關(guan)於(yu)龍(long)文(wen)化(hua)節(jie),目(mu)前(qian)能(neng)從(cong)的(de)媒(mei)體(ti)報(bao)道(dao)中(zhong)看(kan)到(dao)的(de),全(quan)國(guo)就(jiu)有(you)五(wu)個(ge)城(cheng)市(shi)在(zai)舉(ju)辦(ban),這(zhe)種(zhong)活(huo)動(dong)高(gao)度(du)同(tong)質(zhi)化(hua)的(de)結(jie)果(guo)就(jiu)是(shi)讓(rang)人(ren)產(chan)生(sheng)“審美疲勞”,直至漠不關心,除了滿足當地人的自娛自樂外,對這個城市的品牌塑造和城市經濟發展,並起不到太大的積極作用。但如果將這“五個城市”的de活huo動dong統tong一yi一yi下xia,一yi起qi對dui外wai宣xuan傳chuan,一yi起qi在zai活huo動dong中zhong對dui推tui介jie相xiang關guan城cheng市shi的de品pin牌pai,做zuo到dao你ni中zhong有you我wo,我wo中zhong有you你ni,我wo想xiang效xiao果guo會hui更geng好hao,舉ju辦ban者zhe將jiang各ge種zhong所suo要yao向xiang外wai推tui介jie的de東dong西xi打da包bao合he力li推tui出chu,即ji節jie省sheng財cai力li、人力,也更能產生一種強大的品牌衝擊力,對關注此類主題活動的組織和個人來說,也省了天天疲憊於對此類活動的關注。
盧曉:我認為還是要充分挖掘當地的文化,花力氣尋找與眾不同的元素才能脫穎而出。
付寶華: zhongguochengshipinpaiyingxiaodeyigemangquyuwuqushibafeizhutiyingxiaodegainianyingtaozaiyouzhutidechengshishang。feizhutiyingxiaojiushizhenduiwuzhutichengshijishijieshangnamejigeguojihuadadoushi——紐約、倫敦、法蘭克福、東京、香(xiang)港(gang)的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)營(ying)銷(xiao)手(shou)段(duan),這(zhe)些(xie)國(guo)際(ji)化(hua)大(da)都(dou)市(shi)因(yin)為(wei)沒(mei)有(you)鮮(xian)明(ming)的(de)特(te)色(se)和(he)主(zhu)題(ti),所(suo)以(yi)在(zai)營(ying)銷(xiao)上(shang)必(bi)須(xu)找(zhao)一(yi)個(ge)抽(chou)象(xiang)的(de)概(gai)念(nian)附(fu)著(zhe)在(zai)城(cheng)市(shi)上(shang),以(yi)此(ci)作(zuo)為(wei)一(yi)種(zhong)營(ying)銷(xiao)的(de)手(shou)段(duan)來(lai)營(ying)銷(xiao)城(cheng)市(shi)。所(suo)謂(wei)的(de)活(huo)力(li)、魅力、動感、氣質、品質、xianfengdengyingxiaogainian,shiweizhexiechengshiyingxiaosuotaoyongde。ershijieshangchulenamejigewuzhutideguojihuadadoushiwai,juedaduoshuchengshidoushiyouxianmingtesehezhutide。suoyiyongfeizhutipinpaiyingxiaoshouduanlaiyingxiaoyouzhutichengshidepinpaiyingxiaofangfa,shiyizhongpinpaiyingxiaogainianshangdeyanzhongcuowei。eryoutesedechengshi、有(you)主(zhu)題(ti)的(de)城(cheng)市(shi)在(zai)套(tao)用(yong)這(zhe)些(xie)無(wu)主(zhu)題(ti)城(cheng)市(shi)品(pin)牌(pai)營(ying)銷(xiao)概(gai)念(nian),不(bu)僅(jin)使(shi)城(cheng)市(shi)非(fei)但(dan)沒(mei)有(you)把(ba)品(pin)牌(pai)營(ying)銷(xiao)出(chu)去(qu),反(fan)而(er)給(gei)城(cheng)市(shi)品(pin)牌(pai)營(ying)銷(xiao)帶(dai)來(lai)一(yi)係(xi)列(lie)弊(bi)端(duan)。不(bu)但(dan)沒(mei)有(you)強(qiang)化(hua)城(cheng)市(shi)主(zhu)題(ti)在(zai)人(ren)們(men)心(xin)目(mu)中(zhong)的(de)印(yin)象(xiang),反(fan)而(er)扼(e)殺(sha)了(le)城(cheng)市(shi)主(zhu)題(ti)在(zai)人(ren)們(men)心(xin)目(mu)中(zhong)的(de)印(yin)象(xiang),這(zhe)種(zhong)無(wu)主(zhu)題(ti)品(pin)牌(pai)營(ying)銷(xiao)對(dui)城(cheng)市(shi)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)破(po)壞(huai)性(xing)作(zuo)用(yong)將(jiang)是(shi)災(zai)難(nan)性(xing)的(de)。
來源:新浪城市