荷蘭新款機器人可像人一樣直立行走
http://www.kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-20 11:51:57 來源:中華機械網
北京時間5月26日ri消xiao息xi,據ju國guo外wai媒mei體ti報bao道dao,荷he蘭lan的de科ke學xue家jia日ri前qian稱cheng,他ta們men最zui近jin成cheng功gong地di研yan製zhi出chu一yi款kuan新xin型xing機ji器qi人ren。與yu眾zhong不bu同tong的de是shi,這zhe款kuan機ji器qi人ren可ke以yi像xiang人ren類lei一yi樣yang直zhi立li行xing走zou,無wu論lun是shi行xing走zou的de姿zi態tai還hai每mei一yi步bu伐fa的de距ju離li,都dou幾ji乎hu與yu人ren類lei完wan全quan一yi樣yang。教會機器人起立行走是一件非常複雜的事情。行走機器人出現於20世紀70年代,其應用領域大致可以分為兩類。第一類源自工業機器人界,在這裏所有活動都按固定的程序進行,其主要局限性在於成本太高、能neng耗hao過guo大da且qie靈ling活huo度du不bu夠gou高gao。在zai依yi據ju人ren類lei行xing走zou設she計ji行xing走zou機ji器qi人ren領ling域yu,荷he蘭lan代dai夫fu爾er特te理li工gong大da學xue一yi直zhi是shi處chu於yu先xian鋒feng地di位wei,其qi應ying用yong策ce略lve為wei更geng靈ling活huo和he節jie能neng的de人ren類lei行xing走zou。代dai夫fu爾er特te理li工gong大da學xue的de博bo士shi生sheng達da安an-霍伯倫首次論證了,“向前倒”是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)調(tiao)節(jie)平(ping)衡(heng)的(de)行(xing)為(wei),機(ji)器(qi)人(ren)可(ke)以(yi)同(tong)時(shi)實(shi)現(xian)高(gao)能(neng)效(xiao)和(he)高(gao)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)。他(ta)的(de)突(tu)破(po)性(xing)成(cheng)就(jiu)在(zai)於(yu),首(shou)次(ci)發(fa)明(ming)了(le)一(yi)個(ge)有(you)效(xiao)測(ce)量(liang)人(ren)類(lei)行(xing)走(zou)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)的(de)恰(qia)當(dang)方(fang)法(fa),因(yin)為(wei)傳(chuan)統(tong)的(de)觀(guan)點(dian)認(ren)為(wei)“向前倒”是一種不穩定的運動。接下來,他構建了一個新機器人“弗萊姆”,並用它來展示改進的性能。 “弗萊姆”由7個電動機和1個平衡機件組成,在許多算法的操控下保持了高水平的穩定平衡。例如,“弗萊姆”可以應用平衡機件提供的信息,將兩腳距離分開略遠以防止可能的摔倒。霍伯倫表示,“弗萊姆”是(shi)世(shi)界(jie)上(shang)最(zui)先(xian)進(jin)的(de)行(xing)走(zou)機(ji)器(qi)人(ren),至(zhi)少(shao)是(shi)應(ying)用(yong)人(ren)類(lei)行(xing)走(zou)作(zuo)為(wei)起(qi)動(dong)原(yuan)理(li)的(de)機(ji)器(qi)人(ren)範(fan)疇(chou)中(zhong)的(de)佼(jiao)佼(jiao)者(zhe)。研(yan)究(jiu)人(ren)員(yuan)們(men)運(yun)用(yong)行(xing)走(zou)過(guo)程(cheng)建(jian)模(mo)製(zhi)造(zao)了(le)行(xing)走(zou)更(geng)自(zi)然(ran)的(de)兩(liang)條(tiao)腿(tui)的(de)機(ji)器(qi)人(ren)。
對行走過程的深入了解將有助於人們通過改良的診斷、xunlianhekangfuqixiedenglaijiejuexuduoxingzoukunnan。helandaierfutedaxuezhengyuemusitedanziyoudaxuedeyundongkexuejiamenyitong,zhiliyuzhegelingyudeyanjiu。huobolunnahuaiguanjiejulegelizi:踝關節是一種彈簧類型,代表了最高的彈性水平,因此霍伯倫對“弗萊姆”的踝關節所做的研究為運動科學家們提供了對行走過程的進一步了解。 zaiciqianjinxingdeshiyanzhong,zhekuanjiqirenzongshihuizaixingzouguochengshibuduandiedao,tazaizhilixingzoushihuishaoshaoqianqing,bufahuigengduanyixie。zhezhongjiqirendeguanjianbufenzaiyuqi“大腦”,tadehongwaiyanhekongzhidianluxianglian,kongzhidianluhuizaixuyaodeshihouyindaotagaibianbufa。ciqiandeyanjiuxianshi,rentineidedonglikongzhixitongbaohanleduogecengji,jirouhejisuizhijiandejiaohuzuoyongzhuyaoqujueyuqibenshen,zhizhixuyaodanaolaijinxinggenggaojibiedekongzhi。zheyiguanxikeyijieshiweishenmeyouxietanhuanhuanzhezaicaijiaotacheshituikeyidong,quewufazhanliqilaixingzou。zheyeshitamenyanjiudehexinzhichu。tahaizhichu,tongguoyanjiujiqirenlaijinyibulejierentigegebutongbufenruhezaixingzoushihuxiangxiezuo,duiyugaijinrentiweishengbaojianyouzheshizhixingdezuoyong。tabujinnengrangrenmenshejichugenghaodejiazhixiubufangfa,hainengbangzhulinchuangyixuezhuanjiahebingrenqixinxielizhiliaobingrendejisuiheqitazhongbing,shizhizhongxinhuifuyundongnengli。 荷he蘭lan科ke學xue家jia表biao示shi,他ta們men研yan究jiu的de目mu標biao不bu僅jin僅jin是shi為wei了le推tui進jin機ji器qi人ren技ji術shu,還hai旨zhi在zai進jin一yi步bu了le解jie步bu行xing力li學xue,然ran後hou將jiang其qi應ying用yong於yu人ren類lei的de修xiu複fu術shu和he彌mi補bu術shu,甚shen至zhi於yu改gai進jin運yun動dong性xing能neng。目mu前qian的de實shi驗yan室shi已yi經jing組zu建jian過guo許xu多duo不bu同tong設she計ji的de行xing走zou機ji器qi人ren,其qi中zhong包bao括kuo一yi個ge擁yong有you靈ling活huo膝xi蓋gai的de機ji器qi人ren模mo型xing,它ta可ke以yi準zhun確que模mo仿fang人ren的de行xing走zou,其qi每mei單dan位wei重zhong量liang和he距ju離li消xiao耗hao的de能neng量liang媲pi美mei人ren類lei步bu行xing者zhe。