http://www.kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-10 07:58:07 來源:中國自動化學會專家谘詢工作委員會
以“轉變發展方式,加快結構調整,做強中國工業”為主題,中國工業報社和中共中央黨校黨建部、中國國防科技工業企業管理協會共同舉辦的第二屆中國工業論壇於3月27-28日在北京舉行,搜狐財經作為獨家門戶網站支持從現場發回如下精彩報道。
國務院研究室工交司 唐元:我認為是我國未來發展的一條主線,就是綠色發展,中國未來發展的一個戰略選擇。

國務院研究室工交司 唐元
第(di)一(yi)我(wo)想(xiang)說(shuo)一(yi)下(xia)綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)是(shi)科(ke)學(xue)發(fa)展(zhan)觀(guan)的(de)一(yi)個(ge)重(zhong)要(yao)環(huan)節(jie),首(shou)先(xian)做(zuo)一(yi)些(xie)分(fen)析(xi)。我(wo)國(guo)現(xian)在(zai)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)階(jie)段(duan)性(xing)來(lai)看(kan),長(chang)期(qi)趨(qu)勢(shi)現(xian)在(zai)正(zheng)好(hao)處(chu)於(yu)從(cong)中(zhong)收(shou)入(ru)向(xiang)高(gao)收(shou)入(ru)發(fa)展(zhan)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong),78年改革開放以後,到現在我們實現了從低收入向中收入的一個過渡,到2009年我們人均GDP現在已經是3700美元左右,2001年中國人均GDP超過了1千美元,從1千美元到將近4千美元我們隻用了8年時間,在未來十年左右我國人均GDP按照不變價加上彙率升值,加上價格指數,有可能在2020年之前人均GDP超過1萬(wan)美(mei)元(yuan),經(jing)濟(ji)增(zeng)量(liang)是(shi)位(wei)居(ju)世(shi)界(jie)第(di)一(yi),有(you)可(ke)能(neng)成(cheng)為(wei)世(shi)界(jie)第(di)一(yi)大(da)經(jing)濟(ji)體(ti)。我(wo)們(men)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)就(jiu)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)規(gui)律(lv)性(xing)的(de)問(wen)題(ti),這(zhe)個(ge)規(gui)律(lv)就(jiu)是(shi)從(cong)低(di)收(shou)入(ru)到(dao)高(gao)收(shou)入(ru)的(de)過(guo)程(cheng),遵(zun)循(xun)生(sheng)命(ming)增(zeng)長(chang)曲(qu)線(xian),而(er)我(wo)國(guo)正(zheng)好(hao)處(chu)於(yu)追(zhui)趕(gan)期(qi)發(fa)展(zhan)軌(gui)道(dao),所(suo)以(yi)這(zhe)樣(yang)一(yi)個(ge)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)路(lu)徑(jing)不(bu)是(shi)誰(shui)的(de)想(xiang)發(fa)展(zhan)多(duo)快(kuai)就(jiu)發(fa)展(zhan)多(duo)快(kuai),是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)規(gui)律(lv)性(xing),有(you)時(shi)候(hou)擋(dang)都(dou)擋(dang)不(bu)住(zhu)。這(zhe)麼(me)一(yi)個(ge)規(gui)律(lv)性(xing)如(ru)果(guo)要(yao)真(zhen)正(zheng)實(shi)現(xian),我(wo)國(guo)還(hai)必(bi)須(xu)要(yao)克(ke)服(fu)一(yi)些(xie)問(wen)題(ti),這(zhe)些(xie)問(wen)題(ti)一(yi)個(ge)是(shi)發(fa)展(zhan)不(bu)和(he)諧(xie)的(de)問(wen)題(ti),第(di)二(er)個(ge)發(fa)展(zhan)差(cha)距(ju)的(de)問(wen)題(ti),第(di)三(san)個(ge)資(zi)源(yuan)短(duan)缺(que)的(de)問(wen)題(ti),第(di)四(si)個(ge)環(huan)境(jing)破(po)壞(huai)的(de)問(wen)題(ti),第(di)五(wu)個(ge)競(jing)爭(zheng)力(li)弱(ruo)的(de)問(wen)題(ti)。