http://www.kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-09 05:57:54 來源:經濟日報
在zai瑞rui士shi,一yi個ge以yi自zi動dong化hua和he機ji器qi人ren普pu及ji為wei特te征zheng的de新xin時shi代dai正zheng在zai來lai臨lin。隨sui著zhe第di四si次ci工gong業ye革ge命ming深shen入ru發fa展zhan,在zai瑞rui士shi經jing濟ji領ling域yu中zhong,自zi動dong化hua替ti代dai勞lao動dong力li的de趨qu勢shi正zheng在zai不bu斷duan增zeng強qiang,社she會hui生sheng產chan的de“機器化”似乎不再遙遠。
2015年的1月份可謂是瑞士經濟的一個轉折點,當時瑞士央行被迫宣布取消1歐元兌1.20瑞士法郎的彙率下限政策,瑞郎彙率隨之在短時間內升值超過30%,cihouyizhiweichiqiangshi。youyuruishibentushichangguimoyouxian,jingjigaoduyilaichukou,ruilangshengzhiduihongguanjingjidexiaojiyingxiangchixufajiao,ruishichukouchanyezaiquanqiushichangyouqishiouzhoushichangdejingzhenglingxianyoushizhujiansuoxiao。
zhenduizheyiyanjuntiaozhan,benjiuchengshouzhegaoerengongchengbenyalideruishiqiyekaishijixiwangyujishuchuangxin,tebieshixiwangzidonghuahejiqirenkeyizhuqiniuzhuanqiankun。ruishiguzhuxiehuifayanrenhansaqiaogen·施密德說:“高昂的薪酬和堅挺的瑞郎都不利於瑞士工業的發展,但工業4.0有助於抵消這些負麵因素。”根據世界經濟論壇發布的《全球競爭力報告》,瑞士已連續8年位列榜首,強大的科技創新能力被認為是瑞士長期保持競爭力排名領先地位的關鍵因素。施密德說:“瑞士擁有技能高超的勞動力、出色的科研和教育體係。開發這項高精尖技術,瑞士是準備最充分的國家之一。”
在瑞士企業看來,機器人可以與人類並肩工作:傳感器可以甄別生產線上的潛在問題,智能軟件可以協調生產、裝配、物流以及訂購新原料等各個操作步驟……ruishiqiwangtongguojishuchuangxin,rangjiqirenqudaihenduochuantonglaodongmijixingxingyedegangwei,gengxiwangkeyizaiqitalingyuchuangzaoanquanqieyoujiazhidexinjiuyejihui,birubianchenglingyuhejiqirenweixiulingyu。ruishilianbangtongjijudeshujuxianshi,jin15年來,瑞士服務業數字化和管理工作的自動化,已縮減了逾18萬個行政崗位。同一時期,知識與科技型職業的工作崗位數量則翻了不止一番,增加61.4萬個工作崗位,目前已占工作崗位總數的四分之一多。
麵(mian)對(dui)第(di)四(si)次(ci)工(gong)業(ye)革(ge)命(ming)的(de)到(dao)來(lai),瑞(rui)士(shi)政(zheng)府(fu)反(fan)應(ying)敏(min)銳(rui),不(bu)僅(jin)把(ba)機(ji)器(qi)人(ren)定(ding)位(wei)為(wei)戰(zhan)略(lve)發(fa)展(zhan)方(fang)向(xiang),並(bing)且(qie)建(jian)立(li)了(le)瑞(rui)士(shi)國(guo)家(jia)機(ji)器(qi)人(ren)能(neng)力(li)研(yan)究(jiu)中(zhong)心(xin),對(dui)機(ji)器(qi)人(ren)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)研(yan)發(fa)和(he)普(pu)及(ji)發(fa)揮(hui)了(le)不(bu)可(ke)或(huo)缺(que)的(de)推(tui)動(dong)作(zuo)用(yong)。瑞(rui)士(shi)政(zheng)府(fu)認(ren)為(wei),機(ji)器(qi)人(ren)領(ling)域(yu)不(bu)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)純(chun)科(ke)學(xue)領(ling)域(yu),而(er)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)需(xu)要(yao)向(xiang)外(wai)看(kan)的(de)領(ling)域(yu),因(yin)此(ci)將(jiang)該(gai)研(yan)究(jiu)中(zhong)心(xin)作(zuo)為(wei)連(lian)接(jie)產(chan)業(ye)和(he)科(ke)研(yan)的(de)橋(qiao)梁(liang),力(li)求(qiu)促(cu)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)與(yu)科(ke)研(yan)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)雙(shuang)向(xiang)交(jiao)流(liu)。
jiuchuangxineryan,zhengfuzaichuangxinlianqianduantouzinengfahuigengdadezuoyong。ruishizhengfujishirenshidaolezheyidian,zaiqianduanjiangchuangxinxiangshichangsuoxudefangxiangyindao,jianliledatongchanyehekeyangoutongyuziyouliudongdepingtai。shijianzhengming,zhezhongfangshibidanchundebutieqiyehuozhejianshuixiaoguogenghao。zheduiyuruishidetilianglaishuo,yekeyibijiaorongyidijiangquanguosuoyouxiangguanziyuanjizhongqilai,jianliqikaifangdechuizhichuangxinwangluo。duiqiyelaishuo,shouxianyushangyejingzheng,zhishifenxiangkenenggengweikunnan,danruishizhengfuzaizhefangmiannengfahuigengduoyoushi。
世shi界jie經jing濟ji論lun壇tan預yu測ce,當dang前qian小xiao學xue生sheng中zhong有you三san分fen之zhi二er未wei來lai會hui從cong事shi如ru今jin尚shang不bu存cun在zai的de職zhi業ye。可ke見jian,無wu論lun是shi對dui於yu優you化hua瑞rui士shi工gong業ye格ge局ju還hai是shi對dui於yu促cu進jin就jiu業ye,當dang前qian這zhe波bo自zi動dong化hua浪lang潮chao都dou可ke以yi說shuo是shi恰qia逢feng其qi時shi。