http://www.kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-09 01:06:41 來源:經濟日報
黨的二十屆四中全會明確提出,加快高水平科技自立自強,引領發展新質生產力。新質生產力,作為由技術革命性突破、生產要素創新性配置、產業深度轉型升級而催生的先進生產力質態,不僅符合新發展理念要求,而且已經在實踐中形成並展示出對高質量發展的強勁推動力、zhichengli。mianduixinyilunkejigeminghechanyebiangedelishixingjiyu,weiyoulaolaobawoxinzhishengchanlizheyiguanjianbianliang,cainengconggenbenshangzengqiangwoguojingjifazhandeneishengdongli,zairiqujiliedequanqiujingzhengzhongzhongsuyoushi、掌握戰略主動。
強化創新驅動 培育核心動能
kejichuangxinjuedingzhexinzhishengchanlidefazhangaodu,yeyingxiangzhezhongguojingjiweilaizaiquanqiujingzhenggejuzhongdezhanlveweishi。jinguanwoguoyixieguanjianlingyuhexinjishushouzhiyurendejumianhaimeiyouconggenbenshangdedaogaibian,danzhexiejidaitupodekadiandudian,zhengshiwomenweilaifalidezhugongfangxiang,qibeihouyunzangzhegouzhuguojiajingzhengxinyoushidejudaqianlihezhanlvekongjian。
科技創新是發展新質生產力的核心要素。不同於傳統生產力,新質生產力更加注重生產力“質”的變革。新質生產力的新質就在於,它是由革命性、顛覆性新技術所催生,並由此係統集成出新動能、培育出新優勢的一種先進生產力質態,具有高技術、高效能、高gao質zhi量liang特te征zheng。加jia快kuai發fa展zhan新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li,有you利li於yu實shi現xian高gao水shui平ping科ke技ji自zi立li自zi強qiang,增zeng強qiang經jing濟ji競jing爭zheng力li。這zhe就jiu要yao求qiu瞄miao準zhun科ke技ji前qian沿yan,全quan力li攻gong堅jian關guan鍵jian核he心xin技ji術shu,以yi突tu破po性xing成cheng果guo催cui生sheng新xin動dong能neng。堅jian持chi一yi體ti推tui進jin教jiao育yu科ke技ji人ren才cai發fa展zhan,促cu進jin科ke技ji創chuang新xin與yu產chan業ye創chuang新xin深shen度du融rong合he,提ti升sheng國guo家jia創chuang新xin體ti係xi整zheng體ti效xiao能neng,增zeng強qiang自zi主zhu創chuang新xin能neng力li,搶qiang占zhan未wei來lai科ke技ji製zhi高gao點dian。同tong時shi,發fa揮hui科ke技ji創chuang新xin的de引yin領ling作zuo用yong,全quan麵mian實shi施shi“人工智能+”行動,著力提升全要素生產率,加快新舊動能轉換,推動創新勢能切實轉化為高質量發展動能。
發展新質生產力是高質量發展的內在要求。我國全球創新指數排名已升至第10位,但仍麵臨結構性、tizhixingjizhouqixingwentijiaozhidetiaozhan,hexinwentizaiyukejichuangxinnenglibuzu,duijingjishehuifazhandezhichengzuoyongweinengchongfenxianxian,gaozhiliangkejigonggeirengxianqianque。xinzhishengchanlizaizaiticengmian,gengduotixianzaigaozhiliang、高效能、高gao價jia值zhi的de新xin產chan業ye上shang。加jia快kuai發fa展zhan新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li,能neng夠gou以yi科ke技ji創chuang新xin引yin領ling高gao質zhi量liang發fa展zhan,增zeng強qiang經jing濟ji創chuang新xin力li。這zhe就jiu要yao深shen入ru實shi施shi創chuang新xin驅qu動dong發fa展zhan戰zhan略lve,促cu進jin創chuang新xin鏈lian和he產chan業ye鏈lian的de無wu縫feng對dui接jie,通tong過guo強qiang鏈lian補bu鏈lian延yan鏈lian提ti升sheng產chan業ye體ti係xi整zheng體ti效xiao能neng。通tong過guo科ke技ji創chuang新xin優you化hua提ti升sheng傳chuan統tong產chan業ye、壯大戰略性新興產業、前瞻布局未來產業,不斷提升技術水平和產業發展質量;優化生產力諸要素的組合配置,推動發展方式綠色轉型,實現經濟效益、社會效益與生態效益的協同提升。
