zaiguojijinrongweijimanyan
，shijiejingjixingshifuzaduobiandehuanjingxia，geguozhengzhiliyutongguotiaozhengchanyejiegou
，yingduijinrongweijidetiaozhan，huifujingjizengchangdedongli。yucitongshi，zhongguoyezhengtongguojijidezhiduchuangxinyouhuachanyejiegouyubuju，baituojinrongweijideshufu，baochijingjichixu、健康和快速發展。2009年nian中zhong央yang經jing濟ji工gong作zuo會hui議yi特te別bie指zhi出chu要yao從cong製zhi度du安an排pai入ru手shou
，因yin勢shi利li導dao引yin導dao國guo際ji產chan業ye有you序xu地di向xiang本ben國guo轉zhuan移yi，亦yi是shi讓rang我wo們men充chong分fen利li用yong金jin融rong危wei機ji引yin致zhi的de全quan球qiu產chan業ye結jie構gou調tiao整zheng和he國guo際ji分fen工gong重zhong組zu的de曆li史shi契qi機ji，吸xi引yin科ke技ji含han量liang和he產chan品pin附fu加jia值zhi高gao的de現xian代dai先xian進jin產chan業ye和he高gao端duan生sheng產chan環huan節jie向xiang本ben國guo轉zhuan移yi，推tui動dong我wo國guo產chan業ye結jie構gou的de優you化hua與yu升sheng級ji。引yin導dao國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu

　　國guo際ji金jin融rong危wei機ji的de爆bao發fa導dao致zhi了le全quan球qiu經jing濟ji的de衰shuai退tui，促cu使shi世shi界jie各ge國guo設she計ji有you效xiao的de製zhi度du安an排pai調tiao整zheng產chan業ye結jie構gou，以yi作zuo為wei應ying對dui金jin融rong危wei機ji的de主zhu要yao手shou段duan，這zhe使shi得de金jin融rong危wei機ji有you可ke能neng為wei中zhong國guo引yin導dao和he承cheng接jie國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi創chuang造zao了le一yi次ci難nan得de的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu。

　　一方麵
，金融危機為中國引導國際產業轉移創造了客觀的曆史機遇。從全球維度來看，雖然隨著世界經濟一體化的深入發展，資本、jishuhelaodonglidengshengchanyaosuzaishichangjizhidezuoyongxiaquanqiuliudongyuzuhepeizhi
，cuicuzheyiguohuodiquneibudechanyexiangjuyoubijiaoyoushidediquzhuanyi，danshi，youyufadaguojiabifazhanzhongguojiabiaoxianchujiaogaodejingjifazhanshuipinghejiaoqiangdekejililiang，shidetamenzaishijiefengongtixiheliyifenpeigejuzhongzhanjuzhudaodiwei。tamenjiangziyuanxiaohaohehuanjingwuranshuipinggao、技ji術shu含han量liang和he產chan品pin附fu加jia值zhi低di的de產chan業ye向xiang發fa展zhan中zhong國guo家jia和he不bu發fa達da國guo家jia轉zhuan移yi，以yi騰teng出chu地di域yu空kong間jian發fa展zhan科ke技ji含han量liang和he產chan品pin附fu加jia值zhi高gao的de先xian進jin產chan業ye和he生sheng產chan環huan節jie，以yi維wei持chi自zi身shen在zai產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian高gao端duan的de優you勢shi地di位wei。然ran而er，由you於yu處chu於yu產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian高gao端duan的de生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he先xian進jin產chan業ye多duo是shi資zi本ben與yu技ji術shu密mi集ji型xing的de非fei物wu質zhi生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he產chan業ye，國guo際ji金jin融rong危wei機ji的de爆bao發fa使shi得de金jin融rong資zi本ben斷duan裂lie，導dao致zhi非fei物wu質zhi生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he產chan業ye缺que乏fa金jin融rong資zi本ben的de支zhi撐cheng，因yin而er，金jin融rong危wei機ji強qiang烈lie地di衝chong擊ji了le發fa達da國guo家jia內nei部bu不bu合he理li的de剛gang性xing產chan業ye結jie構gou，必bi然ran促cu使shi它ta們men重zhong新xin協xie調tiao非fei物wu質zhi生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he產chan業ye與yu實shi物wu生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he產chan業ye的de相xiang對dui比bi重zhong
，將jiang一yi部bu分fen處chu於yu產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian高gao端duan的de生sheng產chan環huan節jie和he資zi本ben與yu技ji術shu密mi集ji型xing的de先xian進jin產chan業ye向xiang海hai外wai轉zhuan移yi，由you此ci可ke能neng形xing成cheng國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi的de新xin浪lang潮chao。