所(suo)以(yi)不(bu)和(he)諧(xie),主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)地(di)區(qu)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)不(bu)和(he)諧(xie),然(ran)後(hou)收(shou)入(ru)發(fa)展(zhan)有(you)一(yi)些(xie)有(you)很(hen)大(da)的(de)差(cha)距(ju),導(dao)致(zhi)人(ren)與(yu)人(ren)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)和(he)諧(xie),很(hen)多(duo)一(yi)些(xie)因(yin)素(su)需(xu)要(yao)我(wo)們(men)認(ren)真(zhen)地(di)克(ke)服(fu),隻(zhi)要(yao)把(ba)這(zhe)些(xie)問(wen)題(ti)把(ba)它(ta)克(ke)服(fu)了(le),剛(gang)才(cai)說(shuo)的(de)這(zhe)麼(me)一(yi)個(ge)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)路(lu)徑(jing)才(cai)能(neng)夠(gou)真(zhen)正(zheng)的(de)實(shi)現(xian)。如(ru)果(guo)這(zhe)些(xie)問(wen)題(ti)克(ke)服(fu)不(bu)好(hao),都(dou)有(you)可(ke)能(neng)陷(xian)入(ru)南(nan)美(mei)國(guo)家(jia)中(zhong)等(deng)收(shou)入(ru)國(guo)家(jia)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)一(yi)個(ge)陷(xian)井(jing),正(zheng)是(shi)針(zhen)對(dui)這(zhe)樣(yang)一(yi)些(xie)問(wen)題(ti),實(shi)際(ji)上(shang)黨(dang)中(zhong)央(yang)、guowuyuanhenyouyuanjiande,shiqidayihoujiutichulekexuefazhanguandegainian,tadeneirongshijishangjiushicujinzhenggejingjihexiexingfazhan,anquanxingfazhan,jieyuexingfazhan,huanjingyouhaoxingfazhan,hechuangxinxingdefazhan,zhexiefazhanguanlidounangkuole,zhiyaoanzhaozhegefazhanguanzou,jiunengshixiansiqianmeiyuandaoyiwanmeiyuandekuayue。woguoshishichuangxinxingguojiazhanlve,shishilecujinshehuihexiedezhanlve,birushuosuoxiaochaju,huanjieshehuimaodun,suoxiaochengxiangeryuanjiegou,dangranyouxiedifangbutaimanyi。lvsefazhanshijishiziyuanjieyuexinghehuanjingyouhaoxingdefazhan,womenrenweijiushikexuefazhandeyigezhongyaozuchengbufen,zheyangjiubiaomingwoguozaishixianhepingjueqideguochengzhong,yaoliyongjinliangshaodeziyuan,tongshijiangjingjifazhanduihuanjingdepohuaijiangdaozuididexiandu,tongguozhemeyizhongfangshishixianhepingjueqi,zheyitiaoluzijiaolvsefazhandaolu。weileshixianlvsezhegefazhandaolu,guojiatichulejieyueziyuan,baohuhuanjinglianggejibenguoce,shishilelvsefazhandengyixiliedezhongdazhanlve。
剛(gang)才(cai)介(jie)紹(shao)的(de)內(nei)容(rong)實(shi)際(ji)上(shang)我(wo)國(guo)一(yi)直(zhi)在(zai)推(tui)進(jin),盡(jin)管(guan)沒(mei)有(you)明(ming)確(que)說(shuo)綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan),從(cong)戰(zhan)略(lve)上(shang)沒(mei)有(you)明(ming)確(que)提(ti)出(chu)來(lai),但(dan)是(shi)有(you)關(guan)中(zhong)央(yang)領(ling)導(dao)比(bi)如(ru)像(xiang)胡(hu)錦(jin)濤(tao)總(zong)書(shu