不容忽視的是,科技亦是一把“雙刃劍”,既ji驅qu動dong發fa展zhan,也ye潛qian藏zang風feng險xian,需xu要yao在zai發fa展zhan和he安an全quan之zhi間jian找zhao到dao平ping衡heng點dian,護hu航hang因yin地di製zhi宜yi發fa展zhan新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li。為wei此ci,需xu加jia快kuai完wan善shan國guo家jia創chuang新xin體ti係xi,突tu破po關guan鍵jian核he心xin技ji術shu瓶ping頸jing,增zeng強qiang自zi主zhu創chuang新xin能neng力li,有you效xiao降jiang低di外wai部bu依yi賴lai,提ti升sheng產chan業ye鏈lian韌ren性xing。加jia強qiang對dui科ke技ji發fa展zhan趨qu勢shi、前沿領域的前瞻研判、動態追蹤,對可能引發的規則衝突、社she會hui風feng險xian與yu倫lun理li挑tiao戰zhan進jin行xing係xi統tong評ping估gu與yu預yu案an建jian設she,構gou建jian科ke技ji安an全quan風feng險xian監jian測ce預yu警jing和he應ying對dui體ti係xi,加jia強qiang科ke技ji基ji礎chu條tiao件jian自zi主zhu保bao障zhang。同tong時shi,積ji極ji參can與yu全quan球qiu科ke技ji治zhi理li,弘hong揚yang科ke技ji向xiang善shan理li念nian,讓rang科ke技ji發fa展zhan造zao福fu各ge國guo和he各ge國guo人ren民min。
完善產業體係 提升發展能級
現代化產業體係是新質生產力的重要載體。我國製造業已形成世界規模最大、門類最齊全、體係最完整、國際競爭力較強的發展優勢,為發展新質生產力提供了配套支撐和豐富的應用場景,但仍存在產業體係大而不強、全quan而er不bu精jing的de問wen題ti。要yao堅jian持chi把ba發fa展zhan經jing濟ji的de著zhe力li點dian放fang在zai實shi體ti經jing濟ji上shang,加jia快kuai發fa展zhan新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li,構gou建jian以yi先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye為wei骨gu幹gan的de現xian代dai化hua產chan業ye體ti係xi,使shi之zhi更geng具ju有you完wan整zheng性xing、先進性、安全性。
著眼完整性,加快傳統產業轉型升級和提質增效。產業體係完整性表現為產業門類齊全、chanyetixiwanbei,xingchengwanzhengqieyourenxingdechanyelian。chuantongchanyezaiwoguochanyefazhanzhongfahuizhezhongyaozuoyong,jishigoujianxiandaihuachanyetixidejishi,yeshijiakuaifazhanxinzhishengchanlidezhongyaozhelidian。chuantongchanyebudengyuluohouchanye,yunyongxinjishuduiqijinxinggaizaotisheng,shiyindizhiyifazhanxinzhishengchanlidezhongyaolujing。suizhexinyilunkejigeminghechanyebiangeshenrufazhan,chuantongchanyeguangfanyinruxinjishu、新工藝、新材料,持續推出高性能、高質量、dinenghaodechuangxinchanpin。zhebiaoming,fazhanxinzhishengchanliyuchuantongchanyezhuanxingshengjimibukefen,fazhanxinzhishengchanlijuebuyiweizhehushishenzhifangqichuantongchanye,eryingzaibaochizhizaoyehelibizhong、促進服務業擴能提質的基礎上,推動其向高端化、智能化、綠色化轉型。具體而言,要堅持數字賦能,以數字技術、智能技術推進數字產業化和產業數字化,實現傳統產業深度“蝶變”。同時,積極應用新能源與節能環保技術,優化工藝流程,推動傳統產業在優勢領域鍛長板、在薄弱環節補短板,實現降本提質增效。
