zaiguojijinrongweijimanyan，shijiejingjixingshifuzaduobiandehuanjingxia，geguozhengzhiliyutongguotiaozhengchanyejiegou
，yingduijinrongweijidetiaozhan
，huifujingjizengchangdedongli。yucitongshi

，zhongguoyezhengtongguojijidezhiduchuangxinyouhuachanyejiegouyubuju，baituojinrongweijideshufu，baochijingjichixu
、健康和快速發展。2009nianzhongyangjingjigongzuohuiyitebiezhichuyaocongzhiduanpairushou
，yinshilidaoyindaoguojichanyeyouxudixiangbenguozhuanyi，yishirangwomenchongfenliyongjinrongweijiyinzhidequanqiuchanyejiegoutiaozhengheguojifengongzhongzudelishiqiji，xiyinkejihanlianghechanpinfujiazhigaodexiandaixianjinchanyehegaoduanshengchanhuanjiexiangbenguozhuanyi
，tuidongwoguochanyejiegoudeyouhuayushengji。yindaoguojichanyezhuanyidelishijiyu

　　guojijinrongweijidebaofadaozhilequanqiujingjideshuaitui，cushishijiegeguoshejiyouxiaodezhiduanpaitiaozhengchanyejiegou，yizuoweiyingduijinrongweijidezhuyaoshouduan
，zheshidejinrongweijiyoukenengweizhongguoyindaohechengjieguojichanyezhuanyichuangzaoleyicinandedelishijiyu。

　　一方麵，金融危機為中國引導國際產業轉移創造了客觀的曆史機遇。從全球維度來看
，雖然隨著世界經濟一體化的深入發展，資本、技ji術shu和he勞lao動dong力li等deng生sheng產chan要yao素su在zai市shi場chang機ji製zhi的de作zuo用yong下xia全quan球qiu流liu動dong與yu組zu合he配pei置zhi，催cui促cu著zhe一yi國guo或huo地di區qu內nei部bu的de產chan業ye向xiang具ju有you比bi較jiao優you勢shi的de地di區qu轉zhuan移yi
，但dan是shi，由you於yu發fa達da國guo家jia比bi發fa展zhan中zhong國guo家jia表biao現xian出chu較jiao高gao的de經jing濟ji發fa展zhan水shui平ping和he較jiao強qiang的de科ke技ji力li量liang，使shi得de它ta們men在zai世shi界jie分fen工gong體ti係xi和he利li益yi分fen配pei格ge局ju中zhong占zhan據ju主zhu導dao地di位wei。他ta們men將jiang資zi源yuan消xiao耗hao和he環huan境jing汙wu染ran水shui平ping高gao、jishuhanlianghechanpinfujiazhididechanyexiangfazhanzhongguojiahebufadaguojiazhuanyi，yitengchudiyukongjianfazhankejihanlianghechanpinfujiazhigaodexianjinchanyeheshengchanhuanjie，yiweichizishenzaichanyejiazhiliangaoduandeyoushidiwei。raner，youyuchuyuchanyejiazhiliangaoduandeshengchanhuanjiehexianjinchanyeduoshizibenyujishumijixingdefeiwuzhishengchanhuanjiehechanye，guojijinrongweijidebaofashidejinrongzibenduanlie，daozhifeiwuzhishengchanhuanjiehechanyequefajinrongzibendezhicheng，yiner
，jinrongweijiqiangliedichongjilefadaguojianeibubuhelidegangxingchanyejiegou，birancushitamenzhongxinxietiaofeiwuzhishengchanhuanjiehechanyeyushiwushengchanhuanjiehechanyedexiangduibizhong，jiangyibufenchuyuchanyejiazhiliangaoduandeshengchanhuanjiehezibenyujishumijixingdexianjinchanyexianghaiwaizhuanyi
，youcikenengxingchengguojichanyezhuanyidexinlangchao。

