http://www.kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-08 00:22:50 來源:《今日自動化》
編者語:仔(zai)細(xi)回(hui)顧(gu)十(shi)大(da)產(chan)業(ye)振(zhen)興(xing)計(ji)劃(hua),直(zhi)接(jie)提(ti)及(ji)自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)產(chan)業(ye)的(de)地(di)方(fang)並(bing)不(bu)多(duo)。但(dan)是(shi),仔(zai)細(xi)想(xiang)想(xiang),本(ben)次(ci)振(zhen)興(xing)規(gui)劃(hua)的(de)最(zui)終(zhong)實(shi)現(xian),哪(na)項(xiang)也(ye)離(li)不(bu)開(kai)自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)。像(xiang)鋼(gang)鐵(tie)、汽車、紡織、裝備製造、石化等行業的現代化的建設與產業升級都需要自動化技術與產品的支持。尤其是與以上行業直接相關的傳感器、變頻器、DCS控製係統等自動化技術與產品將麵臨一個新的發展機遇。
為確保2009年實現8%的增長目標,中國中央政府大規模增加政府投資,製定實施了總額達4萬億元的兩年投資計劃,並大範圍實施調整產業振興計劃。目前已經出齊了包括鋼鐵、汽車、紡織、裝備製造、船舶、電子信息、石化、輕工、有色金屬、物流等在內的十大行業振興計劃,這意味著,列入振興計劃的十大行業將吸納4萬wan億yi元yuan投tou資zi中zhong的de絕jue大da部bu分fen資zi金jin。十shi大da產chan業ye振zhen興xing計ji劃hua的de提ti出chu與yu實shi施shi將jiang給gei自zi動dong化hua行xing業ye帶dai來lai哪na些xie機ji遇yu?又you給gei自zi動dong化hua企qi業ye帶dai來lai了le哪na些xie挑tiao戰zhan?記ji者zhe走zou訪fang、整理了一些專家意見,以便為自動化企業提供參考。
基礎建設離不開自動化
通tong篇pian閱yue讀du十shi大da產chan業ye振zhen興xing計ji劃hua,直zhi接jie提ti及ji自zi動dong化hua產chan業ye的de地di方fang並bing不bu多duo。但dan是shi,仔zai細xi想xiang想xiang,本ben次ci振zhen興xing規gui劃hua的de最zui終zhong實shi現xian,哪na項xiang也ye離li不bu開kai自zi動dong化hua。像xiang鋼gang鐵tie、汽車、紡織、裝備製造、石化等行業的現代化的建設與產業升級都需要自動化技術與產品的支持。尤其是與以上行業直接相關的傳感器、變頻器、DCS控製係統等自動化技術與產品將麵臨一個新的發展機遇。
十大產業振興規劃對裝備製造業提出了四點要求:要依托高效清潔發電、特高壓變電、煤礦與金屬礦采掘、天然氣管道輸送和液化儲運、高速鐵路、城市軌道交通等領域的重點工程,有針對性地實現重點產品國內製造。要結合鋼鐵、汽車、紡織等大產業的重點項目,推進裝備自動化。要提升大型鑄鍛件、基礎部件、加工輔具、tezhongyuancailiaodengpeitaochanpindejishushuiping,hangshichanyefazhanjichu。yaotuijinjiegoutiaozheng,zhuanbianchanyezengchangfangshi。zhesidianyaoqiudezuizhongshixiangengshizhijieyituoyuzidonghuajishuyuchanpin,weizidonghuachanyetichulezuimingquedeyaoqiu。
裝備製造業作為一個龐大的產業群,主要包含三個方麵:一是重大的基礎機械,即製造裝備的裝備,包括數控機床、柔性製造單元、柔性製造係統、計算機集成製造係統、工業機器人及電子製造設備等。二是重要的機械、電子基礎件,包括先進的液壓、氣動、微電子與電力器件、儀器儀表及自動化控製係統等。三是民用、軍工生產所需的重大成套技術裝備等。從這三方麵我們可以說,對裝備製造業的振興就等於是對自動化行業的振興。
自動化企業應抓住產業升級的機遇
2009年1月14日ri開kai始shi,鋼gang鐵tie和he汽qi車che產chan業ye振zhen興xing規gui劃hua獲huo國guo務wu院yuan常chang務wu會hui議yi通tong過guo,緊jin接jie著zhe,紡fang織zhi工gong業ye和he裝zhuang備bei製zhi造zao業ye調tiao整zheng振zhen興xing規gui劃hua獲huo原yuan則ze通tong過guo,國guo務wu院yuan審shen議yi並bing原yuan則ze通tong過guo了le船chuan舶bo工gong業ye調tiao整zheng振zhen興xing規gui劃hua,國guo務wu院yuan常chang務wu會hui議yi審shen議yi並bing通tong過guo了le電dian子zi信xin息xi產chan業ye振zhen興xing規gui劃hua,輕qing工gong業ye和he石shi化hua產chan業ye振zhen興xing規gui劃hua獲huo得de通tong過guo。最zui後hou,隨sui著zhe有you色se金jin屬shu和he物wu流liu業ye振zhen興xing規gui劃hua的de通tong過guo,十shi大da產chan業ye調tiao整zheng和he振zhen興xing規gui劃hua全quan部bu出chu齊qi,實shi施shi時shi間jian將jiang從cong2009年延續至2011nian。keyiyujian,zhexiexiangmudeshishijiangweigegexingyedailaijudadefazhanjiyu。erruhezhuazhujiyushiqiyezishendeyifazhanjiangchengweigegeqiyemianlindezhongyaotiaozhan。