zheyanxianjinxing,dalifazhanxinxingchanyeheweilaichanye。xiandaihuachanyetixidexianjinxingzhuyaoshizhichanyetixijubeijiaoqiangdejishuchuangxinnengli,nengshiyingxinyilunkejigeminghechanyebiangeyaoqiu,chanyefazhanfuhezhinenghua、綠色化、融合化的要求。戰略性新興產業、未來產業是生成和發展新質生產力的重要陣地,是產業體係先進性的重要體現,也是優化經濟結構、gaibianjingzhenggejudeguanjianliliang。shijieqiangguoqiangdadejingzhengli,hendachengdushangyuanyuqiduizhanlvexingxinxingchanyeheweilaichanyedeqianzhanbujuyuzhanlvetouru。dangqianwoguojiudeshengchanhanshuzuhefangshiyijingnanyichixu,bixujiasutishengchanyetixidexianjinxing。zhelidazaoxinxingzhizhuchanye,shishichanyechuangxingongcheng,jiakuaixinnengyuan、新材料、航空航天、低空經濟等戰略性新興產業集群發展,完善產業生態,加快新興產業規模化發展。前瞻布局未來產業,推動量子科技、生物製造、氫能和核聚變能、腦機接口、具身智能、第(di)六(liu)代(dai)移(yi)動(dong)通(tong)信(xin)等(deng)成(cheng)為(wei)新(xin)的(de)經(jing)濟(ji)增(zeng)長(chang)點(dian),建(jian)立(li)未(wei)來(lai)產(chan)業(ye)投(tou)入(ru)增(zeng)長(chang)和(he)風(feng)險(xian)分(fen)擔(dan)機(ji)製(zhi),促(cu)進(jin)中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)專(zhuan)精(jing)特(te)新(xin)發(fa)展(zhan),更(geng)好(hao)推(tui)動(dong)經(jing)濟(ji)可(ke)持(chi)續(xu)發(fa)展(zhan)。
zheyananquanxing,zengqiangchanyelianrenxinghejingzhengli。chanyetixideanquanxing,zhuyaobiaoxianweichanyeliangongyingliananquankekao,chanyeguanjianhexinjishuzizhukekong,gechanyeyouxulianjie,guominjingjixunhuangaoxiaochangtong。zaishijianzhong,yaoqianghuaguanjianhexinjishugongguan,zhububaituowaibuyilai,tishengyingdui“脫鉤斷鏈”衝擊的能力,加快鞏固壯大實體經濟根基,圍繞發展新質生產力布局產業鏈供應鏈,推動短板產業補鏈、優勢產業延鏈、傳統產業升鏈、新(xin)興(xing)產(chan)業(ye)建(jian)鏈(lian),增(zeng)強(qiang)產(chan)業(ye)鏈(lian)供(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)韌(ren)性(xing)和(he)安(an)全(quan)水(shui)平(ping)。優(you)化(hua)重(zhong)大(da)生(sheng)產(chan)力(li)布(bu)局(ju),發(fa)揮(hui)重(zhong)點(dian)區(qu)域(yu)增(zeng)長(chang)極(ji)作(zuo)用(yong),推(tui)動(dong)產(chan)業(ye)在(zai)不(bu)同(tong)地(di)區(qu)間(jian)有(you)序(xu)轉(zhuan)移(yi),建(jian)設(she)國(guo)家(jia)戰(zhan)略(lve)腹(fu)地(di)和(he)關(guan)鍵(jian)產(chan)業(ye)備(bei)份(fen),提(ti)高(gao)產(chan)業(ye)體(ti)係(xi)的(de)抗(kang)風(feng)險(xian)能(neng)力(li)。
拓展需求空間 打造市場優勢
