http://www.kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-08 11:08:56 來源:人事教育司
gesheng,zizhiqu,zhixiashijijihuadanlieshi,xinjiangshengchanjianshebingtuangongyehexinxihuazhuguanbumen,gesheng,zizhiqu,zhixiashitongxinguanliju,bushugedanwei,bushugegaoxiao,bujiguangesiju:
人才是製造強國和網絡強國建設的根本。為深入貫徹中央人才工作會議精神,《國家“十四五”期間人才發展規劃》等文件要求,切實為工業和信息化高質量發展提供有力人才保障,製定本實施意見。
一、建設目標
堅jian持chi以yi習xi近jin平ping新xin時shi代dai中zhong國guo特te色se社she會hui主zhu義yi思si想xiang為wei指zhi導dao,全quan麵mian貫guan徹che習xi近jin平ping總zong書shu記ji關guan於yu做zuo好hao新xin時shi代dai人ren才cai工gong作zuo的de重zhong要yao思si想xiang,堅jian持chi黨dang管guan人ren才cai,高gao端duan引yin領ling,產chan才cai融rong合he,改gai革ge創chuang新xin,以yi鍛duan造zao重zhong點dian人ren才cai隊dui伍wu為wei主zhu攻gong方fang向xiang,以yi實shi施shi重zhong大da人ren才cai項xiang目mu計ji劃hua為wei抓zhua手shou,全quan方fang位wei培pei養yang,引yin進jin和he用yong好hao人ren才cai,支zhi撐cheng和he引yin領ling工gong業ye和he信xin息xi化hua高gao質zhi量liang發fa展zhan。
二、加強重點人才隊伍建設
(一)建設戰略科學家梯隊
lizugongyehexinxihuazhongdianlingyu,jianchishijianbiaozhun,congguojiazhongdaxiangmudanganglingxianzhuanjiazhongtuijianyipizhanlvekexuejiarenxuan。jianchichangyuanyanguang,youyishidifaxianhepeiyanggengduogongyehexinxihualingyujuyouzhanlvekexuejiaqianzhidegaocengcifuhexingrencai。
(二)支持一流科技領軍人才和創新團隊加快成長
mianxianggongyehexinxihuazhanlvejixulingyu,linxuanzhichiyipikejilingjunrencaihechuangxintuandui,zaiyixianshijianzhongpeiyangzaojiurencai。fahuikejilingjunqiye,bushugaoxiao,bushukeyanyuansuodengzuoyong,zuzhichanxueyanxietonggongguan,zairencaitiduipeitao,keyantiaojianpeitao,guanlijizhipeitaofangmiangeiyuteshuzhengce,jiakuaiguanjianhexinjishutupo。
(三)培育青年科技人才後備力量
引yin導dao和he支zhi持chi政zheng產chan學xue研yan等deng各ge方fang力li量liang,著zhe力li培pei養yang一yi支zhi政zheng治zhi素su質zhi高gao,創chuang新xin活huo力li強qiang的de青qing年nian科ke技ji人ren才cai隊dui伍wu。組zu織zhi實shi施shi工gong信xin青qing年nian科ke技ji服fu務wu團tuan項xiang目mu,引yin導dao優you秀xiu青qing年nian科ke技ji人ren才cai向xiang重zhong點dian企qi業ye流liu動dong。建jian立li健jian全quan以yi信xin任ren為wei基ji礎chu的de青qing年nian科ke技ji人ren才cai支zhi持chi機ji製zhi,在zai重zhong大da項xiang目mu資zi源yuan分fen配pei等deng方fang麵mian予yu以yi傾qing斜xie性xing支zhi持chi,支zhi持chi青qing年nian科ke技ji人ren才cai挑tiao大da梁liang,當dang主zhu角jiao。完wan善shan青qing年nian科ke技ji人ren才cai評ping價jia體ti係xi,加jia強qiang和he改gai進jin部bu係xi統tong高gao級ji職zhi稱cheng評ping審shen工gong作zuo,提ti高gao40周歲以下青年入選比例。提高部係統博士後流動(工作)zhanjianshezhiliang。yindaohezhichiyongrendanweizaixinchoudaiyu,zhufang,zinvruxuedengfangmianjiadazhichilidu,jiejueqingniankejirencaidehouguzhiyou,rangtamenanshen,anxin,anye。

