http://www.kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-09 03:55:02 來源:中國能源報

jinqi,tianranqifadianshebeiweixiuchengbenguogaobeishouyeneireyi。dapolongduan,shixianshebeiguochanhuachengweinengyuanzhuangbeilingyudefazhanqixu。jinnianshangbannian,zhongguozhiliangxiehuifabude2013年全國裝備製造業企業質量管理現狀調查報告顯示,裝備製造企業質量管理成熟度平均值為63.5分(滿分100分),被調查企業關鍵設備的國產化率隻有52.4%。質量管理不成熟、關鍵設備和零部件國產化率低,依然是製約我國裝備製造業轉型升級的主要瓶頸。
業內專家表示,目前一個不可回避的事實是,在裝備製造向高端化、成(cheng)套(tao)化(hua)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)趨(qu)勢(shi)下(xia),配(pei)套(tao)基(ji)礎(chu)件(jian)短(duan)板(ban)效(xiao)應(ying)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)明(ming)顯(xian),關(guan)鍵(jian)零(ling)部(bu)件(jian)依(yi)賴(lai)進(jin)口(kou),國(guo)外(wai)設(she)備(bei)集(ji)團(tuan)壟(long)斷(duan),成(cheng)為(wei)我(wo)國(guo)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)做(zuo)強(qiang)做(zuo)大(da)的(de)軟(ruan)肋(lei)。在(zai)經(jing)濟(ji)上(shang),外(wai)商(shang)總(zong)會(hui)切(qie)中(zhong)要(yao)害(hai)的(de)抬(tai)高(gao)關(guan)鍵(jian)零(ling)部(bu)件(jian)價(jia)格(ge),使(shi)得(de)裝(zhuang)備(bei)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)仍(reng)受(shou)製(zhi)於(yu)國(guo)外(wai)。
用戶的選擇 促使國產裝備“敗下陣地”
據ju記ji者zhe了le解jie,目mu前qian與yu國guo外wai設she備bei相xiang比bi,國guo產chan設she備bei的de最zui大da優you勢shi還hai是shi在zai於yu價jia格ge,一yi般ban國guo產chan設she備bei的de價jia格ge僅jin為wei進jin口kou同tong類lei產chan品pin的de二er分fen之zhi一yi或huo三san分fen之zhi一yi,高gao檔dang次ci的de產chan品pin與yu國guo外wai同tong類lei產chan品pin相xiang比bi價jia格ge差cha距ju更geng大da,部bu分fen設she備bei已yi經jing完wan全quan實shi現xian國guo產chan化hua。但dan即ji便bian如ru此ci,國guo內nei的de采cai購gou用yong戶hu卻que仍reng以yi各ge種zhong借jie口kou拒ju絕jue使shi用yong,或huo者zhe人ren為wei設she置zhi各ge種zhong障zhang礙ai,增zeng加jia國guo產chan裝zhuang備bei進jin入ru大da型xing市shi場chang的de門men檻kan。還hai有you一yi些xie使shi用yong單dan位wei在zai采cai購gou設she備bei時shi,盲mang目mu追zhui求qiu使shi用yong國guo外wai先xian進jin的de技ji術shu和he設she備bei,既ji不bu考kao慮lv性xing價jia比bi,也ye不bu考kao慮lv國guo內nei製zhi造zao業ye的de同tong步bu發fa展zhan。一yi項xiang技ji術shu還hai沒mei有you推tui廣guang,又you去qu追zhui求qiu其qi他ta技ji術shu或huo裝zhuang備bei,造zao成cheng同tong類lei裝zhuang備bei的de重zhong複fu引yin進jin。
jizhezaitiaozhazhong,duoshurenrentongguochanshebeizaishichangcaigouzhongshouqishizheyixianshi。zaijinjinianhaiguanjinchukoudetongjishujuzhongfaxian,suizhewoguozhuangbeizhizaoshuipingdewenbutigao,zhongdazhuangbeidejinkoushulianghejinequebingweijianshao,fanzhihaizaizengjia。
