http://www.kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-07 09:21:57 來源:中國電氣自動化網
編者語:“今年是近些年來經濟發展最困難的一年”、“國際經濟形勢複雜多變,國際金融動蕩,全球經濟明顯減速,形勢還可能進一步加劇,這些變化對我國的影響不可低估。”國務院總理溫家寶本月20日ri如ru是shi說shuo。一yi場chang發fa生sheng在zai大da洋yang彼bi岸an的de次ci貸dai風feng暴bao已yi成cheng為wei全quan世shi界jie的de共gong同tong話hua題ti,中zhong國guo到dao底di受shou到dao了le多duo少shao影ying響xiang?中zhong國guo的de工gong控kong行xing業ye是shi否fou受shou到dao了le此ci次ci金jin融rong危wei機ji的de影ying響xiang?
zhongguochukouchanpinzhongdedabufendoushilirunlvbugaodezhizaojiagongpin,zheshidehenduochukouqiyemianlingengdadeshengcunyali。tongshi,meiyuandebuduanbianzhi,yetuidonglegeleidazongshangpinjiagedeshangzhang。wulunshiguojiliangshijiagedafudushangzhang,haishiguojishichangshangshiyou、金屬等產品價格高位運行,都導致我國能源、原yuan材cai料liao購gou進jin價jia格ge居ju高gao不bu下xia。同tong時shi,它ta們men也ye推tui動dong了le國guo內nei相xiang關guan產chan品pin價jia格ge上shang漲zhang,一yi起qi構gou成cheng了le企qi業ye的de現xian實shi成cheng本ben壓ya力li。而er勞lao動dong力li成cheng本ben和he原yuan材cai料liao成cheng本ben的de不bu斷duan上shang升sheng,更geng導dao致zhi大da批pi製zhi造zao企qi業ye的de生sheng產chan經jing營ying麵mian臨lin著zhe困kun境jing,而er這zhe些xie消xiao極ji因yin素su也ye勢shi必bi會hui對dui工gong控kong行xing業ye產chan生sheng影ying響xiang。
jinjiugongkongxingyeeryan,shouxian,youyushengchanyaosuheziyuanjiagededafushangzhangshideweijushangyoudeyuanchangshangchengbendazeng,congeryejiubukenengzhichiqicaiqutongguoshiduderangliyouhuiyizengjiahuoweichishichangzhanyoulvdecelve,shenzhi,yuanchangshangjianghuitongguobuduantigaogonghuojiayijianshaoqizishenxiaoshoulirundesunshihuozhishaoweichiyuanyouzhilirunbuhuixiajiang,ertongshiweijuxiayoudezuizhongkehuyeyinweitongyangdeyuanyinbeipojiangjiaxiaoshou,zheshangxiayijia,jiubazhongjiandelirunkongjianjishengcunkongjianjidesuoshengwuji;其(qi)次(ci),隨(sui)著(zhe)宏(hong)觀(guan)調(tiao)控(kong)帶(dai)來(lai)的(de)緊(jin)縮(suo)貨(huo)幣(bi)政(zheng)策(ce),導(dao)致(zhi)了(le)市(shi)場(chang)資(zi)金(jin)供(gong)給(gei)量(liang)的(de)大(da)幅(fu)下(xia)降(jiang)和(he)資(zi)金(jin)成(cheng)本(ben)的(de)大(da)幅(fu)飆(biao)升(sheng),這(zhe)已(yi)經(jing)不(bu)單(dan)單(dan)是(shi)擠(ji)壓(ya)企(qi)業(ye)利(li)潤(run)空(kong)間(jian)的(de)問(wen)題(ti),更(geng)加(jia)上(shang)升(sheng)到(dao)了(le)危(wei)及(ji)企(qi)業(ye)生(sheng)存(cun)安(an)全(quan)的(de)高(gao)度(du)。相(xiang)當(dang)數(shu)量(liang)的(de)希(xi)望(wang)在(zai)此(ci)環(huan)境(jing)中(zhong)生(sheng)存(cun)下(xia)來(lai)的(de)製(zhi)造(zao)企(qi)業(ye)都(dou)不(bu)得(de)不(bu)想(xiang)辦(ban)法(fa)壓(ya)縮(suo)應(ying)收(shou)賬(zhang)款(kuan),適(shi)量(liang)擴(kuo)大(da)應(ying)付(fu)賬(zhang)款(kuan),最(zui)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)是(shi),隨(sui)著(zhe)緊(jin)接(jie)著(zhe)全(quan)球(qiu)通(tong)脹