(四)壯大高素質技術技能人才隊伍
培pei養yang大da批pi卓zhuo越yue工gong程cheng師shi。組zu織zhi實shi施shi卓zhuo越yue工gong程cheng師shi薪xin火huo計ji劃hua,在zai工gong業ye和he信xin息xi化hua領ling域yu著zhe力li建jian設she一yi支zhi愛ai黨dang報bao國guo,敬jing業ye奉feng獻xian,具ju有you突tu出chu技ji術shu創chuang新xin能neng力li,善shan於yu解jie決jue複fu雜za工gong程cheng問wen題ti的de工gong程cheng師shi隊dui伍wu。支zhi持chi有you條tiao件jian的de省sheng(區,市)結合自身產業特色,建立健全卓越工程師評價體係。

完wan善shan高gao素su質zhi技ji術shu技ji能neng人ren才cai培pei養yang標biao準zhun。充chong分fen發fa揮hui全quan國guo工gong業ye和he信xin息xi化hua職zhi業ye教jiao育yu教jiao學xue指zhi導dao委wei員yuan會hui作zuo用yong,開kai展zhan重zhong點dian領ling域yu人ren才cai需xu求qiu預yu測ce,加jia強qiang專zhuan業ye標biao準zhun建jian設she,推tui動dong職zhi業ye院yuan校xiao“三教改革”。鼓勵開發工業和信息化領域新職業的國家職業技術技能標準,推動技術技能人才培養標準體係建設。
jiadagaosuzhijishujinengrencaipeiyanglidu。mianxianggongyehexinxihuazhongdianlingyu,kaizhandaguimozhiyejinengpeixun。jianhaoyonghaogongyehexinxihuajishujinengrencaiwangshangxuexipingtai,dalikaizhanxianshangpeixun,linxuantuiguangyipiyouzhipeixunkecheng,yindaozhichiqiyehepeixunjigouzuohaolaodongzhejinengtishenggongzuo。shenrushishizhuanyejishurencaizhishigengxingongcheng,peiyuzhuangdashuzijishugongchengshiduiwu。shenrukaizhanchanjiaoduihualiandonghuodong,lianheshishixianchanggongchengshizhuanxiangpeiyangjihua。
健全高素質技術技能人才選拔方式。加強和改進全國計算機技術與軟件專業技術資格(水平)kaoshi,quanguotongxinzhuanyejishurenyuanzhiyeshuipingkaoshigongzuo。jiansheyiquanguogongyehexinxihuajishujinengdasaiweilongtou,xingyetesejishujinengjingsaiweizhuti,qiyeneibujishubiwuweijichudesaishitixi。anzhizezuohaoxiangguanlingyudezhiyejinengdengjirendingdejianduguanligongzuo。
(五)加強企業經營管理人才隊伍建設
jiadaqiyejingyingguanlirencaipeiyanglidu。jixushishiqiyejingyingguanlirencaisuzhitishenggongcheng,shenrutuijinzhongxiaoqiyejingyingguanlilingjunrencaipeixunxiangmu,zhichipeixunziyuanxiangchanyelian“鏈主”企業,製造業單項冠軍企業,專精特新“小巨人”企業,專精特新中小企業等優質企業傾斜。通過“企業微課”,慕課等線上形式,研修班,特訓營等線下形式,建立線上線下相結合,長期短期相銜接的培養模式。
