http://www.kadhoai.com.cn 2026-05-14 23:32:44 來源:e《製造》
“中國的製造業大是很大,但是離‘強’還很遠。雖然在2010年,我國製造業GDP超過美國,成為世界第一,占世界製造業比重達到19.4%。但是,這並不意味著中國已經是製造強國。峰值之後,我們看到的是危機重重,許多問題暴露出來”,黃兆華說。
首shou先xian是shi產chan能neng過guo剩sheng,這zhe個ge問wen題ti幾ji乎hu困kun擾rao著zhe製zhi造zao業ye每mei一yi個ge子zi行xing業ye,由you於yu市shi場chang非fei理li性xing膨peng脹zhang的de原yuan因yin,許xu多duo企qi業ye在zai由you於yu透tou支zhi導dao致zhi的de市shi場chang規gui模mo較jiao大da時shi期qi進jin行xing了le產chan能neng擴kuo張zhang,不bu少shao企qi業ye現xian階jie段duan已yi經jing形xing成cheng了le極ji大da的de產chan能neng浪lang費fei規gui模mo;其qi次ci是shi產chan業ye技ji術shu水shui平ping不bu足zu。在zai一yi些xie製zhi造zao領ling域yu,由you於yu在zai市shi場chang非fei理li性xing時shi期qi忽hu視shi了le技ji術shu發fa展zhan的de重zhong要yao性xing,導dao致zhi一yi些xie產chan業ye大da而er不bu強qiang,產chan品pin缺que乏fa競jing爭zheng力li;ciwaihaiyouyigefeichangyanjundewentishilaodonglichengbenchixushangzhang,baokuoqitayinsuzaineidechengbenshangzhangwentiyeshideqiyenanyijiangzugoudejingfeiyongyuyanfajishengchangongyidegaijin。zhejigewentidiejiaqilai,geimuqianzhongguozhizaoyedechanyeshengjizaochenglebuxiaodekunnan。
更為嚴峻的是全球產業分工格局的變化。美國、德國、ribendengguojiayijingyishidaoshitijingjidezhongyaoxing,jijishishizaigongyehuazhanlve。yuanbenjiushiwoguozhizaoyexuexiduixiangdeguojiadezhexiejucuo,wuxingzhonggeizhongguozhizaoyezhuanxingzaizengyali。“youxiangdangshuliangdezhongguozhizaoyeqiyezaiguojishangdadeshixiaohaozhan,ruguojishubunenggoushixiantupo,zaixindechanyefengongmoshixiakenengbujinnanyitisheng,haihuishiquyiyoudeshichangdiwei”,黃兆華說。
在這種情況下,《中國製造2025》的提出意義重大。但必須明確的是,《中國製造2025》隻是3個製造業十年規劃中的第一個。“中國與美國、德國、ribendengzhizaoyeqiangguodejingzhengjiangchangqichixu,xianzaidezhizaoqiyezhangmenren,yijixiayidai,shenzhixiaxiayidaideqiyelingdaoren,douyaozuohaojiaruyicichangtujingzhudesixiangzhunbei”,huangzhaohuashuo,bixuchongfenrenshidaodangxiachanyejichudeyanjunxing。yichanpinzhiliangjuli,yixiezhongguodejixiechanpinzaijingguohaiyundidahaiwaishichangshi,shebeideyansedouyijingwufabaochiyizhi,danshizheyangdexijiewentijiuhennanrangchanpinjuyouhenqiangdeguojijingzhengli。
因此,他認為,對於很多中國製造業企業來講,當前的確已經到了不破不立的境地。首先不能失去中國製造業吃苦耐勞、善shan打da硬ying仗zhang的de傳chuan統tong優you良liang作zuo風feng,然ran後hou,必bi須xu打da開kai思si維wei,極ji大da地di進jin行xing創chuang新xin實shi踐jian,力li爭zheng取qu得de技ji術shu及ji產chan業ye模mo式shi的de突tu破po。而er這zhe一yi點dian,恰qia恰qia就jiu是shi以yi工gong業ye互hu聯lian網wang和he智zhi能neng製zhi造zao為wei代dai表biao的de新xin工gong業ye精jing神shen。
對於廣汽本田第三工廠的智慧實踐,黃兆華表示,任何有關落實《中國製造2025》deshijiandoufeichangzhidekendingheguli。dangqian,duoshuzhizaoyeqiyedouhaichuyuzhaoxunbiangefangxiangdetansuoqi,danxianyouqiyeyouchengshudeshijianhuodong,shenzhibufenqiyerengchuyuguanwangjieduan,zaishewangyong“拿來主義”照抄先進成功經驗。
但是,“智慧”這(zhe)一(yi)新(xin)工(gong)業(ye)精(jing)神(shen)具(ju)有(you)原(yuan)創(chuang)的(de)特(te)點(dian),也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)說(shuo),複(fu)製(zhi)成(cheng)功(gong)模(mo)式(shi)這(zhe)條(tiao)路(lu)行(xing)不(bu)通(tong),每(mei)家(jia)企(qi)業(ye)必(bi)須(xu)根(gen)據(ju)自(zi)身(shen)情(qing)況(kuang)對(dui)症(zheng)下(xia)藥(yao),實(shi)現(xian)基(ji)於(yu)自(zi)身(shen)特(te)點(dian)的(de)變(bian)革(ge),才(cai)有(you)望(wang)謀(mou)求(qiu)新(xin)格(ge)局(ju)下(xia)的(de)更(geng)高(gao)的(de)行(xing)業(ye)地(di)位(wei)。在(zai)這(zhe)一(yi)背(bei)景(jing)下(xia),廣(guang)汽(qi)本(ben)田(tian)的(de)實(shi)施(shi)的(de)變(bian)革(ge),無(wu)論(lun)是(shi)智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)還(hai)是(shi)綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan),都(dou)與(yu)《中國製造2025》的方向相吻合,這會使企業在行業結構調整中有望占據優勢地位。
guangqibentiandisangongchangdeshijianshijiyushengchanyuyanfahuanjiedebiange,zheshiqiyefahuizhihuitechangdeyitiaoraobuguoqudedaolu,butishengyanfahegongyidexianjinxing,tanjiqiyezaijishulingyudezhihuizhinengshizhishangtanbing。yucitongshi,youyuqicheyezaizhizaoyelingyuzhongdeshifanxiaoying,guangqibentianzhengzaituixingdezhinengzhizaoduiyutedianchajujiaodadexingyeyeyouhenqiangdejiejianyiyi。
“我們在嚐試通過自己的方式實現自我顛覆創新,而不是被他人的創新所顛覆”,這是世界工程機械巨頭企業卡特彼勒公司董事長兼首席執行官道格拉斯?歐博赫曼在2015年度股東大會上提出的觀點。特別是在“顛覆你,但是與你無關”的互聯網時代,這一觀點非常值得與中國的製造企業共勉,“死si守shou疆jiang土tu的de模mo式shi已yi經jing不bu適shi用yong於yu當dang下xia產chan業ye進jin步bu的de新xin常chang態tai,必bi須xu有you自zi我wo革ge新xin的de勇yong氣qi與yu智zhi慧hui,才cai能neng夠gou實shi現xian企qi業ye的de突tu破po,中zhong國guo的de製zhi造zao業ye發fa展zhan也ye才cai會hui更geng有you希xi望wang。”