　　另ling一yi方fang麵mian，金jin融rong危wei機ji為wei中zhong國guo引yin導dao國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi創chuang造zao了le主zhu觀guan的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu。改gai革ge開kai放fang三san十shi多duo年nian的de曆li史shi經jing驗yan表biao明ming
，中zhong國guo成cheng功gong的de製zhi度du轉zhuan型xing有you效xiao地di促cu進jin了le經jing濟ji結jie構gou的de優you化hua和he經jing濟ji增zeng長chang方fang式shi的de轉zhuan變bian，產chan生sheng了le“經濟增長奇跡”，jidadisuoxiaoleyufadaguojiadejingjifazhanchaju。jishiguojijinrongweijixijuanquanqiu，zhishishijiegeguojingjixiahua
，zhongguosuiranyewuyiliwaidibunengxingmian
，raner，zhengdangshijiegeguozhiliyuxunzhaojinrongweijideyingduizhiceshi
，zhongguopingjieduiwaikaifangsanshiduoniansuojileidewuzhijichuhejishiyouxiaodezhiduanpai，lvxianzouchulejinrongweijideyinmai，shidefadaguojiadekuaguogongsizaimianlinbentushengchanyujingyinghuanjingehuashi，zhongxinshenshizhongguodeshengchanchengbenhejiaoyichengbenyoushisuodailaideshengchanhejingyinghuanjingdegaishan。cishi，zhongguoyoukenengyikaozhiduzhuanxingsuoleijidejingyan
，jinyibutiaozhengzhengcehechuangxinzhidu
，chuangzaochanyeshengjidexinhuanjing，zhudongyindaohechengjieguojixianjinchanyezhuanyi，bingzaibenguopeiyuwanzhengdechanyejiazhilian，youhuachanyedekongjianbuju
，tuidongchanyejiegoushengji。yindaoguojichanyezhuanyidezhiduchuangxin

　　zhongguozuoweizhengchuyugongyehuajinchengzhongdeshijieshangzuidadefazhanzhongguojia，yaoqiaojiejinrongweijidelishijiyu


，jiakuaixiandaigongyehuajincheng，shixiandaguodejingjiganchao
，biranxuyaotongguozhiduchuangxinyindaoguojixianjinchanyehechanyejiazhiliangaoduandeshengchanhuanjiexiangbenguozhuanyilaishixian。weici，womenyouzhenduixingditichuyindaoguojixianjinchanyehegaoduanshengchanhuanjiezhuanyidezhengcetiaozhenghezhiduchuangxin：

　　第(di)一(yi)，提(ti)高(gao)投(tou)資(zi)政(zheng)策(ce)的(de)差(cha)異(yi)化(hua)程(cheng)度(du)，破(po)除(chu)無(wu)形(xing)的(de)投(tou)資(zi)政(zheng)策(ce)壁(bi)壘(lei)。為(wei)了(le)承(cheng)接(jie)國(guo)際(ji)先(xian)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)和(he)高(gao)端(duan)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)轉(zhuan)移(yi)
，對(dui)不(bu)同(tong)地(di)區(qu)承(cheng)接(jie)不(bu)同(tong)產(chan)業(ye)或(huo)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)的(de)投(tou)資(zi)政(zheng)策(ce)應(ying)盡(jin)可(ke)能(neng)差(cha)別(bie)對(dui)待(dai)，並(bing)增(zeng)強(qiang)投(tou)資(zi)政(zheng)策(ce)的(de)透(tou)明(ming)度(du)
，消(xiao)除(chu)政(zheng)策(ce)性(xing)歧(qi)視(shi)。一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)，由(you)於(yu)中(zhong)國(guo)各(ge)地(di)區(qu)資(zi)源(yuan)稟(bing)賦(fu)、技ji術shu水shui平ping和he經jing濟ji發fa展zhan水shui平ping存cun在zai差cha異yi
，國guo家jia在zai製zhi定ding投tou資zi政zheng策ce時shi，應ying考kao慮lv給gei予yu各ge地di區qu一yi定ding的de自zi主zhu性xing，采cai取qu國guo家jia製zhi定ding投tou資zi政zheng策ce指zhi導dao原yuan則ze，各ge地di區qu依yi據ju此ci原yuan則ze結jie合he自zi身shen的de經jing濟ji發fa展zhan水shui平ping
，差cha異yi化hua地di製zhi定ding鼓gu勵li、xianzhihejinzhiwaishangtouzichanyedezhengce。lingyifangmian
，difangzhengfuzhuguanbumenyingjiakuaiqingliyujiangditouzibileihetouzizhengcetoumingduyuanzebuxiangshiyingdezhengceguizhang
，bingzhubufeichuyixieyucujintouziziyouhuadeguojiguizexiangchongtudefalvfagui，qiejinyibuwanshancujinbutongdiqugeleichanyetouzixiangshiyingdeziyouhuaguize，tongshi，haiyingjiaqiangtouziziyouhuazhengcededuiwaixuanchuan，jishiduiwaigongbuguli、限製和禁止外商投資產業信息，並確保這些信息的國際傳播。