促(cu)進(jin)企(qi)業(ye)經(jing)營(ying)管(guan)理(li)人(ren)才(cai)交(jiao)流(liu)合(he)作(zuo)。充(chong)分(fen)發(fa)揮(hui)政(zheng)府(fu)部(bu)門(men),行(xing)業(ye)組(zu)織(zhi),專(zhuan)業(ye)服(fu)務(wu)機(ji)構(gou)等(deng)作(zuo)用(yong),通(tong)過(guo)論(lun)壇(tan),展(zhan)會(hui),座(zuo)談(tan)會(hui)等(deng)多(duo)種(zhong)形(xing)式(shi),促(cu)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)鏈(lian)上(shang)中(zhong)下(xia)遊(you),大(da)中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)經(jing)營(ying)管(guan)理(li)人(ren)才(cai)間(jian)的(de)交(jiao)流(liu)合(he)作(zuo),互(hu)學(xue)互(hu)鑒(jian)。大(da)力(li)弘(hong)揚(yang)優(you)秀(xiu)企(qi)業(ye)家(jia)精(jing)神(shen),選(xuan)樹(shu)和(he)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)一(yi)批(pi)優(you)秀(xiu)企(qi)業(ye)家(jia)典(dian)型(xing),推(tui)動(dong)形(xing)成(cheng)尊(zun)重(zhong)企(qi)業(ye)家(jia)價(jia)值(zhi),鼓(gu)勵(li)企(qi)業(ye)家(jia)創(chuang)新(xin),發(fa)揮(hui)企(qi)業(ye)家(jia)作(zuo)用(yong)的(de)輿(yu)論(lun)氛(fen)圍(wei)。

著(zhe)眼(yan)提(ti)高(gao)產(chan)業(ye)基(ji)礎(chu)能(neng)力(li),組(zu)織(zhi)實(shi)施(shi)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)人(ren)才(cai)支(zhi)持(chi)計(ji)劃(hua),選(xuan)拔(ba)和(he)支(zhi)持(chi)一(yi)批(pi)高(gao)水(shui)平(ping)管(guan)理(li),技(ji)術(shu),技(ji)能(neng)人(ren)才(cai),著(zhe)力(li)解(jie)決(jue)企(qi)業(ye)留(liu)才(cai)難(nan),引(yin)才(cai)難(nan)和(he)育(yu)才(cai)能(neng)力(li)不(bu)強(qiang)的(de)問(wen)題(ti),提(ti)高(gao)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)人(ren)才(cai)集(ji)聚(ju)能(neng)力(li)。

三、提高部屬高校人才培養能力
強qiang化hua學xue科ke建jian設she。指zhi導dao部bu屬shu高gao校xiao落luo實shi學xue科ke建jian設she規gui劃hua,形xing成cheng製zhi造zao強qiang國guo和he網wang絡luo強qiang國guo主zhu幹gan學xue科ke專zhuan業ye交jiao叉cha融rong合he,協xie同tong創chuang新xin的de良liang好hao學xue科ke生sheng態tai。優you化hua基ji礎chu學xue科ke資zi源yuan配pei置zhi,提ti升sheng基ji礎chu學xue科ke建jian設she條tiao件jian和he發fa展zhan環huan境jing。支zhi持chi建jian設she一yi批pi能neng夠gou承cheng載zai高gao水shui平ping人ren才cai的de學xue科ke交jiao叉cha發fa展zhan平ping台tai。
深shen化hua人ren才cai培pei養yang產chan教jiao融rong合he。支zhi持chi部bu屬shu高gao校xiao優you化hua實shi施shi強qiang基ji計ji劃hua和he基ji礎chu學xue科ke拔ba尖jian學xue生sheng培pei養yang計ji劃hua,加jia強qiang基ji礎chu和he關guan鍵jian領ling域yu人ren才cai培pei養yang。建jian設she一yi批pi有you影ying響xiang力li的de精jing品pin課ke程cheng和he教jiao材cai。創chuang新xin卓zhuo越yue工gong程cheng師shi培pei養yang模mo式shi,形xing成cheng一yi批pi卓zhuo越yue工gong程cheng師shi培pei養yang平ping台tai,遴lin選xuan一yi批pi校xiao企qi協xie同tong育yu人ren示shi範fan基ji地di。支zhi持chi建jian好hao未wei來lai技ji術shu學xue院yuan,創chuang新xin創chuang業ye學xue院yuan等deng產chan教jiao融rong合he人ren才cai培pei養yang新xin平ping台tai,探tan索suo建jian設she若ruo幹gan人ren才cai培pei養yang特te區qu和he試shi驗yan區qu。加jia強qiang創chuang新xin創chuang業ye平ping台tai建jian設she,打da造zao一yi批pi高gao水shui平ping創chuang業ye創chuang新xin示shi範fan基ji地di。推tui動dong設she立li一yi批pi高gao水shui平ping國guo際ji聯lian合he培pei養yang辦ban學xue機ji構gou和he項xiang目mu,營ying造zao國guo際ji化hua育yu人ren環huan境jing。