zhendeshiwoguodezhuangbeichanpinbunengmanzujingjikuaisufazhandexuyaoma?qishiburan。yimingcongshishebeicaigoudeyeneirenshigaosujizhe,muqianzuaishebeiguochanhuafazhan,guoneideyixiecaigouyonghuyoubuketuixiedezeren。liru,zaishebeitoubiaozhongzhexieyonghuyibanhuichuxiansizhongbiaoxian,diyizhong,yezhuhuimingquebiaoshi,zhiyongjinkoushebei,guochanshebeimiantan,guoneichangshangzhijiechibimengeng。dierzhong,yezhuzaibiaoshuzhongwanquantaoyongguowaishebeidejishucanshu。youyuguoneiwaishebeidejishubiaozhun、參(can)數(shu)不(bu)盡(jin)相(xiang)同(tong),使(shi)參(can)加(jia)招(zhao)投(tou)標(biao)的(de)國(guo)內(nei)廠(chang)家(jia)無(wu)所(suo)適(shi)從(cong),根(gen)本(ben)不(bu)可(ke)能(neng)中(zhong)標(biao)。第(di)三(san)種(zhong),業(ye)主(zhu)的(de)采(cai)購(gou)標(biao)書(shu)隻(zhi)賣(mai)給(gei)國(guo)外(wai)廠(chang)商(shang)。第(di)四(si)種(zhong),業(ye)主(zhu)幹(gan)脆(cui)在(zai)標(biao)書(shu)中(zhong)直(zhi)接(jie)指(zhi)定(ding)采(cai)購(gou)某(mou)國(guo)公(gong)司(si)的(de)某(mou)種(zhong)產(chan)品(pin)。
yiweishiyouzhuanjiabiaoshi,jinshinianlai,woguodaxingshiyoushebeiyijingzhongfujinkouduotao,jiumuqianwomenzhuangbeizhizaoxingyedeshejihezhizaoshuipinglaishuo,yijingjubeishengchannenglile。danshi,guoneiyixieyonghurengshiyilaoyanguanglaikandaiguochanshebei,yitiguochan,jiuyoumomingdegulv,buyuanshiyongguochanshebei,guojiahualedaliangzijinyinjinjishu,zhizaoqiyexiaohuaxishouhouyekaifalexuduoxinchanpin,danwangwangyinmeiyouyituogongchengerdebudaoyanzheng,huobeiyonghuyimeiyouyunxingyejiweiyouboduotoubiaozige,shiwomenzhizaozhuangbeiqiyemeiyoushijiandejihui。chanpinruguomeiyoushijiandejihui,jishuyejiumeiyoudedaogaijindejihui。
國人應當擁有 “生土不二”的國貨情結
即ji使shi國guo內nei產chan品pin做zuo得de不bu好hao也ye要yao嚐chang試shi去qu用yong,發fa現xian問wen題ti,從cong而er改gai進jin。這zhe一yi點dian,在zai韓han國guo就jiu有you典dian型xing的de例li子zi。其qi國guo人ren的de國guo貨huo情qing結jie體ti現xian在zai每mei個ge國guo人ren身shen上shang。有you媒mei體ti報bao道dao,韓han國guo明ming星xing金jin喜xi善shan曾zeng被bei邀yao請qing到dao中zhong國guo來lai參can加jia商shang業ye活huo動dong,金jin喜xi善shan發fa現xian車che隊dui中zhong沒mei有you韓han國guo車che,就jiu拒ju絕jue乘cheng坐zuo德de國guo進jin口kou車che離li開kai。金jin喜xi善shan說shuo自zi己ji是shi韓han國guo人ren,就jiu應ying該gai坐zuo本ben國guo車che。前qian蘇su聯lian也ye是shi如ru此ci,國guo人ren普pu遍bian有you濃nong厚hou的de國guo貨huo情qing結jie。而er事shi實shi證zheng明ming裝zhuang備bei產chan品pin隻zhi有you經jing過guo"用",才能變得越來越好。