　　第di二er

，調tiao整zheng稅shui收shou政zheng策ce優you惠hui方fang式shi

，增zeng強qiang稅shui收shou政zheng策ce的de相xiang對dui有you效xiao性xing。稅shui收shou政zheng策ce反fan映ying了le政zheng府fu對dui企qi業ye與yu個ge人ren收shou益yi的de征zheng稅shui水shui平ping，因yin此ci，稅shui收shou政zheng策ce一yi直zhi是shi作zuo為wei世shi界jie各ge國guo引yin導dao產chan業ye資zi本ben流liu向xiang的de重zhong要yao手shou段duan。為wei了le提ti高gao國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he生sheng產chan環huan節jie的de轉zhuan移yi效xiao率lv
，應ying依yi據ju地di區qu特te征zheng和he產chan業ye的de特te性xing，采cai取qu多duo樣yang化hua的de稅shui收shou政zheng策ce優you惠hui方fang式shi。一yi方fang麵mian，應ying適shi時shi地di依yi據ju地di區qu和he產chan業ye政zheng策ce的de需xu要yao，協xie調tiao采cai用yong各ge種zhong稅shui收shou政zheng策ce優you惠hui方fang式shi。由you於yu間jian接jie稅shui收shou優you惠hui方fang式shi能neng對dui投tou資zi周zhou期qi長chang

、風險高的資本與技術密集型產業帶來更為實際的政策優惠
，因此，應逐步采取以加速折舊、虧(kui)損(sun)彌(mi)補(bu)等(deng)間(jian)接(jie)稅(shui)收(shou)優(you)惠(hui)方(fang)式(shi)為(wei)主(zhu)，促(cu)進(jin)資(zi)本(ben)和(he)技(ji)術(shu)密(mi)集(ji)型(xing)產(chan)業(ye)投(tou)資(zi)。另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)，政(zheng)府(fu)應(ying)依(yi)據(ju)地(di)域(yu)特(te)征(zheng)和(he)產(chan)業(ye)特(te)性(xing)製(zhi)定(ding)細(xi)化(hua)的(de)稅(shui)收(shou)優(you)惠(hui)政(zheng)策(ce)
，並(bing)在(zai)地(di)區(qu)之(zhi)間(jian)、行(xing)業(ye)之(zhi)間(jian)和(he)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)之(zhi)間(jian)體(ti)現(xian)稅(shui)收(shou)政(zheng)策(ce)優(you)惠(hui)的(de)相(xiang)對(dui)有(you)效(xiao)性(xing)。對(dui)於(yu)技(ji)術(shu)密(mi)集(ji)型(xing)的(de)先(xian)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)或(huo)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)，可(ke)賦(fu)予(yu)相(xiang)對(dui)於(yu)其(qi)他(ta)產(chan)業(ye)或(huo)生(sheng)產(chan)環(huan)節(jie)更(geng)為(wei)優(you)厚(hou)的(de)稅(shui)收(shou)優(you)惠(hui)，同(tong)時(shi)，為(wei)了(le)鼓(gu)勵(li)落(luo)後(hou)地(di)區(qu)吸(xi)引(yin)產(chan)業(ye)轉(zhuan)移(yi)
，可(ke)適(shi)當(dang)獲(huo)得(de)相(xiang)對(dui)於(yu)經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)達(da)地(di)區(qu)而(er)言(yan)更(geng)為(wei)優(you)厚(hou)的(de)稅(shui)收(shou)政(zheng)策(ce)，以(yi)提(ti)高(gao)稅(shui)收(shou)優(you)惠(hui)政(zheng)策(ce)在(zai)經(jing)濟(ji)落(luo)後(hou)地(di)區(qu)的(de)相(xiang)對(dui)有(you)效(xiao)性(xing)。