)記(ji)多(duo)次(ci)提(ti)到(dao)要(yao)發(fa)展(zhan)綠(lv)色(se)經(jing)濟(ji),為(wei)什(shen)麼(me)今(jin)天(tian)想(xiang)給(gei)大(da)家(jia)說(shuo)綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)是(shi)我(wo)國(guo)未(wei)來(lai)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)一(yi)個(ge)必(bi)然(ran)選(xuan)擇(ze)戰(zhan)略(lve),我(wo)想(xiang)有(you)三(san)個(ge)因(yin)素(su)決(jue)定(ding)了(le)當(dang)前(qian)我(wo)們(men)必(bi)須(xu)盡(jin)快(kuai)走(zou)上(shang)綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)一(yi)個(ge)道(dao)路(lu)是(shi)刻(ke)不(bu)容(rong)緩(huan)的(de)事(shi)。有(you)三(san)個(ge)事(shi),第(di)一(yi)個(ge)是(shi)國(guo)內(nei)環(huan)境(jing)資(zi)源(yuan)約(yue)束(shu)來(lai)看(kan),這(zhe)個(ge)數(shu)據(ju)大(da)家(jia)都(dou)看(kan)得(de)很(hen)清(qing)楚(chu),就(jiu)是(shi)國(guo)內(nei)能(neng)源(yuan)資(zi)源(yuan)嚴(yan)重(zhong)短(duan)缺(que),環(huan)境(jing)約(yue)束(shu)日(ri)益(yi)嚴(yan)重(zhong),比(bi)如(ru)說(shuo)能(neng)源(yuan)資(zi)源(yuan)像(xiang)石(shi)油(you)對(dui)外(wai)依(yi)存(cun)度(du)超(chao)過(guo)50%,lingwaixiangkuangchanziyuandaliangyikaojinkou,yinweitiekuangshidaliangyilaijinkoudaozhiguojitiekuangshijiagejinnianjiangjinyibeidefuduwangshangzhang,lvkuangheyousedoushidaliangyikaojinkou,shuomingwomenzishenkuangchanziyuanmeiyouzhichengjingjidefazhan。huanjingyueshuriyiyanzhong,taihuwuran,dianchiwuran,womenjinhaidehongchao,zhusanjiaodehuimaitianqi,xiangqianyiduanshijiandeshachenbaodengyixiliedewentigeiwomenqiaojingzhong。zhexiewentibiaomingwoguoshengtaihuanjingyueshu,ziyuandeyueshuyijingfeichangyanjun,buyunxuwoguojixuzougaohaodixiaodefazhanluzi。
第di二er個ge是shi應ying對dui氣qi候hou的de變bian化hua。我wo想xiang有you四si點dian,我wo們men不bu能neng忽hu視shi氣qi候hou變bian化hua因yin素su。一yi個ge就jiu是shi氣qi候hou變bian化hua,全quan球qiu因yin為wei溫wen室shi氣qi體ti的de排pai放fang增zeng多duo,導dao致zhi全quan球qiu氣qi溫wen增zeng長chang,而er且qie這zhe一yi百bai多duo年nian來lai增zeng長chang是shi一yi種zhong異yi常chang的de狀zhuang態tai,這zhe個ge情qing況kuang已yi經jing得de到dao了le基ji本ben共gong識shi,導dao致zhi了le北bei極ji冰bing川chuan的de溶rong化hua,還hai有you導dao致zhi極ji端duan氣qi候hou變bian化hua,災zai難nan性xing的de氣qi候hou很hen多duo。第di二er個ge是shi減jian少shao溫wen室shi氣qi體ti的de排pai放fang,主zhu要yao是shi二er氧yang化hua碳tan的de排pai放fang,然ran後hou把ba未wei來lai的de溫wen度du上shang升sheng的de幅fu度du控kong製zhi在zai2度(du)以(yi)內(nei),這(zhe)個(ge)在(zai)世(shi)界(jie)各(ge)個(ge)基(ji)本(ben)上(shang)形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)共(gong)識(shi),就(jiu)是(shi)要(yao)把(ba)未(wei)來(lai)全(quan)球(qiu)氣(qi)候(hou)溫(wen)度(du)控(kong)製(zhi)在(zai)升(sheng)高(gao)兩(liang)度(du)以(yi)內(nei),這(zhe)個(ge)基(ji)本(ben)形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)共(gong)識(shi),超(chao)過(guo)兩(liang)度(du)以(yi)後(hou)就(jiu)可(ke)能(neng)出(chu)現(xian)氣(qi)候(hou)不(bu)可(ke)控(kong)的(de)狀(zhuang)態(tai)。