中zhong國guo機ji械xie工gong業ye聯lian合he會hui原yuan總zong工gong程cheng師shi隋sui永yong濱bin指zhi出chu,振zhen興xing裝zhuang備bei製zhi造zao業ye任ren重zhong道dao遠yuan,是shi一yi項xiang長chang期qi的de戰zhan略lve部bu署shu和he安an排pai,雖sui然ran國guo家jia已yi經jing出chu台tai相xiang關guan政zheng策ce支zhi持chi重zhong大da裝zhuang備bei國guo產chan化hua,但dan未wei來lai5niannei,zhongguozhongdazhuangbeizhizaoxingyeruguobunengdazaochujigedajituan,xingchengzijidetese,zaiguanjianzhuangbeifangmianshixianguochanhua,zhuangbeizhizaoyezhenzhengyiyidezhenxingrengjiangyaoyaowuqi。guer,xiangguanqiyeyinggaishikebawoshichangdemaibo,shulijituanzuozhandeyishi;相關用戶應給予大力的支持和配合,應有韓國人“生土不二”的精神,為重大裝備的國產化提供必需的市場機會。
莫讓“本土化” 阻礙“國產化”步伐
zaijingjiquanqiuhuadejintian,henduokuaguogongsixuanzezaihaiwaitouzijianlishengchanzhizaojidi。muqianhenduowaiziqiyezaihuajianchang。guoneiyonghumaideshiheziqiyedechanpin,suiranzhexiechanpindoushizaiguoneishengchan,danqi80%的(de)零(ling)部(bu)件(jian)是(shi)從(cong)國(guo)外(wai)的(de)母(mu)廠(chang)進(jin)口(kou)的(de),這(zhe)些(xie)產(chan)品(pin)國(guo)產(chan)化(hua)的(de)技(ji)術(shu)含(han)量(liang)幾(ji)乎(hu)沒(mei)有(you),而(er)這(zhe)種(zhong)產(chan)品(pin)在(zai)目(mu)前(qian)市(shi)場(chang)中(zhong)又(you)占(zhan)據(ju)著(zhe)相(xiang)當(dang)大(da)的(de)比(bi)重(zhong),無(wu)形(xing)中(zhong)擠(ji)占(zhan)了(le)國(guo)內(nei)裝(zhuang)備(bei)製(zhi)造(zao)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)空(kong)間(jian)。
原機械工業部副部長陸燕蓀告訴記者,近期,一些國外裝備企業通過資本、技術入股等方式在我國投資辦廠,在我們看來,實現了技術裝備的“本土化”。這對於我方學習先進管理經驗、吸收先進技術無疑有著積極意義。但必須清醒地認識到,這些“本土化”了的技術裝備產品,表麵看是在我國生產的,但其關鍵核心技術多掌握在外方,產品最有價值的部分並不是“國產”的。因此,不能因為“本土化”技術裝備產品的增加,而放鬆技術裝備“國產化”的步伐。
對(dui)於(yu)用(yong)戶(hu)而(er)言(yan),希(xi)望(wang)購(gou)買(mai)的(de)設(she)備(bei)質(zhi)量(liang)優(you)良(liang),技(ji)術(shu)先(xian)進(jin),這(zhe)都(dou)無(wu)可(ke)厚(hou)非(fei)。當(dang)然(ran),國(guo)內(nei)企(qi)業(ye)在(zai)推(tui)進(jin)國(guo)產(chan)化(hua)的(de)道(dao)路(lu)上(shang)也(ye)存(cun)在(zai)許(xu)多(duo)質(zhi)量(liang)上(shang)的(de)問(wen)題(ti),但(dan)不(bu)能(neng)因(yin)此(ci)否(fou)認(ren)其(qi)取(qu)得(de)的(de)國(guo)產(chan)化(hua)成(cheng)績(ji),懷(huai)疑(yi)其(qi)國(guo)產(chan)化(hua)的(de)水(shui)平(ping),拒(ju)絕(jue)搭(da)建(jian)平(ping)台(tai)、geiyuzhanxiandejihui。congmouzhongyiyishangeryan,zuoweichanyelianshangxiayouguanxi,yonghuhezhuangbeiyerutongchunchi,cunzaijinmideguanxi,yirongjurong,yisunjusun。yinci,ruoxiangzuoqiangwoguozhuangbeizhizaoye,shixianwoguozhuangbeizhizaoyedeqiangguozhimeng,jiasutuijinzhuangbeizhizaoyeguochanhuajincheng,shixianqizizhuhuachuangxin,shiwoguozhengfu、製造企業和用戶共同的責任與使命。