　　第三，創新商業交易製度
，減少企業與政府之間的交往成本。為了更好地承接國際先進產業的轉移，中國應簡化對現代先進企業的創立
、變(bian)更(geng)與(yu)退(tui)出(chu)生(sheng)產(chan)與(yu)經(jing)營(ying)活(huo)動(dong)的(de)授(shou)權(quan)與(yu)彙(hui)報(bao)程(cheng)序(xu)。首(shou)先(xian)，可(ke)以(yi)嚐(chang)試(shi)由(you)中(zhong)央(yang)部(bu)委(wei)出(chu)台(tai)各(ge)地(di)區(qu)審(shen)批(pi)外(wai)資(zi)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)原(yuan)則(ze)，並(bing)在(zai)各(ge)個(ge)級(ji)別(bie)的(de)行(xing)政(zheng)區(qu)劃(hua)單(dan)位(wei)設(she)立(li)審(shen)批(pi)機(ji)關(guan)且(qie)給(gei)予(yu)他(ta)們(men)與(yu)地(di)區(qu)經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)展(zhan)規(gui)模(mo)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)審(shen)批(pi)權(quan)限(xian)，且(qie)以(yi)法(fa)律(lv)形(xing)式(shi)加(jia)以(yi)固(gu)定(ding)。在(zai)國(guo)家(jia)對(dui)外(wai)商(shang)設(she)立(li)企(qi)業(ye)規(gui)定(ding)審(shen)批(pi)原(yuan)則(ze)的(de)條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)
，為(wei)了(le)鼓(gu)勵(li)直(zhi)轄(xia)市(shi)和(he)經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)達(da)地(di)區(qu)承(cheng)接(jie)國(guo)外(wai)先(xian)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)的(de)轉(zhuan)移(yi)，中(zhong)央(yang)可(ke)適(shi)當(dang)給(gei)予(yu)地(di)區(qu)政(zheng)府(fu)對(dui)於(yu)現(xian)代(dai)先(xian)進(jin)產(chan)業(ye)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)審(shen)批(pi)權(quan)限(xian)。其(qi)次(ci)，盡(jin)可(ke)能(neng)簡(jian)化(hua)外(wai)商(shang)投(tou)資(zi)申(shen)請(qing)設(she)立(li)現(xian)代(dai)先(xian)進(jin)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)審(shen)批(pi)手(shou)續(xu)，增(zeng)強(qiang)審(shen)批(pi)的(de)透(tou)明(ming)度(du)和(he)提(ti)高(gao)審(shen)批(pi)效(xiao)率(lv)。審(shen)批(pi)機(ji)關(guan)可(ke)適(shi)當(dang)簡(jian)化(hua)外(wai)資(zi)的(de)審(shen)批(pi)和(he)聯(lian)合(he)年(nian)檢(jian)手(shou)續(xu)，實(shi)行(xing)“一站式”服務
，且在經營期內
，企業因投資總額和生產經營規模等發生變化而需減少
、增加或轉讓注冊資本，或是將其

