在zai國guo際ji金jin融rong危wei機ji蔓man延yan，世shi界jie經jing濟ji形xing勢shi複fu雜za多duo變bian的de環huan境jing下xia，各ge國guo正zheng致zhi力li於yu通tong過guo調tiao整zheng產chan業ye結jie構gou
，應ying對dui金jin融rong危wei機ji的de挑tiao戰zhan，恢hui複fu經jing濟ji增zeng長chang的de動dong力li。與yu此ci同tong時shi，中zhong國guo也ye正zheng通tong過guo積ji極ji的de製zhi度du創chuang新xin優you化hua產chan業ye結jie構gou與yu布bu局ju，擺bai脫tuo金jin融rong危wei機ji的de束shu縛fu，保bao持chi經jing濟ji持chi續xu、健康和快速發展。2009nianzhongyangjingjigongzuohuiyitebiezhichuyaocongzhiduanpairushou
，yinshilidaoyindaoguojichanyeyouxudixiangbenguozhuanyi
，yishirangwomenchongfenliyongjinrongweijiyinzhidequanqiuchanyejiegoutiaozhengheguojifengongzhongzudelishiqiji
，xiyinkejihanlianghechanpinfujiazhigaodexiandaixianjinchanyehegaoduanshengchanhuanjiexiangbenguozhuanyi，tuidongwoguochanyejiegoudeyouhuayushengji。yindaoguojichanyezhuanyidelishijiyu

　　國guo際ji金jin融rong危wei機ji的de爆bao發fa導dao致zhi了le全quan球qiu經jing濟ji的de衰shuai退tui，促cu使shi世shi界jie各ge國guo設she計ji有you效xiao的de製zhi度du安an排pai調tiao整zheng產chan業ye結jie構gou
，以yi作zuo為wei應ying對dui金jin融rong危wei機ji的de主zhu要yao手shou段duan，這zhe使shi得de金jin融rong危wei機ji有you可ke能neng為wei中zhong國guo引yin導dao和he承cheng接jie國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi創chuang造zao了le一yi次ci難nan得de的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu。

　　一方麵，金融危機為中國引導國際產業轉移創造了客觀的曆史機遇。從全球維度來看
，雖然隨著世界經濟一體化的深入發展，資本、技ji術shu和he勞lao動dong力li等deng生sheng產chan要yao素su在zai市shi場chang機ji製zhi的de作zuo用yong下xia全quan球qiu流liu動dong與yu組zu合he配pei置zhi，催cui促cu著zhe一yi國guo或huo地di區qu內nei部bu的de產chan業ye向xiang具ju有you比bi較jiao優you勢shi的de地di區qu轉zhuan移yi，但dan是shi，由you於yu發fa達da國guo家jia比bi發fa展zhan中zhong國guo家jia表biao現xian出chu較jiao高gao的de經jing濟ji發fa展zhan水shui平ping和he較jiao強qiang的de科ke技ji力li量liang，使shi得de它ta們men在zai世shi界jie分fen工gong體ti係xi和he利li益yi分fen配pei格ge局ju中zhong占zhan據ju主zhu導dao地di位wei。他ta們men將jiang資zi源yuan消xiao耗hao和he環huan境jing汙wu染ran水shui平ping高gao


、jishuhanlianghechanpinfujiazhididechanyexiangfazhanzhongguojiahebufadaguojiazhuanyi，yitengchudiyukongjianfazhankejihanlianghechanpinfujiazhigaodexianjinchanyeheshengchanhuanjie，yiweichizishenzaichanyejiazhiliangaoduandeyoushidiwei。raner
，youyuchuyuchanyejiazhiliangaoduandeshengchanhuanjiehexianjinchanyeduoshizibenyujishumijixingdefeiwuzhishengchanhuanjiehechanye，guojijinrongweijidebaofashidejinrongzibenduanlie，daozhifeiwuzhishengchanhuanjiehechanyequefajinrongzibendezhicheng，yiner，jinrongweijiqiangliedichongjilefadaguojianeibubuhelidegangxingchanyejiegou
，birancushitamenzhongxinxietiaofeiwuzhishengchanhuanjiehechanyeyushiwushengchanhuanjiehechanyedexiangduibizhong，jiangyibufenchuyuchanyejiazhiliangaoduandeshengchanhuanjiehezibenyujishumijixingdexianjinchanyexianghaiwaizhuanyi
，youcikenengxingchengguojichanyezhuanyidexinlangchao。

