http://www.kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-09 23:07:06 來源:中國經濟時報 張一鳴
疫yi情qing或huo將jiang加jia速su中zhong國guo重zhong化hua工gong業ye整zheng合he的de進jin程cheng,短duan期qi內nei一yi些xie抗kang風feng險xian能neng力li較jiao弱ruo的de企qi業ye或huo將jiang受shou到dao衝chong擊ji,後hou期qi隨sui著zhe上shang遊you需xu求qiu的de恢hui複fu,行xing業ye將jiang維wei持chi之zhi前qian的de發fa展zhan態tai勢shi,亟ji待dai提ti速su轉zhuan型xing升sheng級ji進jin程cheng。
國家統計局3月16日發布的數據顯示,1—2月份,規模以上工業增加值同比實際下降13.5%,2月份,規模以上工業增加值比上月下降26.63%。其中1—2月份,采礦業增加值同比下降6.5%,製造業下降15.7%,電力、熱力、燃氣及水生產和供應業下降7.1%。
重化工業是工業的重要組成部分,中國經濟時報記者從多家市場分析機構獲悉,鋼鐵、煤炭、石化、水泥等重化工業2月以來,幾乎所有的行業與去年同期相比,產量和收入都大幅下降。
國guo務wu院yuan發fa展zhan研yan究jiu中zhong心xin產chan業ye經jing濟ji研yan究jiu部bu副fu部bu長chang許xu召zhao元yuan在zai接jie受shou中zhong國guo經jing濟ji時shi報bao記ji者zhe采cai訪fang時shi表biao示shi,疫yi情qing導dao致zhi很hen多duo產chan品pin需xu求qiu大da幅fu降jiang低di,短duan期qi對dui重zhong化hua工gong行xing業ye產chan生sheng了le很hen大da衝chong擊ji,但dan隨sui著zhe各ge地di開kai複fu工gong進jin程cheng正zheng在zai加jia快kuai,供gong給gei不bu平ping衡heng的de現xian象xiang會hui逐zhu步bu好hao轉zhuan。
shiyoushihuaxingyeshoudaodechongjizuiweimingxian,yiqingbujinyingxiangdaoshichanggongxu,haiyinqishateheeluosiliangdachanyouguoduiyiqingyingxiangchanshengfenqi,shatedaguimozengchandaozhiguojiyuanyoujiagedafuxiadie,maoyishangheyuanyoujiagongqiyemianlinchongji。zhongguoshiyouhehuaxuegongyelianhehuifuhuichangfuxiangshengfenxishuo,yijiduchengpinyoujihuagongchanpindechanxiaodoujiangchuxianjiaoweimingxiandexiajiang。danyiqingguohou,xiayouxiaofeihuichuxianmingxianfandan。yujierjiduhoushichanghuiyinglaixinyilundefanrong,jiagedeshangshengjianghuitishengxingyelirun。
過去幾年裏,中國新建了一批石油石化裝置,一些之前需要大量從國外進口的石化產品,產能迅速放大,包括煉油、芳烴、聚酯,甚至烯烴、有機矽、聚碳酸酯等過去短缺的化學品的產能過剩。受此影響,2019年石化全行業營業收入小幅增長,利潤卻降幅超過一成,其中煉油業務下降幅度最大,超過四成。
買化塑COO陸(lu)寧(ning)在(zai)接(jie)受(shou)本(ben)報(bao)記(ji)者(zhe)采(cai)訪(fang)時(shi)坦(tan)言(yan),由(you)於(yu)下(xia)遊(you)需(xu)求(qiu)低(di)迷(mi),石(shi)化(hua)產(chan)品(pin)價(jia)格(ge)下(xia)滑(hua)的(de)趨(qu)勢(shi)還(hai)將(jiang)持(chi)續(xu),而(er)疫(yi)情(qing)影(ying)響(xiang)市(shi)場(chang)需(xu)求(qiu),未(wei)來(lai)行(xing)業(ye)的(de)集(ji)中(zhong)度(du)會(hui)不(bu)斷(duan)攀(pan)升(sheng),出(chu)現(xian)在(zai)各(ge)個(ge)細(xi)分(fen)石(shi)化(hua)產(chan)品(pin)板(ban)塊(kuai)的(de)壟(long)斷(duan)企(qi)業(ye)。