當(dang)今(jin)世(shi)界(jie),市(shi)場(chang)已(yi)成(cheng)為(wei)最(zui)稀(xi)缺(que)的(de)資(zi)源(yuan),而(er)我(wo)國(guo)擁(yong)有(you)的(de)超(chao)大(da)規(gui)模(mo)國(guo)內(nei)市(shi)場(chang),正(zheng)是(shi)我(wo)們(men)參(can)與(yu)國(guo)際(ji)競(jing)爭(zheng)的(de)關(guan)鍵(jian)優(you)勢(shi)。發(fa)展(zhan)新(xin)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)力(li),離(li)不(bu)開(kai)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)廣(guang)泛(fan)擴(kuo)散(san)與(yu)市(shi)場(chang)的(de)持(chi)續(xu)拓(tuo)展(zhan),為(wei)新(xin)技(ji)術(shu)新(xin)產(chan)品(pin)推(tui)廣(guang)應(ying)用(yong)提(ti)供(gong)豐(feng)富(fu)的(de)應(ying)用(yong)場(chang)景(jing)和(he)市(shi)場(chang)空(kong)間(jian)。曆(li)史(shi)經(jing)驗(yan)表(biao)明(ming),具(ju)有(you)超(chao)大(da)規(gui)模(mo)市(shi)場(chang)的(de)國(guo)家(jia)和(he)地(di)區(qu)往(wang)往(wang)都(dou)有(you)較(jiao)強(qiang)的(de)國(guo)際(ji)競(jing)爭(zheng)力(li)。然(ran)而(er)也(ye)要(yao)看(kan)到(dao),當(dang)前(qian)我(wo)國(guo)市(shi)場(chang)體(ti)係(xi)仍(reng)不(bu)健(jian)全(quan),“內卷式”競爭與市場分割現象依然存在,製約了整體效能的釋放。麵對外部衝擊與需求波動,必須著力打破壁壘、暢通循環,將“超大規模”的體量優勢升級為“超強規模”的係統優勢,進而轉化為實實在在的國家競爭優勢。
建設全國統一大市場是促進新質生產力生成的基礎支撐,有助於推動各類生產要素在更大範圍內順暢流動、高效組合,為發展新質生產力夯實要素基礎。作為全球最具增長潛力的市場,我國必須持續完善產權保護、市場準入、公平競爭、shehuixinyongdengshichangjingjijichuzhidu,jianshegaobiaozhunshichangtixi。guanjianyaozhelipochushichangbilei,dapodiqufengeyugezhongxingshidedifangbaohu,chongfenjifashichangneishengdongli。tongguojianshequanguotongyidashichang,yindaoxianjinyouzhishengchanyaosuxiangxinzhishengchanlilingyushunchanghuiju,shixiankuachanye、跨區域一體融合發展,進而推動生產、分配、流通、消費各環節在全國範圍內高效協同,提升資源配置的整體效能。同時,堅持擴大內需這個戰略基點,堅持惠民生和促消費、投資於物和投資於人緊密結合,以新需求引領新供給,以新供給創造新需求,促進消費和投資、gonggeihexuqiuliangxinghudong,zengqiangguoneidaxunhuanneishengdonglihekekaoxing。dalitizhenxiaofei,luoshidaguimoshebeigengxinhexiaofeipinyijiuhuanxinxiangguanzhengce,bawoguochaodaguimoshichangxuqiuheyingyongchangjingfengfudeshichangyoushizhuanhuaweituidongxinzhishengchanlifazhandeqiangdaneishengdongli。
shichangfengeyudifangbaohushijianshequanguotongyidashichangdezhuyaozhangai,yeshizhiyuexinzhishengchanlifazhanheyaosuziyouliudongdeshencengcipingjing。fazhanxinzhishengchanli,yaoqiujianchiquanguoyipanqi,datongzhiyueyaosuchangtongliudongdekadiandudian,shixianziyuangaoxiaozuhehexietongchuangxin。weici,yaojianchiyouxiaoshichangheyouweizhengfuxiangjiehe,tongyizhengfuxingweichidu,zijiaopochufengbixiaoshichang、自我小循環,打造統一的要素和資源市場,整治“內卷式”jingzheng。tongshi,yingqianghuafazhiyinlingyubaozhangzuoyong,yunyongfalvshouduanguifanshichangjingzheng,qianghuazhidutongyiyujianguanxietiao,jiakuaiqinglifeichufangaiquanguotongyishichanghegongpingjingzhengdegezhongguidinghezuofa,quanmianluoshi“全國一張清單”管理模式,加快建立全國統一的市場製度規則,為經營主體營造公平透明的競爭環境。