為(wei)了(le)達(da)到(dao)這(zhe)一(yi)點(dian),現(xian)在(zai)大(da)家(jia)都(dou)在(zai)提(ti)出(chu)一(yi)些(xie)二(er)氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan)減(jian)排(pai)的(de)目(mu)標(biao)和(he)對(dui)各(ge)國(guo)的(de)要(yao)求(qiu),考(kao)慮(lv)累(lei)計(ji)排(pai)放(fang)量(liang)諸(zhu)多(duo)因(yin)素(su),現(xian)在(zai)要(yao)求(qiu)發(fa)達(da)國(guo)家(jia)走(zou)絕(jue)對(dui)減(jian)排(pai)的(de)路(lu)子(zi),要(yao)求(qiu)發(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)像(xiang)中(zhong)國(guo)新(xin)興(xing)發(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)至(zhi)少(shao)要(yao)搞(gao)相(xiang)對(dui)減(jian)排(pai),什(shen)麼(me)叫(jiao)相(xiang)對(dui)減(jian)排(pai)?GDP增長速度要應當高於二氧化碳排放的增長幅度的概念,單位GDP二氧化碳排放指標必須要下降,我們承諾單位GDP二氧化碳排放量從2005-2020年降低40-45%。所suo以yi給gei我wo們men的de減jian排pai壓ya力li很hen大da,但dan是shi這zhe個ge前qian提ti中zhong國guo是shi發fa展zhan中zhong國guo家jia。第di三san個ge考kao慮lv我wo們men現xian在zai是shi最zui大da的de發fa展zhan中zhong國guo家jia,又you是shi二er氧yang化hua碳tan最zui多duo的de國guo家jia,在zai我wo們men進jin入ru發fa達da國guo家jia行xing業ye前qian,我wo們men可ke以yi承cheng擔dan相xiang對dui減jian排pai的de責ze任ren。第di四si考kao慮lv價jia格ge因yin素su和he彙hui率lv升sheng值zhi以yi後hou,中zhong國guo保bao持chi發fa展zhan中zhong國guo家jia帽mao子zi的de時shi間jian隻zhi有you十shi年nian的de時shi間jian,意yi味wei著zhe如ru果guo這zhe十shi年nian時shi間jian不bu能neng盡jin快kuai進jin行xing發fa展zhan模mo式shi的de轉zhuan型xing,到dao時shi候hou我wo們men的de減jian排pai的de壓ya力li會hui更geng大da,不bu允yun許xu你ni再zai搞gao相xiang對dui減jian排pai,有you可ke能neng絕jue對dui減jian排pai,應ying對dui氣qi候hou變bian化hua是shi非fei常chang嚴yan重zhong。
第三走綠色發展可以為經濟長期可持續發展提供動力。經濟發展的動力一個是投資,第二個是消費,第三個是外需,80年代和90年代我們以內需為主,2000年以後外需起了約束性的作用,但目前我國經濟增長粗放、在(zai)世(shi)界(jie)經(jing)濟(ji)格(ge)局(ju)中(zhong)處(chu)於(yu)產(chan)業(ye)鏈(lian)低(di)端(duan),可(ke)能(neng)成(cheng)為(wei)世(shi)界(jie)加(jia)工(gong)廠(chang),在(zai)國(guo)際(ji)市(shi)長(chang)的(de)產(chan)品(pin)附(fu)加(jia)值(zhi)很(hen)低(di),要(yao)持(chi)續(xu)實(shi)現(xian)高(gao)速(su)增(zeng)長(chang),必(bi)須(xu)要(yao)有(you)新(xin)的(de)經(jing)濟(ji)驅(qu)動(dong)力(li),綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)將(jiang)給(gei)中(zhong)國(guo)提(ti)供(gong)長(chang)期(qi)持(chi)續(xu)的(de)驅(qu)動(dong)力(li)。