“xianzaikuodachannenghechanliangdeqiyedabufenshiguoyoudaxingqiyeheshangshiminyingqiye,jiagedexiatan,huishidezhexieqiyenenggouyijiahuanshi,jinyibujiasuzhongxiaoqiyedetuichu,zengjiadaqiyedeshichangzhanyoulv,huodechanpindingjiaquan。yejiushishuo,shihuaxingyezhengchuzaichanyejiegoutiaozhenghegonggeicejiegouxinggaigebuduantuijindejieduan。”他說。
鋼鐵和煤炭是重化工業中率先啟動去產能的行業,2016-2018年,我國累計壓減粗鋼產能1.5億噸以上,退出煤炭落後產能8.1億噸,淘汰關停落後煤電機組2000萬千瓦以上,均提前兩年完成“十三五”去產能目標任務。但2019年鋼鐵和煤炭行業均麵臨產量增加、營業額增長、利潤下降的問題。與此同時,水泥、bolidengjiancaichanpin,dianjielvdengyousechanpinyezailuxutuijinquchannenggongzuo,danyuzhiqiangangtiehemeitandexingzhenghuaquchannengbutong,gengduoyihuanbaoshouduanheshichanghuajizhideng,yindaoxingyezifa“出清”。
xuzhaoyuanshuo,zhonghuagongyemuqianrengchuyuzhuanxingshengjideguochengzhong,yiqingduibushaoqiyeshiyigedadechongji,duixingyezhuanxingshengjiyeshiyigewaibutuili。meiyicidadechongji,douyouyixieqiyehuaweiweiji,kuodazishenyoushi,baokuojianligengrouxingdexinjishu、更智能的營銷倉儲運係統、更強大的企業合作聯合等,危機給了優秀企業脫穎而出的機會,並將引領行業的升級步伐。
許xu召zhao元yuan強qiang調tiao,重zhong化hua工gong行xing業ye的de轉zhuan型xing升sheng級ji包bao括kuo多duo個ge維wei度du,其qi中zhong最zui重zhong要yao的de有you兩liang個ge方fang麵mian,一yi是shi產chan品pin質zhi量liang升sheng級ji,即ji企qi業ye不bu斷duan采cai用yong新xin技ji術shu,不bu斷duan創chuang新xin,提ti升sheng產chan品pin的de品pin質zhi、附加值和競爭力,用更好的產品適應升級的市場需求。二是從市場結構看,逐步形成和產品特性相匹配的行業市場結構。我國規模大、人口多、區域廣闊,很多產業都在發展初期存在企業數量過多、低水平同質化競爭的現象。
“dangqian,zhonghuagongyegengjiaxuyaoxingchengyizhongshichangjizhongdujiaogaodexingyejiegou,biruduigangtiezheleichanpintongzhihuaershengchanlianxuxinghenqiangdexingye,shichangxuqiubodongyouda,zhiyaoyouyigejiaogaodeshichangjizhongdu,shichanglongtouqiyezhanyouhendadefene,zhexielongtouqiyecaikeyijinxingneibuxietiaojianchanhuozengchan,shixianshichanggongxupingheng,fensandeshichangjiegouhenrongyixianrutongzhihuajiagejingzhengdezhuangkuang,shenzhigongdayuqiu,jiagexiajiang,qiyeshourujianshao,xiwangzengchanzengshou,danshijishang,zaijiagegengdideexingxunhuanzhong,buliyuxingyewendingfazhan。yinci,dangqianshichangyijingchuxianleyixiegangtiejituandejianbingzhongzu,birubaowuhebing、寶武吸收馬鋼,河北敬業收購英國鋼鐵等並購案例,這體現了重化工業轉型升級的一個重要方向。”他說。