新(xin)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)力(li)以(yi)技(ji)術(shu)創(chuang)新(xin)為(wei)重(zhong)要(yao)引(yin)擎(qing),以(yi)市(shi)場(chang)需(xu)求(qiu)為(wei)關(guan)鍵(jian)牽(qian)引(yin)。加(jia)快(kuai)新(xin)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)力(li)發(fa)展(zhan),不(bu)僅(jin)能(neng)滿(man)足(zu)消(xiao)費(fei)升(sheng)級(ji)需(xu)求(qiu),更(geng)能(neng)通(tong)過(guo)顛(dian)覆(fu)性(xing)技(ji)術(shu)和(he)創(chuang)新(xin)產(chan)品(pin)創(chuang)造(zao)需(xu)求(qiu),推(tui)動(dong)供(gong)需(xu)雙(shuang)方(fang)的(de)迭(die)代(dai)升(sheng)級(ji)與(yu)相(xiang)互(hu)促(cu)進(jin),實(shi)現(xian)高(gao)水(shui)平(ping)動(dong)態(tai)平(ping)衡(heng)。要(yao)發(fa)揮(hui)我(wo)國(guo)超(chao)大(da)規(gui)模(mo)市(shi)場(chang)優(you)勢(shi),推(tui)動(dong)市(shi)場(chang)由(you)“超大”走向“超強”,關鍵在於健全要素市場體係,規範競爭秩序,完善要素配置機製,營造更加公平、更具活力的市場環境。統籌地區間的競爭與合作關係,增強政策協同,促進創新資源跨區域共享融通,形成良性互動、優勢互補、hezuogongyingdequyuxietongchuangxingeju。kuodagaoshuipingduiwaikaifang,liyongguoneiguojishichangdexietongzuoyongheguimojingjixiaoying,datongguoneiwaigaoduanyaosushichang,zengqiangduiquanqiuyouzhiziyuandejijunengli,dazaoxiyinguojichuangxinyaosude“引力場”。
夯實綠色家底 厚植生態根基
綠色發展是高質量發展的底色,新質生產力本身就是綠色生產力。新質生產力代表著更具創新性、可持續性與競爭力的發展方向,是推動生態文明建設的重要動能。新質生產力的“質優”hendachengdujiutixianzailvsefazhanshang。lvshuiqingshanyunhanzhewuqiongdejingjijiazhi,nengyuanyuanbuduanchuangzaozonghexiaoyi,zhichengjingjishehuikechixufazhan。dangqian,jinguanshengtaihuanjingbaohurenwujianju,danshengtaihuanjingyezaichixugaishan,buduanyunyuzhexindejingzhengyoushi。zheyouzhuyutuidongditan、生態、循環經濟蓬勃發展,加速形成綠色生產與生活方式,不斷夯實高質量發展的“綠色家底”。
新(xin)質(zhi)生(sheng)產(chan)力(li)本(ben)質(zhi)上(shang)是(shi)先(xian)進(jin)生(sheng)產(chan)力(li)質(zhi)態(tai),不(bu)僅(jin)要(yao)求(qiu)重(zhong)構(gou)生(sheng)產(chan)力(li)發(fa)展(zhan)邏(luo)輯(ji),更(geng)強(qiang)調(tiao)人(ren)與(yu)自(zi)然(ran)和(he)諧(xie)共(gong)生(sheng)。