原(yuan)因(yin):綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)包(bao)含(han)的(de)內(nei)容(rong)很(hen)廣(guang),市(shi)場(chang)非(fei)常(chang)廣(guang)闊(kuo),包(bao)括(kuo)綠(lv)色(se)能(neng)源(yuan),綠(lv)色(se)工(gong)業(ye),綠(lv)色(se)環(huan)保(bao),綠(lv)色(se)產(chan)業(ye),信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)術(shu),包(bao)括(kuo)綠(lv)色(se)建(jian)築(zhu)和(he)綠(lv)色(se)交(jiao)通(tong),都(dou)有(you)綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)概(gai)念(nian),所(suo)有(you)的(de)行(xing)業(ye)都(dou)有(you)綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)概(gai)念(nian)。同(tong)時(shi)我(wo)們(men)要(yao)走(zou)綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)道(dao)路(lu),我(wo)國(guo)現(xian)在(zai)掌(zhang)握(wo)的(de)綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)技(ji)術(shu)基(ji)本(ben)上(shang)與(yu)世(shi)界(jie)同(tong)步(bu)。發(fa)展(zhan)綠(lv)色(se)產(chan)業(ye)可(ke)以(yi)給(gei)國(guo)際(ji)競(jing)爭(zheng)優(you)勢(shi),綠(lv)色(se)能(neng)源(yuan)最(zui)重(zhong)要(yao)是(shi)風(feng)電(dian)、核電、智能電網,因特網絡,低碳技術,高速鐵路,這些東西具備跟世界一流國家競爭的優勢,同時加快發展綠色的紡織,電子、shipindengxiaofeipin,shijishangkeyiyingdegengduodeshichang。yidanwomenzoushanglezhegeluzi,zhongguozaishijiejingzhenggejulimianjiukeyizhanyouxiangduibijiaodadeyoushi,womenbuxiangshiyigebijiaozhongguojiadegainian,zheyikuaiwomenkeyishixiankuayueshidefazhan。
我(wo)剛(gang)才(cai)分(fen)析(xi)了(le)三(san)個(ge)因(yin)素(su),曆(li)史(shi)留(liu)給(gei)我(wo)國(guo)轉(zhuan)變(bian)發(fa)展(zhan)方(fang)式(shi),盡(jin)快(kuai)走(zou)上(shang)綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)道(dao)路(lu)的(de)時(shi)間(jian)僅(jin)僅(jin)隻(zhi)有(you)十(shi)年(nian)的(de)時(shi)間(jian),在(zai)這(zhe)個(ge)時(shi)間(jian)比(bi)較(jiao)必(bi)須(xu)走(zou)完(wan)重(zhong)化(hua)工(gong)業(ye)化(hua)的(de)過(guo)程(cheng),大(da)規(gui)模(mo)近(jin)來(lai)設(she)施(shi)建(jian)設(she)的(de)任(ren)務(wu),同(tong)時(shi)必(bi)須(xu)完(wan)全(quan)農(nong)業(ye)、工業、建築、交通等主要行業的綠色轉型,隻有這樣才能盡快實現經濟結構的戰略性調整。
再就是怎麼促進綠色發展,指導事項來看,在“十二五”規劃中要對綠色發展加以部署,紮紮實實加快發展轉型,發展低碳能源技術,促進新能源發展,加快構建符合綠色要求的國民經濟體係、經濟發行機製,技術支撐體係,能源保障體係,宏觀調控體係和社會消費模式,不斷降低單位GDP碳排放強度,用最小的化石能源消耗獲得最大的經濟產出,促進國民經濟和社會發展盡快走上以綠色發展可持續發展的路子。戰略“十二五”期間單位GDP碳排放強度要不斷下降,“十二五”期末初步形成符合綠色發展要求的國民經濟。