　　另ling一yi方fang麵mian
，金jin融rong危wei機ji為wei中zhong國guo引yin導dao國guo際ji產chan業ye轉zhuan移yi創chuang造zao了le主zhu觀guan的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu。改gai革ge開kai放fang三san十shi多duo年nian的de曆li史shi經jing驗yan表biao明ming，中zhong國guo成cheng功gong的de製zhi度du轉zhuan型xing有you效xiao地di促cu進jin了le經jing濟ji結jie構gou的de優you化hua和he經jing濟ji增zeng長chang方fang式shi的de轉zhuan變bian，產chan生sheng了le“經濟增長奇跡”
，jidadisuoxiaoleyufadaguojiadejingjifazhanchaju。jishiguojijinrongweijixijuanquanqiu，zhishishijiegeguojingjixiahua，zhongguosuiranyewuyiliwaidibunengxingmian
，raner，zhengdangshijiegeguozhiliyuxunzhaojinrongweijideyingduizhiceshi，zhongguopingjieduiwaikaifangsanshiduoniansuojileidewuzhijichuhejishiyouxiaodezhiduanpai，lvxianzouchulejinrongweijideyinmai

，shidefadaguojiadekuaguogongsizaimianlinbentushengchanyujingyinghuanjingehuashi
，zhongxinshenshizhongguodeshengchanchengbenhejiaoyichengbenyoushisuodailaideshengchanhejingyinghuanjingdegaishan。cishi，zhongguoyoukenengyikaozhiduzhuanxingsuoleijidejingyan，jinyibutiaozhengzhengcehechuangxinzhidu，chuangzaochanyeshengjidexinhuanjing
，zhudongyindaohechengjieguojixianjinchanyezhuanyi
，bingzaibenguopeiyuwanzhengdechanyejiazhilian，youhuachanyedekongjianbuju，tuidongchanyejiegoushengji。yindaoguojichanyezhuanyidezhiduchuangxin

　　中zhong國guo作zuo為wei正zheng處chu於yu工gong業ye化hua進jin程cheng中zhong的de世shi界jie上shang最zui大da的de發fa展zhan中zhong國guo家jia，要yao巧qiao借jie金jin融rong危wei機ji的de曆li史shi機ji遇yu，加jia快kuai現xian代dai工gong業ye化hua進jin程cheng，實shi現xian大da國guo的de經jing濟ji趕gan超chao
，必bi然ran需xu要yao通tong過guo製zhi度du創chuang新xin引yin導dao國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he產chan業ye價jia值zhi鏈lian高gao端duan的de生sheng產chan環huan節jie向xiang本ben國guo轉zhuan移yi來lai實shi現xian。為wei此ci，我wo們men有you針zhen對dui性xing地di提ti出chu引yin導dao國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he高gao端duan生sheng產chan環huan節jie轉zhuan移yi的de政zheng策ce調tiao整zheng和he製zhi度du創chuang新xin：

　　第di一yi，提ti高gao投tou資zi政zheng策ce的de差cha異yi化hua程cheng度du，破po除chu無wu形xing的de投tou資zi政zheng策ce壁bi壘lei。為wei了le承cheng接jie國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he高gao端duan生sheng產chan環huan節jie轉zhuan移yi
，對dui不bu同tong地di區qu承cheng接jie不bu同tong產chan業ye或huo生sheng產chan環huan節jie的de投tou資zi政zheng策ce應ying盡jin可ke能neng差cha別bie對dui待dai，並bing增zeng強qiang投tou資zi政zheng策ce的de透tou明ming度du
，消xiao除chu政zheng策ce性xing歧qi視shi。一yi方fang麵mian
，由you於yu中zhong國guo各ge地di區qu資zi源yuan稟bing賦fu、技ji術shu水shui平ping和he經jing濟ji發fa展zhan水shui平ping存cun在zai差cha異yi，國guo家jia在zai製zhi定ding投tou資zi政zheng策ce時shi
，應ying考kao慮lv給gei予yu各ge地di區qu一yi定ding的de自zi主zhu性xing，采cai取qu國guo家jia製zhi定ding投tou資zi政zheng策ce指zhi導dao原yuan則ze
，各ge地di區qu依yi據ju此ci原yuan則ze結jie合he自zi身shen的de經jing濟ji發fa展zhan水shui平ping
，差cha異yi化hua地di製zhi定ding鼓gu勵li、限(xian)製(zhi)和(he)禁(jin)止(zhi)外(wai)商(shang)投(tou)資(zi)產(chan)業(ye)的(de)政(zheng)策(ce)。另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)
，地(di)方(fang)政(zheng)府(fu)主(zhu)管(guan)部(bu)門(men)應(ying)加(jia)快(kuai)清(qing)理(li)與(yu)降(jiang)低(di)投(tou)資(zi)壁(bi)壘(lei)和(he)投(tou)資(zi)政(zheng)策(ce)透(tou)明(ming)度(du)原(yuan)則(ze)不(bu)相(xiang)適(shi)應(ying)的(de)政(zheng)策(ce)規(gui)章(zhang)，並(bing)逐(zhu)步(bu)廢(fei)除(chu)一(yi)些(xie)與(yu)促(cu)進(jin)投(tou)資(zi)自(zi)由(you)化(hua)的(de)國(guo)際(ji)規(gui)則(ze)相(xiang)衝(chong)突(tu)的(de)法(fa)律(lv)法(fa)規(gui)，且(qie)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)完(wan)善(shan)促(cu)進(jin)不(bu)同(tong)地(di)區(qu)各(ge)類(lei)產(chan)業(ye)投(tou)資(zi)相(xiang)適(shi)應(ying)的(de)自(zi)由(you)化(hua)規(gui)則(ze)，同(tong)時(shi)
，還(hai)應(ying)加(jia)強(qiang)投(tou)資(zi)自(zi)由(you)化(hua)政(zheng)策(ce)的(de)對(dui)外(wai)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)，及(ji)時(shi)對(dui)外(wai)公(gong)布(bu)鼓(gu)勵(li)

