http://www.kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-08 01:36:46
棉花是我國主要種植的農作物,在國民經濟發展中的地位舉足輕重。當前,我國棉花生產技術裝備的自動化、智能化水平較低,整體上,我國棉花種植生產機械裝備技術水平與國外先進技術水平有較大差距。十一五”期間,科技部依托農業裝備產業技術創新戰略聯盟組織實施了國家863計劃重點項目“現代農機智能裝備與技術研究”,開展了棉花種植生產中關鍵的打頂、采收環節技術裝備的智能控製係統技術及集成研究,項目取得了重要的階段性進展,對產業支撐作用逐步顯現。
項目研究的自走式棉花打頂技術與裝置,可有效替代以往化學藥物打頂方式、人ren工gong打da頂ding方fang式shi,降jiang低di農nong業ye麵mian源yuan汙wu染ran風feng險xian,降jiang低di棉mian花hua種zhong植zhi過guo程cheng中zhong的de成cheng本ben,同tong時shi,根gen據ju棉mian花hua生sheng長chang植zhi株zhu形xing態tai和he棉mian田tian地di麵mian特te征zheng,研yan究jiu采cai用yong自zi動dong化hua程cheng度du高gao、jishuxianjindedimianshishifangxingjishu,shixianmianhuafangxingdading,zuidaxiandujiangdidadingguochengduimianhuazhizhushengchangdeyingxianghezhizhumianlingdesunshi,tigaomianhuachanliang。gaodixizizoushidipancaiyongyeyajishuyudiankongjishuxiangjiehe,silunqudong、前qian輪lun液ye壓ya轉zhuan向xiang的de結jie構gou型xing式shi,采cai用yong電dian子zi控kong製zhi的de牽qian引yin控kong製zhi和he防fang滑hua係xi統tong,實shi現xian了le電dian子zi控kong製zhi係xi統tong和he液ye壓ya驅qu動dong係xi統tong的de有you機ji結jie合he,有you效xiao解jie決jue了le因yin地di表biao不bu平ping、土壤鬆軟、濕滑等原因造成的輪胎打滑、跑偏和行走困難等問題,保證噴霧機的正常行駛和作業。
在采棉機智能控製係統研究方麵,突破了采棉機的在線產量測量、基於動態負荷的行走速度調控、指zhi式shi水shui平ping摘zhai錠ding複fu合he運yun動dong采cai棉mian機ji械xie手shou的de對dui行xing和he微wei地di貌mao自zi動dong仿fang形xing與yu離li地di間jian隙xi調tiao控kong等deng共gong性xing關guan鍵jian技ji術shu,實shi現xian了le智zhi能neng化hua控kong製zhi係xi統tong的de集ji成cheng,提ti高gao了le作zuo業ye性xing能neng,實shi現xian我wo國guo自zi走zou式shi采cai棉mian機ji的de智zhi能neng化hua控kong製zhi升sheng級ji,掌zhang握wo了le智zhi能neng化hua采cai棉mian機ji的de核he心xin技ji術shu。
項目實施有效解決了棉花種植生產中的打頂和采摘環節占用勞動量大、機械裝備水平較低、guanjianzhongdazhuangbeiyilaijinkoudewenti,xingchenglezizhuzhishichanquandejishuzhuangbei,weishixianmianhuashengchanquanchengjixiehuatigonglezhongyaodezhicheng,tigaolewoguomianhuachanlianghezhiliang,shixianmianhuameimushourubitongguorengongdading、采收增加經濟收入100~150元yuan,較jiao大da幅fu度du增zeng加jia農nong民min收shou入ru。項xiang目mu實shi施shi促cu進jin了le棉mian花hua產chan業ye發fa展zhan方fang式shi轉zhuan變bian,提ti升sheng了le產chan業ye發fa展zhan水shui平ping,提ti高gao了le產chan業ye競jing爭zheng力li,推tui進jin了le新xin疆jiang等deng棉mian花hua產chan區qu實shi現xian資zi源yuan優you勢shi向xiang經jing濟ji優you勢shi轉zhuan變bian,促cu進jin地di區qu經jing濟ji社she會hui發fa展zhan。