四、強化集聚創新人才的特色載體建設
duijiegaoshuipingrencaigaodijianshe,yichanyejijuqu,qiye,bushugaoxiao,gongxingjishupingtai,xiangmudengweizhuashou,dazaoyipixingyetesexianming,jijuchuangxinrencaidezaitipingtai。
引(yin)導(dao)和(he)支(zhi)持(chi)國(guo)家(jia)先(xian)進(jin)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)集(ji)群(qun),國(guo)家(jia)新(xin)型(xing)工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)產(chan)業(ye)示(shi)範(fan)基(ji)地(di),國(guo)家(jia)小(xiao)型(xing)微(wei)型(xing)企(qi)業(ye)創(chuang)業(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)示(shi)範(fan)基(ji)地(di)等(deng)產(chan)業(ye)集(ji)聚(ju)區(qu)營(ying)造(zao)具(ju)有(you)國(guo)際(ji)競(jing)爭(zheng)力(li)的(de)人(ren)才(cai)發(fa)展(zhan)環(huan)境(jing),依(yi)托(tuo)國(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)大(da)項(xiang)目(mu),重(zhong)點(dian)工(gong)程(cheng),提(ti)升(sheng)集(ji)聚(ju)吸(xi)引(yin)優(you)秀(xiu)人(ren)才(cai)的(de)示(shi)範(fan)效(xiao)應(ying)。支(zhi)持(chi)部(bu)屬(shu)高(gao)校(xiao)深(shen)化(hua)與(yu)地(di)方(fang)特(te)色(se)產(chan)業(ye),重(zhong)點(dian)企(qi)業(ye)開(kai)展(zhan)產(chan)學(xue)研(yan)合(he)作(zuo)。強(qiang)化(hua)國(guo)家(jia)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)中(zhong)心(xin),部(bu)重(zhong)點(dian)實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)等(deng)共(gong)性(xing)技(ji)術(shu)平(ping)台(tai)對(dui)創(chuang)新(xin)人(ren)才(cai)的(de)支(zhi)撐(cheng)引(yin)領(ling)作(zuo)用(yong)。以(yi)重(zhong)大(da)工(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)目(mu)為(wei)載(zai)體(ti),通(tong)過(guo)支(zhi)持(chi)承(cheng)擔(dan)重(zhong)大(da)任(ren)務(wu)培(pei)養(yang)和(he)造(zao)就(jiu)一(yi)批(pi)一(yi)流(liu)科(ke)技(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)人(ren)才(cai)。
進jin一yi步bu突tu出chu企qi業ye承cheng載zai科ke技ji創chuang新xin人ren才cai主zhu體ti地di位wei,推tui動dong應ying用yong研yan究jiu,技ji術shu開kai發fa項xiang目mu和he人ren才cai項xiang目mu更geng多duo由you企qi業ye承cheng擔dan。加jia快kuai構gou建jian龍long頭tou企qi業ye牽qian頭tou,高gao校xiao,科ke研yan院yuan所suo支zhi持chi,各ge方fang麵mian協xie同tong配pei合he的de創chuang新xin聯lian合he體ti,組zu織zhi創chuang新xin團tuan隊dui開kai展zhan跨kua學xue科ke,跨kua領ling域yu產chan學xue研yan協xie同tong攻gong關guan。麵mian向xiang優you質zhi企qi業ye,高gao校xiao,科ke研yan院yuan所suo等deng,支zhi持chi建jian設she一yi批pi產chan業ye人ren才cai基ji地di,培pei養yang集ji聚ju更geng多duo高gao素su質zhi人ren才cai。鼓gu勵li企qi業ye足zu額e提ti取qu職zhi工gong教jiao育yu經jing費fei,用yong於yu技ji術shu,技ji能neng人ren才cai的de教jiao育yu培pei訓xun。