戰zhan略lve重zhong點dian一yi個ge是shi加jia快kuai推tui進jin建jian設she節jie約yue型xing社she會hui,繼ji續xu大da力li提ti倡chang節jie約yue光guang榮rong的de社she會hui風feng尚shang,現xian在zai社she會hui比bi較jiao浮fu躁zao,奢she侈chi型xing的de消xiao費fei和he高gao檔dang的de消xiao費fei理li所suo當dang然ran,這zhe不bu符fu合he中zhong國guo傳chuan統tong公gong德de的de美mei德de和he品pin質zhi,我wo覺jiao得de全quan社she會hui要yao提ti倡chang節jie約yue光guang榮rong的de社she會hui風feng尚shang。
dierdianyaogoujianlvsedeguojijingjitixi,yaojianliyinengyuandixiaohaoweitezhengdeguominjingjitixi,jianshaodanweichanchuduihuashinengyuandexiaofeishuiping,shengchanfuhelvsefazhanyaoqiudechanpin,yigeshibenshenshengchanguochengyaojinkuaizuodaojieyuezailiyong,xunhuanliyong。diergeshengchanchulaidechanpinyaoyoulvse,zheyifangmianguojiadezhengcehuiyuelaiyueduo,tongshicujinzheyifangmiandeyouhuizhengceyehuiyuelaiyueduo。suoyiwomenqiyeyaoxianzuodasuan。
第(di)三(san)點(dian)要(yao)構(gou)建(jian)低(di)碳(tan)型(xing)消(xiao)費(fei)模(mo)式(shi),就(jiu)是(shi)綠(lv)色(se)消(xiao)費(fei)的(de)模(mo)式(shi),建(jian)立(li)綠(lv)色(se)消(xiao)費(fei)和(he)綠(lv)色(se)生(sheng)活(huo)方(fang)式(shi)為(wei)主(zhu)流(liu)的(de)消(xiao)費(fei)體(ti)係(xi),要(yao)提(ti)倡(chang)資(zi)源(yuan)節(jie)約(yue)型(xing)消(xiao)費(fei)方(fang)式(shi),要(yao)崇(chong)尚(shang)自(zi)然(ran),追(zhui)求(qiu)健(jian)康(kang),注(zhu)重(zhong)環(huan)保(bao),節(jie)約(yue)資(zi)源(yuan),實(shi)現(xian)人(ren)欲(yu)生(sheng)態(tai)和(he)諧(xie)和(he)環(huan)境(jing)友(you)好(hao)。
第(di)四(si)點(dian)要(yao)構(gou)建(jian)符(fu)合(he)綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)要(yao)求(qiu)的(de)政(zheng)府(fu)宏(hong)觀(guan)調(tiao)控(kong)體(ti)係(xi)。形(xing)成(cheng)以(yi)綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)為(wei)重(zhong)要(yao)目(mu)標(biao)的(de)政(zheng)府(fu)宏(hong)觀(guan)調(tiao)控(kong)關(guan)係(xi),把(ba)綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)成(cheng)為(wei)政(zheng)府(fu)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)職(zhi)能(neng),要(yao)設(she)立(li)專(zhuan)門(men)機(ji)構(gou)促(cu)進(jin)綠(lv)色(se)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)。
第五個大方麵我跟大家介紹一下今後一個時期促進綠色發展的措施建議。
第一、還是要把完善節能減排約束性指標體係,強化的分解、監測和考核。
第二、促進化石能源清潔化利用。
一是盡快攻克煤炭清潔發電關鍵技術,煤炭占70、80%,未來相當一段時間實際上不可能改變這樣一個格局,我覺得首先要在煤炭發電這個環節,攻克清潔發電關鍵的技術。
ershiyaoqiangzhituixingmeitanxixuan,womenxianzaidexixuanlvhendi,tongshixixuandemeitanmeiyourenmai,meitanqiyeyaochanshenghenduodeeryanghualiu,huozhehenduodewuran,kenengyaobafadianjiguolunonghuai,suoyimeitanxixuanshiyigedangwuzhiji,yinggaijinkuaituijin。