堅(jian)持(chi)以(yi)創(chuang)新(xin)驅(qu)動(dong)綠(lv)色(se)變(bian)革(ge),通(tong)過(guo)科(ke)技(ji)賦(fu)能(neng)推(tui)動(dong)生(sheng)產(chan)要(yao)素(su)的(de)綠(lv)色(se)轉(zhuan)型(xing)與(yu)高(gao)效(xiao)配(pei)置(zhi),進(jin)而(er)將(jiang)綠(lv)色(se)技(ji)術(shu)、xianjinchanyeyuditanshenghuofangshiquanmianrongrushengtaiwenmingjianshe,zhizaitupoziyuanhuanjingyueshu,kaipikechixufazhanxinlujing。zaishijianzhong,yaoquanmiantishenglvsekejichuangxinnengli,zuzhikaizhanlvsekejigongguan,jiaqiangshuzijishuyulvsejishuderonghe,jiakuaichanyelvsezhuanxingshengji,dazaogaoxiaoshengtailvsechanyejiqun。jiakuaigoujianlvseditanxunhuanfazhanjingjitixi,zhuangdalvsechanyehelvsejingjiguimo,xianzhujiangdiquanliantiaonenghaowuhao,xingchengkejihanlianggao、資源消耗少、環境汙染小的產業結構。
xinzhishengchanliqubieyuchuantongshengchanlideyigezhongyaofangmian,jiushijiangshengtaihuanjingdengyaosunarushengchanhanshu,jiaqianglvsekejichuangxin,tigaoziyuanliyongxiaolv。jiakuaifazhanxinzhishengchanli,jiuyaolaogushulihejianxinglvshuiqingshanjiushijinshanyinshandelinian,jiandingbuyizoushengtaiyouxian、綠色發展之路,站在人與自然和諧共生的高度謀劃發展。以碳達峰碳中和為牽引,協同推進降碳、減汙、擴綠、增長,構建清潔低碳安全高效的能源體係,加快綠色低碳技術應用,推動形成節約資源和保護環境的空間格局、產業結構、生產方式、生活方式,以生態“含綠量”提升發展“含金量”。
生sheng態tai安an全quan是shi國guo家jia安an全quan的de重zhong要yao基ji石shi。作zuo為wei綠lv色se生sheng產chan力li,新xin質zhi生sheng產chan力li發fa展zhan與yu生sheng態tai安an全quan緊jin密mi相xiang連lian。必bi須xu堅jian持chi以yi總zong體ti國guo家jia安an全quan觀guan為wei指zhi導dao,從cong保bao障zhang國guo家jia生sheng態tai安an全quan、實現中華民族永續發展的高度出發,全麵提升生態係統多樣性、穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)和(he)持(chi)續(xu)性(xing)。要(yao)紮(zha)實(shi)推(tui)進(jin)生(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護(hu)修(xiu)複(fu),強(qiang)化(hua)監(jian)管(guan)效(xiao)能(neng),加(jia)快(kuai)建(jian)設(she)國(guo)家(jia)生(sheng)態(tai)安(an)全(quan)屏(ping)障(zhang),為(wei)子(zi)孫(sun)後(hou)代(dai)留(liu)下(xia)山(shan)清(qing)水(shui)秀(xiu)的(de)生(sheng)態(tai)空(kong)間(jian)。持(chi)續(xu)推(tui)進(jin)汙(wu)染(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)攻(gong)堅(jian)和(he)生(sheng)態(tai)係(xi)統(tong)優(you)化(hua),積(ji)極(ji)有(you)效(xiao)應(ying)對(dui)各(ge)種(zhong)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)風(feng)險(xian)挑(tiao)戰(zhan),把(ba)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)風(feng)險(xian)納(na)入(ru)常(chang)態(tai)化(hua)管(guan)理(li),係(xi)統(tong)構(gou)建(jian)全(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)、多層級生態環境風險防範體係。同時,完善國家生態安全工作協調機製,增強風險研判、監測預警、應急響應與處置能力,實現新質生產力發展與生態安全保障的良性互促。