、限製和禁止外商投資產業信息，並確保這些信息的國際傳播。

　　第di二er
，調tiao整zheng稅shui收shou政zheng策ce優you惠hui方fang式shi，增zeng強qiang稅shui收shou政zheng策ce的de相xiang對dui有you效xiao性xing。稅shui收shou政zheng策ce反fan映ying了le政zheng府fu對dui企qi業ye與yu個ge人ren收shou益yi的de征zheng稅shui水shui平ping，因yin此ci，稅shui收shou政zheng策ce一yi直zhi是shi作zuo為wei世shi界jie各ge國guo引yin導dao產chan業ye資zi本ben流liu向xiang的de重zhong要yao手shou段duan。為wei了le提ti高gao國guo際ji先xian進jin產chan業ye和he生sheng產chan環huan節jie的de轉zhuan移yi效xiao率lv，應ying依yi據ju地di區qu特te征zheng和he產chan業ye的de特te性xing
，采cai取qu多duo樣yang化hua的de稅shui收shou政zheng策ce優you惠hui方fang式shi。一yi方fang麵mian
，應ying適shi時shi地di依yi據ju地di區qu和he產chan業ye政zheng策ce的de需xu要yao
，協xie調tiao采cai用yong各ge種zhong稅shui收shou政zheng策ce優you惠hui方fang式shi。由you於yu間jian接jie稅shui收shou優you惠hui方fang式shi能neng對dui投tou資zi周zhou期qi長chang
、風險高的資本與技術密集型產業帶來更為實際的政策優惠，因此

，應逐步采取以加速折舊、虧(kui)損(sun)彌(mi)補(bu)等(deng)間(jian)接(jie)稅(shui)收(shou)優(you)惠(hui)方(fang)式(shi)為(wei)主(zhu)，促(cu)進(jin)資(zi)本(ben)和(he)技(ji)術(shu)密(mi)集(ji)型(xing)產(chan)業(ye)投(tou)資(zi)。另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)

，政(zheng)府(fu)應(ying)依(yi)據(ju)地(di)域(yu)特(te)征(zheng)和(he)產(chan)業(ye)特(te)性(xing)製(zhi)定(ding)細(xi)化(hua)的(de)稅(shui)收(shou)優(you)惠(hui)政(zheng)策(ce)，並(bing)在(zai)地(di)區(qu)之(zhi)間(jian)、xingyezhijianheshengchanhuanjiezhijiantixianshuishouzhengceyouhuidexiangduiyouxiaoxing。duiyujishumijixingdexianjinchanyehuoshengchanhuanjie，kefuyuxiangduiyuqitachanyehuoshengchanhuanjiegengweiyouhoudeshuishouyouhui，tongshi，weileguliluohoudiquxiyinchanyezhuanyi，keshidanghuodexiangduiyujingjifadadiqueryangengweiyouhoudeshuishouzhengce，yitigaoshuishouyouhuizhengcezaijingjiluohoudiqudexiangduiyouxiaoxing。

　　第三，創新商業交易製度，減少企業與政府之間的交往成本。為了更好地承接國際先進產業的轉移，中國應簡化對現代先進企業的創立、biangengyutuichushengchanyujingyinghuodongdeshouquanyuhuibaochengxu。shouxian