　　另ling一yi方fang麵mian，金jin融rong危wei機ji為wei中zhong國guo引yin導dao國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi創chuang造zao了le主zhu觀guan的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu。改gai革ge開kai放fang三san十shi多duo年nian的de曆li史shi經jing驗yan表biao明ming
，中zhong國guo成cheng功gong的de製zhi度du轉zhuan型xing有you效xiao地di促cu進jin了le經jing濟ji結jie構gou的de優you化hua和he經jing濟ji增zeng長chang方fang式shi的de轉zhuan變bian，產chan生sheng了le“經濟增長奇跡”，極ji大da地di縮suo小xiao了le與yu發fa達da國guo家jia的de經jing濟ji發fa展zhan差cha距ju。即ji使shi國guo際ji金jin融rong危wei機ji席xi卷juan全quan球qiu
，致zhi使shi世shi界jie各ge國guo經jing濟ji下xia滑hua，中zhong國guo雖sui然ran也ye無wu一yi例li外wai地di不bu能neng幸xing免mian，然ran而er
，正zheng當dang世shi界jie各ge國guo致zhi力li於yu尋xun找zhao金jin融rong危wei機ji的de應ying對dui之zhi策ce時shi，中zhong國guo憑ping借jie對dui外wai開kai放fang三san十shi多duo年nian所suo積ji累lei的de物wu質zhi基ji礎chu和he及ji時shi有you效xiao的de製zhi度du安an排pai，率lv先xian走zou出chu了le金jin融rong危wei機ji的de陰yin霾mai
，使shi得de發fa達da國guo家jia的de跨kua國guo公gong司si在zai麵mian臨lin本ben土tu生sheng產chan與yu經jing營ying環huan境jing惡e化hua時shi，重zhong新xin審shen視shi中zhong國guo的de生sheng產chan成cheng本ben和he交jiao易yi成cheng本ben優you勢shi所suo帶dai來lai的de生sheng產chan和he經jing營ying環huan境jing的de改gai善shan。此ci時shi，中zhong國guo有you可ke能neng依yi靠kao製zhi度du轉zhuan型xing所suo累lei積ji的de經jing驗yan
，進jin一yi步bu調tiao整zheng政zheng策ce和he創chuang新xin製zhi度du
，創chuang造zao產chan業ye升sheng級ji的de新xin環huan境jing
，主zhu動dong引yin導dao和he承cheng接jie國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi
，並bing在zai本ben國guo培pei育yu完wan整zheng的de產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian

，優you化hua產chan業ye的de空kong間jian布bu局ju
，推tui動dong產chan業ye結jie構gou升sheng級ji。引yin導dao國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi的de製zhi度du創chuang新xin

　　zhongguozuoweizhengchuyugongyehuajinchengzhongdeshijieshangzuidadefazhanzhongguojia，yaoqiaojiejinrongweijidelishijiyu
，jiakuaixiandaigongyehuajincheng
，shixiandaguodejingjiganchao，biranxuyaotongguozhiduchuangxinyindaoguojixianjinchanyehechanyejiazhiliangaoduandeshengchanhuanjiexiangbenguozhuanyilaishixian。weici，womenyouzhenduixingditichuyindaoguojixianjinchanyehegaoduanshengchanhuanjiezhuanyidezhengcetiaozhenghezhiduchuangxin：

　　diyi，tigaotouzizhengcedechayihuachengdu，pochuwuxingdetouzizhengcebilei。weilechengjieguojixianjinchanyehegaoduanshengchanhuanjiezhuanyi，duibutongdiquchengjiebutongchanyehuoshengchanhuanjiedetouzizhengceyingjinkenengchabieduidai，bingzengqiangtouzizhengcedetoumingdu
，xiaochuzhengcexingqishi。yifangmian，youyuzhongguogediquziyuanbingfu、技ji術shu水shui平ping和he經jing濟ji發fa展zhan水shui平ping存cun在zai差cha異yi，國guo家jia在zai製zhi定ding投tou資zi政zheng策ce時shi
，應ying考kao慮lv給gei予yu各ge地di區qu一yi定ding的de自zi主zhu性xing，采cai取qu國guo家jia製zhi定ding投tou資zi政zheng策ce指zhi導dao原yuan則ze
，各ge地di區qu依yi據ju此ci原yuan則ze結jie合he自zi身shen的de經jing濟ji發fa展zhan水shui平ping，差cha異yi化hua地di製zhi定ding鼓gu勵li、限(xian)製(zhi)和(he)禁(jin)止(zhi)外(wai)商(shang)投(tou)資(zi)產(chan)業(ye)的(de)政(zheng)策(ce)。另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)，地(di)方(fang)政(zheng)府(fu)主(zhu)管(guan)部(bu)門(men)應(ying)加(jia)快(kuai)清(qing)理(li)與(yu)降(jiang)低(di)投(tou)資(zi)壁(bi)壘(lei)和(he)投(tou)資(zi)政(zheng)策(ce)透(tou)明(ming)度(du)原(yuan)則(ze)不(bu)相(xiang)適(shi)應(ying)的(de)政(zheng)策(ce)規(gui)章(zhang)，並(bing)逐(zhu)步(bu)廢(fei)除(chu)一(yi)些(xie)與(yu)促(cu)進(jin)投(tou)資(zi)自(zi)由(you)化(hua)的(de)國(guo)際(ji)規(gui)則(ze)相(xiang)衝(chong)突(tu)的(de)法(fa)律(lv)法(fa)規(gui)