三、要(yao)降(jiang)低(di)汽(qi)車(che)尾(wei)氣(qi)的(de)化(hua)石(shi)能(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)耗(hao),發(fa)展(zhan)綠(lv)色(se)交(jiao)通(tong),我(wo)們(men)大(da)力(li)提(ti)倡(chang)公(gong)交(jiao)優(you)先(xian),北(bei)京(jing)發(fa)展(zhan)到(dao)這(zhe)個(ge)水(shui)平(ping)之(zhi)後(hou)都(dou)想(xiang)買(mai)小(xiao)車(che),這(zhe)樣(yang)一(yi)個(ge)模(mo)式(shi)不(bu)可(ke)持(chi)續(xu),小(xiao)車(che)生(sheng)產(chan)是(shi)上(shang)去(qu)了(le),但(dan)是(shi)城(cheng)市(shi)汙(wu)染(ran)上(shang)去(qu)了(le),堵(du)得(de)一(yi)踏(ta)糊(hu)塗(tu),很(hen)多(duo)地(di)方(fang)發(fa)展(zhan)地(di)鐵(tie),我(wo)個(ge)人(ren)認(ren)為(wei)快(kuai)速(su)公(gong)共(gong)汽(qi)車(che)是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)未(wei)來(lai)城(cheng)市(shi)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)方(fang)向(xiang),我(wo)覺(jiao)得(de)大(da)力(li)提(ti)倡(chang)這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)交(jiao)通(tong)方(fang)式(shi)。不(bu)要(yao)單(dan)獨(du)一(yi)條(tiao)線(xian),要(yao)盡(jin)快(kuai)形(xing)成(cheng)網(wang)絡(luo),這(zhe)樣(yang)讓(rang)老(lao)百(bai)姓(xing)出(chu)行(xing)覺(jiao)得(de)坐(zuo)公(gong)交(jiao)汽(qi)車(che)非(fei)常(chang)舒(shu)適(shi)、快捷和方便,他不用自己開車。同時鼓勵老百姓騎自行車,走路,這些都是非常重要的。當然還有綠色建築,這都是很重要的。
第三點以發展循環經濟為抓手,促進綠色發展發展。
一、womenjianyiyaoshixingguojialvsechanpindefazhanzhanlve,jiushiyaoyixunhuanjingjiweiyituo,cujinlvsechanyefazhandezhanlve。ershigegeqiyeyaozhidinglvseqiyefazhandezhanlve。sanshiyaoshishilvsequyufazhanzhanlve,lvseguominjingjihesuantixi,jijikaizhanlvsefazhandeshifanshidian,zheyangbalvsecengmiancongjingjicengmianluoshixiaqu。
第四、盡jin快kuai形xing成cheng節jie能neng減jian排pai和he促cu進jin綠lv色se發fa展zhan的de政zheng策ce環huan境jing,一yi個ge是shi稅shui收shou支zhi持chi政zheng策ce,發fa展zhan綠lv色se企qi業ye,綠lv色se區qu域yu試shi點dian,包bao括kuo循xun環huan經jing濟ji試shi點dian就jiu應ying該gai在zai稅shui收shou環huan節jie減jian免mian部bu分fen的de增zeng值zhi稅shui和he消xiao費fei稅shui,我wo們men正zheng在zai研yan究jiu。第di二er個ge要yao改gai革ge和he完wan善shan資zi源yuan價jia格ge形xing成cheng機ji製zhi和he價jia格ge政zheng策ce,現xian在zai能neng源yuan的de價jia格ge要yao逐zhu步bu提ti高gao,資zi源yuan的de價jia格ge要yao逐zhu步bu提ti高gao,這zhe應ying該gai是shi一yi個ge大da勢shi所suo趨qu。還hai有you一yi個ge就jiu是shi資zi源yuan稅shui也ye正zheng在zai研yan究jiu過guo程cheng中zhong,現xian在zai方fang案an都dou已yi經jing製zhi訂ding了le,可ke能neng不bu久jiu就jiu會hui出chu台tai,都dou是shi為wei了le促cu進jin資zi源yuan合he理li利li用yong。第di三san點dian鼓gu勵li企qi業ye增zeng加jia節jie能neng減jian排pai投tou入ru的de政zheng策ce。四si是shi在zai銀yin行xing業ye實shi施shi促cu進jin節jie能neng減jian排pai的de黑hei色se信xin貸dai和he綠lv色se信xin貸dai戰zhan略lve,高gao排pai放fang給gei黑hei色se信xin貸dai,相xiang反fan實shi行xing綠lv色se信xin貸dai,給gei你ni綠lv色se的de通tong道dao。五wu是shi抓zhua緊jin製zhi定ding和he完wan善shan節jie能neng減jian排pai的de技ji術shu政zheng策ce,而er且qie是shi強qiang製zhi執zhi行xing。六liu是shi加jia快kuai建jian立li健jian全quan法fa規gui體ti係xi。