(zhang)而(er)來(lai)的(de)全(quan)球(qiu)經(jing)濟(ji)衰(shuai)退(tui)初(chu)現(xian)端(duan)倪(ni),相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)全(quan)球(qiu)消(xiao)費(fei)也(ye)都(dou)出(chu)現(xian)了(le)較(jiao)為(wei)明(ming)顯(xian)的(de)抑(yi)製(zhi),而(er)這(zhe)些(xie)都(dou)大(da)大(da)加(jia)劇(ju)了(le)生(sheng)產(chan)製(zhi)造(zao)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)生(sheng)存(cun)困(kun)境(jing),呈(cheng)現(xian)的(de)現(xian)象(xiang)就(jiu)是(shi)由(you)於(yu)銷(xiao)售(shou)路(lu)徑(jing)的(de)變(bian)窄(zhai)變(bian)細(xi)勢(shi)必(bi)帶(dai)來(lai)了(le)道(dao)路(lu)堵(du)賽(sai)的(de)狀(zhuang)況(kuang),於(yu)是(shi)競(jing)爭(zheng)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)加(jia)劇(ju)。在(zai)這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)大(da)環(huan)境(jing)下(xia),再(zai)加(jia)之(zhi)近(jin)些(xie)年(nian)中(zhong)國(guo)經(jing)濟(ji)學(xue)界(jie)總(zong)結(jie)出(chu)來(lai)的(de)有(you)中(zhong)國(guo)特(te)色(se)的(de)“餓狼現象”的普遍存在,工控行業也就不可避免的陷入了同質化的惡性競爭狀態之中。
工控行業服務於紡織、建築、汽車、造船、印刷、石化等多個行業,隨著這些行業在金融危機受到波及,工控行業也或多或少的受到了影響。
紡織行業
受生產所用原、輔材料成本、能源成本、勞動力成本等持續上升、人民幣升值、美(mei)國(guo)次(ci)貸(dai)危(wei)機(ji)和(he)國(guo)內(nei)市(shi)場(chang)持(chi)續(xu)疲(pi)軟(ruan)的(de)共(gong)同(tong)影(ying)響(xiang),在(zai)出(chu)口(kou)受(shou)阻(zu)中(zhong)所(suo)受(shou)影(ying)響(xiang)尤(you)重(zhong)。變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)產(chan)品(pin)在(zai)現(xian)代(dai)紡(fang)織(zhi)領(ling)導(dao)的(de)應(ying)用(yong)尤(you)為(wei)重(zhong)要(yao),這(zhe)些(xie)國(guo)內(nei)剛(gang)剛(gang)興(xing)起(qi)的(de)變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)產(chan)業(ye)又(you)一(yi)次(ci)遭(zao)到(dao)了(le)重(zhong)創(chuang),同(tong)時(shi)眾(zhong)多(duo)變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)廠(chang)商(shang)也(ye)在(zai)紛(fen)紛(fen)尋(xun)找(zhao)新(xin)的(de)出(chu)口(kou)。
造船業
國guo內nei近jin年nian來lai持chi續xu繁fan榮rong的de造zao船chuan業ye對dui鋼gang材cai需xu求qiu產chan生sheng了le強qiang大da支zhi撐cheng,而er金jin融rong危wei機ji的de到dao來lai,似si乎hu要yao使shi繁fan榮rong的de造zao船chuan業ye出chu現xian萎wei縮suo的de拐guai點dian。最zui直zhi接jie的de打da擊ji將jiang來lai自zi全quan球qiu貿mao易yi萎wei縮suo,導dao致zhi船chuan隻zhi訂ding單dan量liang大da幅fu下xia降jiang。國guo際ji貿mao易yi的de興xing盛sheng取qu決jue於yu各ge個ge國guo家jia的de經jing濟ji發fa展zhan情qing況kuang。萬wan噸dun輪lun在zai運yun輸shu上shang的de優you勢shi主zhu要yao體ti現xian為wei可ke以yi運yun送song數shu量liang、體積巨大的物品以及運送距離遠而運費低廉。因此,它所承載的往往是石油、鐵礦石、糧食、shuinidengzhichengyiguojingjijichuyunxingdedazongshangpin。danggeguojingjijinrushuaitui,duiyudazongshangpindemaoyixuqiuxiajiangjiangtongguohangyunyedeshuaituichuandidaozaochuanye。ruguomeiguojinrongfengbaomeiyoudedaoezhi,weijibijiangyoujinronglingyutuozhandaoshitijingji,jieshiquanqiudemaoyiliangbijiangdafuxiahua。