　　財產權益對外抵押、轉讓，以及政府商務
、財政、工商行政管理、稅shui務wu等deng各ge部bu門men對dui外wai資zi企qi業ye實shi行xing聯lian合he年nian檢jian時shi，應ying提ti高gao行xing政zheng機ji關guan審shen批pi和he辦ban理li的de效xiao率lv和he透tou明ming度du，盡jin可ke能neng地di簡jian化hua辦ban理li手shou續xu
，減jian少shao企qi業ye支zhi付fu行xing政zheng審shen批pi和he年nian檢jian的de成cheng本ben。再zai次ci，改gai變bian以yi往wang外wai商shang投tou資zi企qi業ye因yin經jing營ying期qi限xian滿man而er終zhong止zhi經jing營ying的de“一刀切”辦ban法fa，對dui於yu外wai商shang在zai本ben國guo投tou資zi現xian代dai先xian進jin企qi業ye
，采cai用yong類lei似si於yu內nei資zi企qi業ye的de終zhong止zhi經jing營ying的de辦ban法fa，可ke先xian由you企qi業ye聘pin用yong清qing算suan機ji構gou出chu具ju具ju有you法fa律lv效xiao應ying的de清qing算suan報bao告gao，再zai報bao審shen批pi機ji關guan審shen核he
，實shi現xian內nei外wai資zi企qi業ye在zai審shen批pi手shou續xu上shang等deng同tong對dui待dai。

　　第di四si，健jian全quan產chan權quan保bao護hu製zhi度du，降jiang低di企qi業ye生sheng產chan與yu經jing營ying中zhong的de不bu確que定ding性xing。為wei了le有you效xiao引yin導dao國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye有you序xu向xiang本ben國guo轉zhuan移yi，我wo們men既ji要yao加jia大da知zhi識shi產chan權quan保bao護hu製zhi度du的de創chuang新xin力li度du，又you要yao努nu力li提ti高gao人ren力li資zi本ben產chan權quan的de保bao護hu水shui平ping。對dui於yu知zhi識shi產chan權quan保bao護hu製zhi度du的de創chuang新xin，一yi方fang麵mian，應ying努nu力li完wan善shan知zhi識shi產chan權quan保bao護hu法fa律lv，逐zhu步bu覆fu蓋gai當dang前qian法fa律lv條tiao文wen所suo不bu能neng含han蓋gai的de盲mang區qu，並bing依yi據ju行xing業ye或huo生sheng產chan環huan節jie對dui知zhi識shi產chan權quan的de敏min感gan程cheng度du不bu同tong，適shi時shi地di製zhi定ding相xiang關guan的de知zhi識shi產chan權quan保bao護hu法fa規gui;另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)，應(ying)增(zeng)強(qiang)知(zhi)識(shi)產(chan)權(quan)的(de)執(zhi)法(fa)力(li)度(du)，加(jia)大(da)對(dui)侵(qin)犯(fan)知(zhi)識(shi)產(chan)權(quan)的(de)懲(cheng)罰(fa)力(li)度(du)
，提(ti)高(gao)知(zhi)識(shi)產(chan)權(quan)侵(qin)權(quan)的(de)成(cheng)本(ben)。對(dui)於(yu)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)產(chan)權(quan)保(bao)護(hu)，首(shou)先(xian)應(ying)適(shi)時(shi)地(di)修(xiu)訂(ding)與(yu)完(wan)善(shan)《勞動法》
、《合同法》、《公司法》
、《勞動合同法》等相關法律，消除這些法律法規中相互衝突的規則，加強法律之間的相互銜接與協調
；其qi次ci，通tong過guo加jia大da相xiang關guan法fa律lv法fa規gui的de執zhi行xing力li度du和he拓tuo寬kuan覆fu蓋gai麵mian
，確que保bao人ren力li資zi本ben交jiao易yi雙shuang方fang在zai平ping等deng互hu利li的de前qian提ti下xia
，完wan善shan人ren力li資zi本ben產chan權quan的de交jiao易yi程cheng序xu
，減jian少shao人ren力li資zi本ben交jiao易yi的de不bu確que定ding性xing;zaici，dalifazhanrenlizibenshichanghejianlirenlizibenshichangjiaoyizhidu
，kuodazibenxinxijiaoliuqudao，tigaorenlizibenxinxigongxiangshuiping，jiangdiqiyehuoqurenlizibendexinxichengben

，fahuifanyingrenlizibenjiazhideshichangjizhi，baozhangrenlizibenchanquan，fangzhirenlizibenchanquanjiaoyi“事前”和“事後”的機會主義行為，提高人力資本的利用效率。（作者 林長華 楊晶晶 單位：北京大學、湖南大學）