，且(qie)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)完(wan)善(shan)促(cu)進(jin)不(bu)同(tong)地(di)區(qu)各(ge)類(lei)產(chan)業(ye)投(tou)資(zi)相(xiang)適(shi)應(ying)的(de)自(zi)由(you)化(hua)規(gui)則(ze)

，同(tong)時(shi)，還(hai)應(ying)加(jia)強(qiang)投(tou)資(zi)自(zi)由(you)化(hua)政(zheng)策(ce)的(de)對(dui)外(wai)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)
，及(ji)時(shi)對(dui)外(wai)公(gong)布(bu)鼓(gu)勵(li)、限製和禁止外商投資產業信息
，並確保這些信息的國際傳播。

　　dier，tiaozhengshuishouzhengceyouhuifangshi，zengqiangshuishouzhengcedexiangduiyouxiaoxing。shuishouzhengcefanyinglezhengfuduiqiyeyugerenshouyidezhengshuishuiping

，yinci，shuishouzhengceyizhishizuoweishijiegeguoyindaochanyezibenliuxiangdezhongyaoshouduan。weiletigaoguojixianjinchanyeheshengchanhuanjiedezhuanyixiaolv
，yingyijudiqutezhenghechanyedetexing，caiquduoyanghuadeshuishouzhengceyouhuifangshi。yifangmian，yingshishidiyijudiquhechanyezhengcedexuyao，xietiaocaiyonggezhongshuishouzhengceyouhuifangshi。youyujianjieshuishouyouhuifangshinengduitouzizhouqichang
、風險高的資本與技術密集型產業帶來更為實際的政策優惠，因此
，應逐步采取以加速折舊
、kuisunmibudengjianjieshuishouyouhuifangshiweizhu，cujinzibenhejishumijixingchanyetouzi。lingyifangmian，zhengfuyingyijudiyutezhenghechanyetexingzhidingxihuadeshuishouyouhuizhengce
，bingzaidiquzhijian、行xing業ye之zhi間jian和he生sheng產chan環huan節jie之zhi間jian體ti現xian稅shui收shou政zheng策ce優you惠hui的de相xiang對dui有you效xiao性xing。對dui於yu技ji術shu密mi集ji型xing的de先xian進jin產chan業ye或huo生sheng產chan環huan節jie，可ke賦fu予yu相xiang對dui於yu其qi他ta產chan業ye或huo生sheng產chan環huan節jie更geng為wei優you厚hou的de稅shui收shou優you惠hui，同tong時shi，為wei了le鼓gu勵li落luo後hou地di區qu吸xi引yin產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi，可ke適shi當dang獲huo得de相xiang對dui於yu經jing濟ji發fa達da地di區qu而er言yan更geng為wei優you厚hou的de稅shui收shou政zheng策ce，以yi提ti高gao稅shui收shou優you惠hui政zheng策ce在zai經jing濟ji落luo後hou地di區qu的de相xiang對dui有you效xiao性xing。