汽車業
自2002年以來,我國汽車市場超高速增長達6年之久,遠遠超過我國GDP的增長速度。而如今這種超高速增長開始刹車,據中國汽車工業協會最新數據統計,今年1~8月,全國乘用車市場總體表現低迷,我國乘用車產銷463.24萬輛和455.03萬輛,同比增長13.67%和13.15%,與上年同期相比,增幅回落8.32個百分點和10.94個百分點。從8月份的汽車銷量來看,歐洲同比銳降16%,北美降幅達15.5%,日本汽車銷量下降14.9%。而國內汽車銷量同比下降了5.4%,環比下降了6.0%。汽qi車che產chan品pin的de銷xiao量liang下xia滑hua直zhi接jie影ying響xiang到dao汽qi車che電dian子zi這zhe個ge龐pang大da的de產chan業ye以yi及ji工gong控kong行xing業ye內nei的de一yi部bu分fen產chan業ye鏈lian,中zhong國guo的de汽qi車che電dian子zi業ye尚shang未wei成cheng熟shu,仍reng依yi賴lai於yu進jin口kou器qi件jian,但dan這zhe樣yang的de境jing況kuang,對dui中zhong國guo汽qi車che電dian子zi行xing業ye的de發fa時shi起qi到dao了le一yi定ding的de影ying響xiang,使shi得de汽qi車che電dian子zi行xing業ye在zai中zhong國guo的de發fa展zhan速su度du也ye減jian慢man下xia來lai。
房地產行業
中(zhong)國(guo)房(fang)地(di)產(chan)價(jia)格(ge)滑(hua)落(luo),目(mu)前(qian)正(zheng)實(shi)實(shi)在(zai)在(zai)的(de)發(fa)生(sheng)。雖(sui)說(shuo)其(qi)價(jia)格(ge)下(xia)滑(hua)的(de)主(zhu)因(yin),是(shi)國(guo)內(nei)樓(lou)市(shi)價(jia)格(ge)泡(pao)沫(mo)太(tai)大(da)和(he)國(guo)內(nei)宏(hong)觀(guan)調(tiao)控(kong)政(zheng)策(ce)的(de)雙(shuang)重(zhong)壓(ya)力(li),但(dan)正(zheng)在(zai)發(fa)生(sheng)的(de)美(mei)國(guo)金(jin)融(rong)風(feng)暴(bao),也(ye)使(shi)得(de)中(zhong)國(guo)樓(lou)市(shi)麵(mian)臨(lin)更(geng)大(da)的(de)套(tao)現(xian)和(he)需(xu)求(qiu)下(xia)滑(hua)的(de)壓(ya)力(li)。由(you)此(ci),必(bi)將(jiang)對(dui)房(fang)地(di)產(chan)投(tou)資(zi)產(chan)生(sheng)相(xiang)當(dang)大(da)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang),進(jin)而(er)影(ying)響(xiang)到(dao)固(gu)定(ding)資(zi)產(chan)投(tou)資(zi)的(de)增(zeng)長(chang)。房(fang)地(di)產(chan)行(xing)情(qing)是(shi)影(ying)響(xiang)到(dao)整(zheng)個(ge)中(zhong)國(guo)經(jing)濟(ji)最(zui)生(sheng)要(yao)的(de)環(huan)節(jie),不(bu)僅(jin)對(dui)工(gong)控(kong)行(xing)業(ye)有(you)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)。
鋼鐵行業
對鋼材需求量比較大的行業,如房地產、汽車製造、zaochuanyedezouxiangzhijieyingxianggangtiexingyedefazhan。erzaijinrongweijizhengxiangshitijingjibojijiashendebeijingxia,gangtiexingyeyenandushanqishen。tongshiyouyuquanqiujingjichuyubeiguanqifendelongzhao,gangcaijiagejianghuichuzaijiaochangyiduanshijiandexiaxingtongdaozhizhong。suiranhenduojingjixuejiarenweizhongguojingjidejibenmianlianghao,qisuoshoudaojinrongweijideyingxiangjianghuiyouxian,gengyouleguanrenshirenwei,zhongguojiangzaidudailingshijiezouchujingjiweijideyinying。danzhejiangjinglijiniandeshijian,qijiangangcaijiagesuiyouqifu,danzuizhongzouchuxiaxingtongdao,haijiangzaishijiejingjijibenmianzhuanhaozhihou。
對以上行業的分析來看,金融危機導致了紡織、造船、汽車、印刷、石化等行業市場疲軟、產能下降,進而通過供需關係間接影響到了工控產品的需求量。