zhongguoshekeyuankeyanjufujuchanghuangqunhuiyanjiuyuanzaiketihuibaozhongbiaoshi,woguojinqichutaideshidachanyezhenxingguihuacongmouzhongjiaodulaijiangkeyirenweishigegejutigongyexingyexiandaihuadezhanlveguihua。muqianwoguogongyehuajinchengdangzhongyouxiewentishigegexingyegongtongmianlinde,“比(bi)如(ru)勞(lao)動(dong)生(sheng)產(chan)率(lv)低(di),勞(lao)動(dong)就(jiu)業(ye)人(ren)口(kou)基(ji)數(shu)大(da),工(gong)業(ye)技(ji)術(shu)來(lai)源(yuan)過(guo)多(duo)依(yi)賴(lai)國(guo)外(wai),研(yan)發(fa)投(tou)入(ru)不(bu)夠(gou),自(zi)主(zhu)創(chuang)新(xin)能(neng)力(li)薄(bo)弱(ruo),先(xian)進(jin)技(ji)術(shu)自(zi)主(zhu)研(yan)發(fa)能(neng)力(li)有(you)待(dai)培(pei)育(yu),工(gong)業(ye)可(ke)持(chi)續(xu)發(fa)展(zhan)能(neng)力(li)有(you)待(dai)提(ti)高(gao),尤(you)其(qi)是(shi)產(chan)業(ye)組(zu)織(zhi)的(de)合(he)理(li)化(hua)程(cheng)度(du)不(bu)高(gao)。這(zhe)些(xie)問(wen)題(ti)應(ying)該(gai)是(shi)工(gong)業(ye)整(zheng)體(ti)麵(mian)臨(lin)的(de)問(wen)題(ti)。”因yin此ci,十shi大da產chan業ye振zhen興xing規gui劃hua與yu傳chuan統tong工gong業ye結jie構gou調tiao整zheng和he產chan業ye升sheng級ji的de戰zhan略lve部bu署shu是shi相xiang吻wen合he的de。傳chuan統tong工gong業ye結jie構gou調tiao整zheng和he產chan業ye化hua升sheng級ji為wei將jiang工gong業ye自zi動dong化hua產chan業ye發fa展zhan創chuang造zao無wu限xian商shang機ji。
我wo國guo今jin後hou一yi段duan時shi間jian發fa展zhan的de重zhong點dian是shi結jie構gou調tiao整zheng和he產chan業ye化hua升sheng級ji,其qi主zhu要yao目mu的de是shi提ti高gao工gong業ye體ti係xi結jie構gou的de合he理li化hua。在zai更geng加jia適shi應ying市shi場chang需xu求qiu的de同tong時shi采cai用yong新xin技ji術shu改gai造zao傳chuan統tong產chan業ye的de生sheng產chan過guo程cheng以yi提ti高gao生sheng產chan效xiao率lv和he產chan品pin質zhi量liang。而er采cai用yong先xian進jin的de自zi動dong化hua控kong製zhi技ji術shu來lai提ti升sheng傳chuan統tong生sheng產chan過guo程cheng並bing改gai進jin其qi生sheng產chan工gong藝yi是shi一yi條tiao投tou資zi少shao、見(jian)效(xiao)快(kuai)的(de)途(tu)徑(jing)。目(mu)前(qian),由(you)於(yu)計(ji)算(suan)機(ji)控(kong)製(zhi)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)價(jia)格(ge)大(da)幅(fu)度(du)下(xia)降(jiang),以(yi)及(ji)產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)提(ti)高(gao)和(he)應(ying)用(yong)與(yu)維(wei)護(hu)的(de)方(fang)便(bian)性(xing),工(gong)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)采(cai)用(yong)各(ge)種(zhong)適(shi)用(yong)的(de)計(ji)算(suan)機(ji)控(kong)製(zhi)係(xi)統(tong)來(lai)控(kong)製(zhi)新(xin)建(jian)的(de)工(gong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)和(he)改(gai)造(zao)已(yi)有(you)的(de)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)已(yi)經(jing)成(cheng)為(wei)潮(chao)流(liu)。
youzhuanjiazhichu,jinrongweijibudangeiqiyedefazhandailaileyidingdetiaozhan,tongshiyeshiyigechanyetiaozhengshengjidejiyu。yingdangshuowoguozidonghuachanyezhengzaimianlinyigefeichanghaodefazhanshiji。gegegongsiyinggaijinyibujiaqiangduizhuyedetouruliduyikuodajinyibufazhandeqianli,bixuzaiqiyeneibujiadahexinyewuxiangguandeneibuzhongzulidu,dazaozishendezhongdianyewujituan。zidonghuaqiyeyinggaibaliyongjinrongweijidailaidexinxichanyejiegoutiaozhengshengjidejiyu,bazheciweijidailaidekunnanhetiaozhandangzuojiyu,jiadashichangziyuandezhenghe,jinxingjituanwaideziyuantouru,yitigaozishendeshilijiyingxiangli。