　　第三，創新商業交易製度，減少企業與政府之間的交往成本。為了更好地承接國際先進產業的轉移
，中國應簡化對現代先進企業的創立、變bian更geng與yu退tui出chu生sheng產chan與yu經jing營ying活huo動dong的de授shou權quan與yu彙hui報bao程cheng序xu。首shou先xian
，可ke以yi嚐chang試shi由you中zhong央yang部bu委wei出chu台tai各ge地di區qu審shen批pi外wai資zi企qi業ye的de原yuan則ze，並bing在zai各ge個ge級ji別bie的de行xing政zheng區qu劃hua單dan位wei設she立li審shen批pi機ji關guan且qie給gei予yu他ta們men與yu地di區qu經jing濟ji發fa展zhan規gui模mo相xiang應ying的de審shen批pi權quan限xian
，且qie以yi法fa律lv形xing式shi加jia以yi固gu定ding。在zai國guo家jia對dui外wai商shang設she立li企qi業ye規gui定ding審shen批pi原yuan則ze的de條tiao件jian下xia
，為wei了le鼓gu勵li直zhi轄xia市shi和he經jing濟ji發fa達da地di區qu承cheng接jie國guo外wai先xian進jin產chan業ye的de轉zhuan移yi，中zhong央yang可ke適shi當dang給gei予yu地di區qu政zheng府fu對dui於yu現xian代dai先xian進jin產chan業ye較jiao高gao的de審shen批pi權quan限xian。其qi次ci，盡jin可ke能neng簡jian化hua外wai商shang投tou資zi申shen請qing設she立li現xian代dai先xian進jin企qi業ye的de審shen批pi手shou續xu，增zeng強qiang審shen批pi的de透tou明ming度du和he提ti高gao審shen批pi效xiao率lv。審shen批pi機ji關guan可ke適shi當dang簡jian化hua外wai資zi的de審shen批pi和he聯lian合he年nian檢jian手shou續xu，實shi行xing“一站式”服務
，且在經營期內，企業因投資總額和生產經營規模等發生變化而需減少、增加或轉讓注冊資本，或是將其

　　財產權益對外抵押、轉讓，以及政府商務

、財政、工商行政管理、shuiwudenggebumenduiwaiziqiyeshixinglianhenianjianshi
，yingtigaoxingzhengjiguanshenpihebanlidexiaolvhetoumingdu


，jinkenengdijianhuabanlishouxu，jianshaoqiyezhifuxingzhengshenpihenianjiandechengben。zaici，gaibianyiwangwaishangtouziqiyeyinjingyingqixianmanerzhongzhijingyingde“一刀切”banfa，duiyuwaishangzaibenguotouzixiandaixianjinqiye，caiyongleisiyuneiziqiyedezhongzhijingyingdebanfa，kexianyouqiyepinyongqingsuanjigouchujujuyoufalvxiaoyingdeqingsuanbaogao，zaibaoshenpijiguanshenhe
，shixianneiwaiziqiyezaishenpishouxushangdengtongduidai。

　　disi，jianquanchanquanbaohuzhidu，jiangdiqiyeshengchanyujingyingzhongdebuquedingxing。weileyouxiaoyindaoguojixianjinchanyeyouxuxiangbenguozhuanyi
，womenjiyaojiadazhishichanquanbaohuzhidudechuangxinlidu，youyaonulitigaorenlizibenchanquandebaohushuiping。duiyuzhishichanquanbaohuzhidudechuangxin，yifangmian
，yingnuliwanshanzhishichanquanbaohufalv，zhubufugaidangqianfalvtiaowensuobunenghangaidemangqu
，bingyijuxingyehuoshengchanhuanjieduizhishichanquandeminganchengdubutong
，shishidizhidingxiangguandezhishichanquanbaohufagui;另ling一yi方fang麵mian，應ying增zeng強qiang知zhi識shi產chan權quan的de執zhi法fa力li度du，加jia大da對dui侵qin犯fan知zhi識shi產chan權quan的de懲cheng罰fa力li度du，提ti高gao知zhi識shi產chan權quan侵qin權quan的de成cheng本ben。對dui於yu人ren力li資zi本ben產chan權quan保bao護hu，首shou先xian應ying適shi時shi地di修xiu訂ding與yu完wan善shan《勞動法》
、《合同法》、《公司法》、《勞動合同法》等相關法律，消除這些法律法規中相互衝突的規則
，加強法律之間的相互銜接與協調；qici
，tongguojiadaxiangguanfalvfaguidezhixingliduhetuokuanfugaimian，quebaorenlizibenjiaoyishuangfangzaipingdenghulideqiantixia
，wanshanrenlizibenchanquandejiaoyichengxu，jianshaorenlizibenjiaoyidebuquedingxing;再zai次ci

，大da力li發fa展zhan人ren力li資zi本ben市shi場chang和he建jian立li人ren力li資zi本ben市shi場chang交jiao易yi製zhi度du
，擴kuo大da資zi本ben信xin息xi交jiao流liu渠qu道dao，提ti高gao人ren力li資zi本ben信xin息xi共gong享xiang水shui平ping，降jiang低di企qi業ye獲huo取qu人ren力li資zi本ben的de信xin息xi成cheng本ben，發fa揮hui反fan映ying人ren力li資zi本ben價jia值zhi的de市shi場chang機ji製zhi
，保bao障zhang人ren力li資zi本ben產chan權quan，防fang止zhi人ren力li資zi本ben產chan權quan交jiao易yi“事前”和“事後”的機會主義行為，提高人力資本的利用效率。（作者 林長華 楊晶晶 單位：北京大學、湖南大學）