另(ling)外(wai)本(ben)身(shen)的(de)金(jin)融(rong)危(wei)機(ji),導(dao)致(zhi)國(guo)內(nei)貨(huo)幣(bi)緊(jin)縮(suo),對(dui)工(gong)控(kong)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)融(rong)資(zi)及(ji)貸(dai)款(kuan)的(de)進(jin)展(zhan)都(dou)有(you)了(le)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)阻(zu)礙(ai),使(shi)得(de)有(you)些(xie)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)資(zi)金(jin)鏈(lian)了(le)現(xian)問(wen)題(ti),直(zhi)接(jie)使(shi)得(de)工(gong)控(kong)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)需(xu)求(qiu)量(liang)大(da)幅(fu)下(xia)滑(hua)。[page_break]
muqianwaiweishichangdezhengtixingshiyiranburongleguan,zhegeixianxiazhongguojingjidefazhandailailebuxiaodetiaozhan,danyeyouqiyejiarenweizhegeizhongguoqiyedailaixindefazhanjihui。weiruanquanqiuzishenfuzongcaizhangyaqinjiubiaoshi,jingjizongshihuihuifude,xianzaiyoulianggejihuizhidezhongguoqiyeguanzhu。diyixianzaishihenhaodebinggoudejihui。yinweibuguanshicanguhaishibinggoudoukeyinadaohenbianyidejiage,youqikeyiguanzhuyouhexinjishudegongsi;第二這是吸引全球高端人才的最好的機會。華爾街現在有20wanrenshiye,qizhongyouhenduoshiyouxiudeqiyerencai,tamendejingyanduizhongguodefazhanhuiyoubangzhu。tongyang,luolanbeigeguanlizixungongsihehuorenkangyanyezhichu,xianzaiwomenyinggaikaolvbahuobichubeibianchengziyuanchubei,birushiyou、煤炭以及注重開發新能源等,這樣才可以保值增值。同時中國也不能總學美國,而是應該成為新規則的製定者,開創新的業務。
zhexiejihuibujinshiyongyuzhongguodaduoshuqiye,tongyangshiyongyugongkongxingye,gongkongxingyeshiyigegaokejichanye,tongshixuyaodaliangderencaiyijiqiyeyuqiyezhijiandezhanlvehezuo。gongkongqiyeshifouhuizaizhecishijieguimodejinrongweijizhongcongzhongxingyezhongtuoyingerchu,jiuyaokanwomenruhebawozhujiyu。
危機的過程也是一次企業洗牌、產業進一步優化重組的過程。首先,企業要適時優化調整產品結構,厘清發展思路;努力拓寬融資渠道,保障資金流轉,可以庫存產品等到銀行辦理動產抵押貸款;要充分進行內部挖潛,使管理水平、經營水平更上層次,實現粗放型管理到精細型管理的轉變,從經驗型管理到科學化管理的轉變;在節約成本、改進技術、提高產品質量上狠下功夫;企業經營者要加強學習,努力提高自身素質與水平,提高駕馭市場的能力。
國(guo)際(ji)金(jin)融(rong)危(wei)機(ji)席(xi)卷(juan)大(da)潮(chao)無(wu)法(fa)抵(di)擋(dang),與(yu)其(qi)被(bei)動(dong)應(ying)對(dui),不(bu)如(ru)主(zhu)動(dong)出(chu)擊(ji)。消(xiao)化(hua)危(wei)險(xian),捕(bu)捉(zhuo)機(ji)遇(yu),才(cai)是(shi)應(ying)有(you)之(zhi)義(yi)。從(cong)容(rong)應(ying)對(dui),積(ji)極(ji)破(po)解(jie)難(nan)題(ti),與(yu)企(qi)業(ye)同(tong)興(xing)衰(shuai),共(gong)命(ming)運(yun),才(cai)能(neng)應(ying)對(dui)挑(tiao)戰(zhan),開(kai)創(chuang)工(gong)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)新(xin)局(ju)麵(mian)。
同tong時shi在zai這zhe個ge金jin融rong動dong蕩dang的de時shi機ji,世shi界jie所suo有you目mu光guang都dou聚ju焦jiao在zai中zhong國guo,這zhe時shi中zhong國guo的de工gong控kong企qi業ye更geng應ying該gai大da力li發fa展zhan中zhong國guo工gong控kong行xing業ye的de品pin牌pai效xiao應ying,讓rang世shi界jie都dou看kan到dao中zhong國guo的de工gong控kong品pin牌pai,轉zhuan敗bai為wei勝sheng。