另ling外wai,由you於yu危wei機ji的de影ying響xiang,國guo際ji上shang的de合he作zuo正zheng在zai進jin一yi步bu加jia強qiang,尤you其qi是shi在zai新xin技ji術shu的de研yan發fa和he新xin的de高gao端duan產chan業ye的de開kai發fa方fang麵mian。通tong過guo國guo際ji間jian的de合he作zuo,不bu但dan會hui使shi國guo家jia的de振zhen興xing計ji劃hua在zai企qi業ye中zhong得de到dao了le落luo實shi,而er且qie企qi業ye也ye可ke以yi響xiang應ying國guo家jia振zhen興xing計ji劃hua,通tong過guo這zhe些xie措cuo施shi可ke以yi帶dai動dong整zheng個ge行xing業ye調tiao整zheng升sheng級ji。自zi動dong化hua企qi業ye應ying當dang抓zhua住zhu這zhe個ge機ji遇yu,實shi現xian自zi身shen結jie構gou的de升sheng級ji。
qiyeyinggaizuohaoyingduichangqitiaozhandezhunbeiyouzhuanjiazhichu,muqianchutaideshidachanyezhenxingguihuadoushiyixieganglingxingdedongxi,zhengfubixujinkuaituichuduiyingshishixizeyijixiangguanpeitaozhengcecuoshi,baozhenghewanshanchanyefazhan,jifaqiyetouzireqing。tongshi,zaizhixingshang,gegebuweizhijian,zhongyanghedifangzhijianyaojiaqiangpeihe,quebaozhixingdaowei。
也ye有you人ren認ren為wei十shi大da產chan業ye振zhen興xing計ji劃hua化hua是shi治zhi標biao不bu治zhi本ben。但dan是shi,我wo們men至zhi少shao能neng夠gou看kan到dao國guo家jia對dui與yu工gong業ye技ji術shu和he創chuang新xin方fang麵mian給gei予yu的de肯ken定ding,正zheng所suo謂wei現xian代dai化hua建jian設she離li不bu開kai自zi動dong化hua技ji術shu的de支zhi持chi。而er從cong二er級ji市shi場chang角jiao度du看kan,由you於yu產chan業ye政zheng策ce貫guan穿chuan於yu未wei來lai較jiao長chang一yi段duan時shi間jian,特te別bie是shi子zi行xing業ye較jiao多duo的de產chan業ye可ke能neng會hui有you細xi化hua的de政zheng策ce跟gen進jin。同tong時shi,由you於yu政zheng策ce的de長chang效xiao性xing和he對dui行xing業ye未wei來lai發fa展zhan的de調tiao整zheng,對dui優you勢shi企qi業ye的de長chang期qi發fa展zhan是shi有you利li的de。
從我國目前的工業企業現狀來看,無論是從管理水平、製造水平、產chan品pin質zhi量liang與yu國guo外wai先xian進jin企qi業ye比bi還hai有you較jiao大da差cha距ju。可ke以yi肯ken定ding,在zai未wei來lai兩liang年nian的de投tou資zi規gui劃hua的de實shi施shi中zhong,新xin一yi輪lun的de行xing業ye洗xi牌pai將jiang不bu可ke避bi免mian。自zi動dong化hua企qi業ye如ru何he發fa現xian新xin的de藍lan海hai市shi場chang並bing提ti高gao自zi身shen的de核he心xin競jing爭zheng實shi力li以yi便bian在zai競jing爭zheng中zhong爭zheng得de一yi席xi之zhi地di將jiang成cheng為wei許xu多duo公gong司si需xu要yao思si考kao實shi施shi的de問wen題ti。
lingwai,zhenxingguihuachutaidebeijingsuiranshizhenduijingjizengsudexiahuaqushi,danzhenggeguihuademubiaohaishizhongchangqidechanyeguihuahejingjijiegoutiaozheng,yinciduanqixiaoyinghechangqixiaoyingkenengbuhuiyouxiaotongyi。congduanqilaikan,zhengcexiaoguobingbuhuitixiantaikuai,eryouyuyixiechanyezhengcedezhelidianbutong,chanshengxiaoyingyecunzaishizhi,duanqineigongsiyejigaishankenengzhishijubude,yinci,qiyebixuzuohaoyingduichangqitiaozhengdezhunbeijihua。
可ke以yi說shuo,從cong長chang遠yuan規gui劃hua來lai看kan,十shi大da產chan業ye振zhen興xing計ji劃hua為wei各ge個ge行xing業ye注zhu射she了le一yi劑ji強qiang心xin針zhen,但dan是shi效xiao果guo可ke能neng並bing非fei立li竿gan見jian影ying,因yin此ci各ge個ge企qi業ye應ying該gai做zuo好hao應ying對dui長chang期qi挑tiao戰zhan的de準zhun備bei。