五、深化人才發展體製機製改革
(一)創新人才評價機製
堅持“破四唯”與“立新標”並舉,加快推進以創新價值,能力,貢獻為導向的人才評價體係建設。落實“唯帽子”問題專項治理,推動人才稱號,學術頭銜回歸學術性,榮譽性本質。突出“高精尖缺”,優(you)化(hua)相(xiang)關(guan)人(ren)才(cai)項(xiang)目(mu)評(ping)審(shen)標(biao)準(zhun)。落(luo)實(shi)和(he)深(shen)化(hua)專(zhuan)業(ye)技(ji)術(shu)人(ren)才(cai)職(zhi)稱(cheng)製(zhi)度(du)改(gai)革(ge),支(zhi)持(chi)用(yong)人(ren)單(dan)位(wei)打(da)通(tong)高(gao)技(ji)能(neng)人(ren)才(cai)與(yu)專(zhuan)業(ye)技(ji)術(shu)人(ren)才(cai)職(zhi)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)通(tong)道(dao)。推(tui)進(jin)部(bu)係(xi)統(tong)職(zhi)稱(cheng)製(zhi)度(du)改(gai)革(ge),做(zuo)好(hao)職(zhi)稱(cheng)評(ping)審(shen)權(quan)限(xian)下(xia)放(fang)試(shi)點(dian)評(ping)估(gu)工(gong)作(zuo)。指(zhi)導(dao)部(bu)屬(shu)有(you)關(guan)單(dan)位(wei)及(ji)部(bu)屬(shu)高(gao)校(xiao)開(kai)展(zhan)科(ke)技(ji)人(ren)才(cai)評(ping)價(jia)改(gai)革(ge)試(shi)點(dian)工(gong)作(zuo)。支(zhi)持(chi)專(zhuan)業(ye)機(ji)構(gou),行(xing)業(ye)組(zu)織(zhi),事(shi)業(ye)單(dan)位(wei)等(deng)開(kai)展(zhan)市(shi)場(chang)化(hua),社(she)會(hui)化(hua)評(ping)價(jia),有(you)序(xu)承(cheng)接(jie)政(zheng)府(fu)轉(zhuan)移(yi)的(de)人(ren)才(cai)評(ping)價(jia)職(zhi)能(neng)。
(二)改進人才使用機製
加快推動形成以信任為基礎的人才使用機製。完善和落實項目立項“揭榜掛帥”“賽馬”等機製,最大限度發揮各類人才創新積極性和主動性。繼續為科研人才減負鬆綁,推行“無會日”,保證教學和科研人員參與非學術事務性活動每周不超過一天。推廣科研助理製度,減輕科研人員填表,報銷等事務性負擔。
(三)健全人才激勵機製
強(qiang)化(hua)對(dui)人(ren)才(cai)的(de)政(zheng)治(zhi)引(yin)領(ling)和(he)精(jing)神(shen)激(ji)勵(li),吸(xi)引(yin)更(geng)多(duo)優(you)秀(xiu)人(ren)才(cai)投(tou)身(shen)工(gong)業(ye)和(he)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)事(shi)業(ye)。落(luo)實(shi)黨(dang)委(wei)聯(lian)係(xi)服(fu)務(wu)專(zhuan)家(jia)製(zhi)度(du),開(kai)展(zhan)形(xing)式(shi)多(duo)樣(yang)的(de)人(ren)才(cai)服(fu)務(wu)基(ji)層(ceng)活(huo)動(dong)。大(da)力(li)弘(hong)揚(yang)科(ke)學(xue)家(jia)精(jing)神(shen),工(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)文(wen)化(hua)和(he)工(gong)匠(jiang)精(jing)神(shen),宣(xuan)傳(chuan)一(yi)批(pi)工(gong)業(ye)和(he)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)領(ling)域(yu)優(you)秀(xiu)人(ren)才(cai)典(dian)型(xing)。常(chang)態(tai)化(hua)開(kai)展(zhan)“弘揚愛國奮鬥精神,建功立業新時代”活(huo)動(dong)。部(bu)屬(shu)科(ke)研(yan)院(yuan)所(suo),部(bu)屬(shu)高(gao)校(xiao)對(dui)承(cheng)擔(dan)國(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)大(da)任(ren)務(wu),成(cheng)效(xiao)突(tu)出(chu)的(de)科(ke)技(ji)人(ren)員(yuan)和(he)團(tuan)隊(dui)在(zai)績(ji)效(xiao)工(gong)資(zi)分(fen)配(pei),職(zhi)稱(cheng)評(ping)定(ding),晉(jin)職(zhi)晉(jin)級(ji),表(biao)彰(zhang)獎(jiang)勵(li)等(deng)方(fang)麵(mian)給(gei)予(yu)傾(qing)斜(xie)。