，keyichangshiyouzhongyangbuweichutaigediqushenpiwaiziqiyedeyuanze，bingzaigegejibiedexingzhengquhuadanweishelishenpijiguanqiegeiyutamenyudiqujingjifazhanguimoxiangyingdeshenpiquanxian
，qieyifalvxingshijiayiguding。zaiguojiaduiwaishangsheliqiyeguidingshenpiyuanzedetiaojianxia，weilegulizhixiashihejingjifadadiquchengjieguowaixianjinchanyedezhuanyi，zhongyangkeshidanggeiyudiquzhengfuduiyuxiandaixianjinchanyejiaogaodeshenpiquanxian。qici，jinkenengjianhuawaishangtouzishenqingshelixiandaixianjinqiyedeshenpishouxu
，zengqiangshenpidetoumingduhetigaoshenpixiaolv。shenpijiguankeshidangjianhuawaizideshenpihelianhenianjianshouxu，shixing“一站式”服務，且在經營期內，企業因投資總額和生產經營規模等發生變化而需減少、增加或轉讓注冊資本，或是將其

　　財產權益對外抵押、轉讓
，以及政府商務、財政
、工商行政管理、shuiwudenggebumenduiwaiziqiyeshixinglianhenianjianshi，yingtigaoxingzhengjiguanshenpihebanlidexiaolvhetoumingdu
，jinkenengdijianhuabanlishouxu
，jianshaoqiyezhifuxingzhengshenpihenianjiandechengben。zaici
，gaibianyiwangwaishangtouziqiyeyinjingyingqixianmanerzhongzhijingyingde“一刀切”辦ban法fa
，對dui於yu外wai商shang在zai本ben國guo投tou資zi現xian代dai先xian進jin企qi業ye，采cai用yong類lei似si於yu內nei資zi企qi業ye的de終zhong止zhi經jing營ying的de辦ban法fa，可ke先xian由you企qi業ye聘pin用yong清qing算suan機ji構gou出chu具ju具ju有you法fa律lv效xiao應ying的de清qing算suan報bao告gao
，再zai報bao審shen批pi機ji關guan審shen核he，實shi現xian內nei外wai資zi企qi業ye在zai審shen批pi手shou續xu上shang等deng同tong對dui待dai。

　　disi，jianquanchanquanbaohuzhidu，jiangdiqiyeshengchanyujingyingzhongdebuquedingxing。weileyouxiaoyindaoguojixianjinchanyeyouxuxiangbenguozhuanyi
，womenjiyaojiadazhishichanquanbaohuzhidudechuangxinlidu，youyaonulitigaorenlizibenchanquandebaohushuiping。duiyuzhishichanquanbaohuzhidudechuangxin，yifangmian，yingnuliwanshanzhishichanquanbaohufalv，zhubufugaidangqianfalvtiaowensuobunenghangaidemangqu，bingyijuxingyehuoshengchanhuanjieduizhishichanquandeminganchengdubutong
，shishidizhidingxiangguandezhishichanquanbaohufagui;另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)麵(mian)，應(ying)增(zeng)強(qiang)知(zhi)識(shi)產(chan)權(quan)的(de)執(zhi)法(fa)力(li)度(du)，加(jia)大(da)對(dui)侵(qin)犯(fan)知(zhi)識(shi)產(chan)權(quan)的(de)懲(cheng)罰(fa)力(li)度(du)，提(ti)高(gao)知(zhi)識(shi)產(chan)權(quan)侵(qin)權(quan)的(de)成(cheng)本(ben)。對(dui)於(yu)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)本(ben)產(chan)權(quan)保(bao)護(hu)，首(shou)先(xian)應(ying)適(shi)時(shi)地(di)修(xiu)訂(ding)與(yu)完(wan)善(shan)《勞動法》、《合同法》

、《公司法》、《勞動合同法》等相關法律，消除這些法律法規中相互衝突的規則，加強法律之間的相互銜接與協調；其qi次ci，通tong過guo加jia大da相xiang關guan法fa律lv法fa規gui的de執zhi行xing力li度du和he拓tuo寬kuan覆fu蓋gai麵mian，確que保bao人ren力li資zi本ben交jiao易yi雙shuang方fang在zai平ping等deng互hu利li的de前qian提ti下xia，完wan善shan人ren力li資zi本ben產chan權quan的de交jiao易yi程cheng序xu，減jian少shao人ren力li資zi本ben交jiao易yi的de不bu確que定ding性xing;zaici，dalifazhanrenlizibenshichanghejianlirenlizibenshichangjiaoyizhidu
，kuodazibenxinxijiaoliuqudao，tigaorenlizibenxinxigongxiangshuiping，jiangdiqiyehuoqurenlizibendexinxichengben，fahuifanyingrenlizibenjiazhideshichangjizhi，baozhangrenlizibenchanquan，fangzhirenlizibenchanquanjiaoyi“事前”和“事後”的機會主義行為，提高人力資本的利用效率。（作者 林長華 楊晶晶 單位：北京大學、湖南大學）