http://www.kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-09 01:48:56 來源:中國經濟時報 張一鳴
yiqinghuojiangjiasuzhongguozhonghuagongyezhenghedejincheng,duanqineiyixiekangfengxiannenglijiaoruodeqiyehuojiangshoudaochongji,houqisuizheshangyouxuqiudehuifu,xingyejiangweichizhiqiandefazhantaishi,jidaitisuzhuanxingshengjijincheng。
國家統計局3月16日發布的數據顯示,1—2月份,規模以上工業增加值同比實際下降13.5%,2月份,規模以上工業增加值比上月下降26.63%。其中1—2月份,采礦業增加值同比下降6.5%,製造業下降15.7%,電力、熱力、燃氣及水生產和供應業下降7.1%。
重化工業是工業的重要組成部分,中國經濟時報記者從多家市場分析機構獲悉,鋼鐵、煤炭、石化、水泥等重化工業2月以來,幾乎所有的行業與去年同期相比,產量和收入都大幅下降。
guowuyuanfazhanyanjiuzhongxinchanyejingjiyanjiubufubuchangxuzhaoyuanzaijieshouzhongguojingjishibaojizhecaifangshibiaoshi,yiqingdaozhihenduochanpinxuqiudafujiangdi,duanqiduizhonghuagongxingyechanshenglehendachongji,dansuizhegedikaifugongjinchengzhengzaijiakuai,gonggeibupinghengdexianxianghuizhubuhaozhuan。
shiyoushihuaxingyeshoudaodechongjizuiweimingxian,yiqingbujinyingxiangdaoshichanggongxu,haiyinqishateheeluosiliangdachanyouguoduiyiqingyingxiangchanshengfenqi,shatedaguimozengchandaozhiguojiyuanyoujiagedafuxiadie,maoyishangheyuanyoujiagongqiyemianlinchongji。zhongguoshiyouhehuaxuegongyelianhehuifuhuichangfuxiangshengfenxishuo,yijiduchengpinyoujihuagongchanpindechanxiaodoujiangchuxianjiaoweimingxiandexiajiang。danyiqingguohou,xiayouxiaofeihuichuxianmingxianfandan。yujierjiduhoushichanghuiyinglaixinyilundefanrong,jiagedeshangshengjianghuitishengxingyelirun。
過去幾年裏,中國新建了一批石油石化裝置,一些之前需要大量從國外進口的石化產品,產能迅速放大,包括煉油、芳烴、聚酯,甚至烯烴、有機矽、聚碳酸酯等過去短缺的化學品的產能過剩。受此影響,2019年石化全行業營業收入小幅增長,利潤卻降幅超過一成,其中煉油業務下降幅度最大,超過四成。
買化塑COOluningzaijieshoubenbaojizhecaifangshitanyan,youyuxiayouxuqiudimi,shihuachanpinjiagexiahuadequshihaijiangchixu,eryiqingyingxiangshichangxuqiu,weilaixingyedejizhongduhuibuduanpansheng,chuxianzaigegexifenshihuachanpinbankuaidelongduanqiye。
“現xian在zai擴kuo大da產chan能neng和he產chan量liang的de企qi業ye大da部bu分fen是shi國guo有you大da型xing企qi業ye和he上shang市shi民min營ying企qi業ye,價jia格ge的de下xia探tan,會hui使shi得de這zhe些xie企qi業ye能neng夠gou以yi價jia換huan市shi,進jin一yi步bu加jia速su中zhong小xiao企qi業ye的de退tui出chu,增zeng加jia大da企qi業ye的de市shi場chang占zhan有you率lv,獲huo得de產chan品pin定ding價jia權quan。也ye就jiu是shi說shuo,石shi化hua行xing業ye正zheng處chu在zai產chan業ye結jie構gou調tiao整zheng和he供gong給gei側ce結jie構gou性xing改gai革ge不bu斷duan推tui進jin的de階jie段duan。”他說。