(四)優化人才流動機製
對dui接jie服fu務wu國guo家jia重zhong大da區qu域yu戰zhan略lve,支zhi持chi重zhong點dian人ren才cai計ji劃hua向xiang東dong北bei地di區qu,中zhong西xi部bu地di區qu傾qing斜xie,引yin導dao激ji勵li人ren才cai向xiang艱jian苦ku邊bian遠yuan地di區qu和he基ji層ceng一yi線xian流liu動dong。引yin導dao人ren才cai計ji劃hua入ru選xuan者zhe合he理li有you序xu流liu動dong,避bi免mian比bi拚pin待dai遇yu“哄搶”人才等亂象。支持各地製定出台精準有效的人才支持政策,引導和吸引優秀人才向本地區重點產業集聚區流動。
六、加強組織保障
(一)健全人才工作組織體係
加強對工業和信息化人才工作的組織領導,統籌協調,整體推進和督促落實。黨委(黨組)主zhu要yao負fu責ze同tong誌zhi要yao親qin自zi抓zhua,分fen管guan負fu責ze同tong誌zhi要yao明ming確que責ze任ren具ju體ti抓zhua,組zu織zhi人ren事shi部bu門men切qie實shi履lv行xing抓zhua政zheng策ce,抓zhua項xiang目mu,抓zhua協xie調tiao,抓zhua服fu務wu的de職zhi責ze。各ge地di工gong業ye和he信xin息xi化hua主zhu管guan部bu門men,通tong信xin管guan理li局ju要yao結jie合he本ben地di產chan業ye發fa展zhan實shi際ji,加jia強qiang與yu黨dang委wei組zu織zhi部bu,教jiao育yu,人ren社she等deng部bu門men協xie同tong聯lian動dong,強qiang化hua人ren才cai工gong作zuo謀mou劃hua,及ji時shi協xie調tiao解jie決jue人ren才cai工gong作zuo中zhong的de重zhong大da問wen題ti。部bu屬shu各ge高gao校xiao要yao深shen入ru推tui進jin“雙一流”jianshe,chixudazaogaoshuipingrencaipeiyangtixi。bushugeqishiyedanweiyaolizuzishenyoushi,jinyibujiaqiangbendanweirencaiduiwujianshe,jiadayoushilingyuzhongyaorencaiwentideyanjiulidu,genghaozhichengzhongdiangongzuo,fuwuxingyefazhan,tishenghexinjingzhengli。bujiguangesijuyaolvxing“一手抓產業,一手抓人才”的職責,做到產業和人才政策協同發力。支持有條件的單位配強行業人才工作力量,完善工作運行機製。
(二)夯實人才工作基礎
jianquanrencaigongzuozhengceyanjiutixi,zhichixingyeteserencaizhikujianshe,zengqiangrencaigongzuoqianzhanxing,xitongxing。chixukaizhanzhongdianlingyuchanyerencaixuqiuyucegongzuo,weikexuezhidingrencaizhengcetigongzhongyaocankao。dingqikaizhanbuxitongrencaitongjigongzuo。jianshewanshangongyehexinxihuazhuanjiaxinxiguanlifuwupingtai,huijulaiziqiye,gaoxiao,keyanyuansuodenggefangdeyouxiuzhuanjia,weigaozhiliangkaizhanrencaigongzuotigongzhilizhichi。
(三)強化實施效果評估
強qiang化hua監jian測ce分fen析xi和he績ji效xiao評ping估gu,建jian立li意yi見jian實shi施shi情qing況kuang定ding期qi評ping估gu製zhi度du,探tan索suo引yin入ru第di三san方fang評ping估gu機ji製zhi,適shi時shi開kai展zhan中zhong期qi評ping估gu和he總zong結jie評ping估gu。建jian立li健jian全quan動dong態tai調tiao整zheng機ji製zhi,及ji時shi研yan究jiu解jie決jue意yi見jian實shi施shi中zhong出chu現xian的de新xin情qing況kuang新xin問wen題ti,提ti高gao實shi施shi成cheng效xiao。