鋼鐵和煤炭是重化工業中率先啟動去產能的行業,2016-2018年,我國累計壓減粗鋼產能1.5億噸以上,退出煤炭落後產能8.1億噸,淘汰關停落後煤電機組2000萬千瓦以上,均提前兩年完成“十三五”去產能目標任務。但2019年鋼鐵和煤炭行業均麵臨產量增加、營業額增長、利潤下降的問題。與此同時,水泥、玻bo璃li等deng建jian材cai產chan品pin,電dian解jie鋁lv等deng有you色se產chan品pin也ye在zai陸lu續xu推tui進jin去qu產chan能neng工gong作zuo,但dan與yu之zhi前qian鋼gang鐵tie和he煤mei炭tan的de行xing政zheng化hua去qu產chan能neng不bu同tong,更geng多duo以yi環huan保bao手shou段duan和he市shi場chang化hua機ji製zhi等deng,引yin導dao行xing業ye自zi發fa“出清”。
許(xu)召(zhao)元(yuan)說(shuo),重(zhong)化(hua)工(gong)業(ye)目(mu)前(qian)仍(reng)處(chu)於(yu)轉(zhuan)型(xing)升(sheng)級(ji)的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),疫(yi)情(qing)對(dui)不(bu)少(shao)企(qi)業(ye)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)大(da)的(de)衝(chong)擊(ji),對(dui)行(xing)業(ye)轉(zhuan)型(xing)升(sheng)級(ji)也(ye)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)外(wai)部(bu)推(tui)力(li)。每(mei)一(yi)次(ci)大(da)的(de)衝(chong)擊(ji),都(dou)有(you)一(yi)些(xie)企(qi)業(ye)化(hua)危(wei)為(wei)機(ji),擴(kuo)大(da)自(zi)身(shen)優(you)勢(shi),包(bao)括(kuo)建(jian)立(li)更(geng)柔(rou)性(xing)的(de)新(xin)技(ji)術(shu)、更智能的營銷倉儲運係統、更強大的企業合作聯合等,危機給了優秀企業脫穎而出的機會,並將引領行業的升級步伐。
許xu召zhao元yuan強qiang調tiao,重zhong化hua工gong行xing業ye的de轉zhuan型xing升sheng級ji包bao括kuo多duo個ge維wei度du,其qi中zhong最zui重zhong要yao的de有you兩liang個ge方fang麵mian,一yi是shi產chan品pin質zhi量liang升sheng級ji,即ji企qi業ye不bu斷duan采cai用yong新xin技ji術shu,不bu斷duan創chuang新xin,提ti升sheng產chan品pin的de品pin質zhi、附加值和競爭力,用更好的產品適應升級的市場需求。二是從市場結構看,逐步形成和產品特性相匹配的行業市場結構。我國規模大、人口多、區域廣闊,很多產業都在發展初期存在企業數量過多、低水平同質化競爭的現象。
“dangqian,zhonghuagongyegengjiaxuyaoxingchengyizhongshichangjizhongdujiaogaodexingyejiegou,biruduigangtiezheleichanpintongzhihuaershengchanlianxuxinghenqiangdexingye,shichangxuqiubodongyouda,zhiyaoyouyigejiaogaodeshichangjizhongdu,shichanglongtouqiyezhanyouhendadefene,zhexielongtouqiyecaikeyijinxingneibuxietiaojianchanhuozengchan,shixianshichanggongxupingheng,fensandeshichangjiegouhenrongyixianrutongzhihuajiagejingzhengdezhuangkuang,shenzhigongdayuqiu,jiagexiajiang,qiyeshourujianshao,xiwangzengchanzengshou,danshijishang,zaijiagegengdideexingxunhuanzhong,buliyuxingyewendingfazhan。yinci,dangqianshichangyijingchuxianleyixiegangtiejituandejianbingzhongzu,birubaowuhebing、寶武吸收馬鋼,河北敬業收購英國鋼鐵等並購案例,這體現了重化工業轉型升級的一個重要方向。”他說。