第五、yaofahuishichangjizhizaishishinengyuanhuanbaohelvsefazhandeyixiejichuxingdezuoyong,zhuyaoshisandian,yigeshixingyexiehuidezhongyaozuoyong,dierdianshijiakuaifazhanjienengzhongjiefuwu,sanshigulitansuohetuiguangjienengjianpaixinjizhi,biruxiangdianlixuqiuguanli,lingwaijiushinenghaodianchangdejizhi。
第六、womenyaowanshanyouliyunengyuangaigefazhan,jienengjianpaihelvsefazhandezuzhibaozhangtixi。zhelimianwomenyoujigexiangfa,yigewogerenrenweiyinggaichenglinengyuanbu。diergeyaozaiguojizhengfuyaowanshanjienengjianpaidexietiaojizhi。xianzaizhongyangyou,shengyou,dishibutaiwanshan。sanshiyanjiushishihuanbaojianduxitongquanguochuizhiguanli。wuranpaifangzhongyangyijuhaozhaojiuyijingzuodaole,xianzaihenduoertongxueqianhanliangfeichangjingren,henduodifangdehuanbaojigouchenglewuranqiyedeyigebaojiahuhangdedanwei,weiledifangdejingjifazhanbuxiwuranhuanjing。zaijiushihenduodifangwuranxingqiye,paifangduodeqiyebudianzaitadequyuxiashuikou,yinweitaduizaochengdewuranduibendiqubuzaochengwuran,zheshidifangbaohuzhuyiyigehenyanzhongdeqingkuang。yincijianyizhongyangdaodifanghuanbaochuizhijianguanxitong,wogerenrenweifeichangbiyao,keburonghuan,guojiazhengfuguanlizhineng,qitakeyiruanyidian,danshihuanbaozheyangdedashiqingqianwanbunengruan,ruanleyihouduilaobaixingbufuzeren。sishijianquanquanguojienengjianpaijianchatixi。
第七、jiakuaifazhanhedian。hedianyaozoulvsefazhandedaolu,shijishangbixugaibiannengyuandegonggeijiegou,hedianshijubeiguimohuafazhandeyigexinnengyuan,erqiejibenshangshiwuwuran,danshixianzaizhelimianshejidaoyixiejishuluxianhetouzitizhi,yuanliaobaozhangzhexiewenti,womenyezaigaoyixieyanjiu,jiushizongdeyijuhuajiushiyaocujinjiakuaifazhan,zhengqudao2020年發展到7500萬,我覺得爭取發展到1geyizuihao,zhelimianjishuluxiandejiaoduyigeshijiakuaifazhansandaihedian,diergeshiyunxuzaiyanhaibudian。zhelimianyouhenduodezhuangbeizhizaoqiyehehedianshengchanyouguan。
第八、大規模發展風電,風電發展風是不了解中國可再生能源發展的狀況,我們現象新能源和可再生能源,清潔能源占整個能源的比例才8%左右,到2020年按照中央的部署要發展到15%,就是在未來10年左右,這個要提高7個百分點,而我們現在能源需求的增長速度相當快,至少每年增長7、8個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)。在(zai)速(su)度(du)和(he)需(xu)求(qiu)這(zhe)麼(me)快(kuai)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia),你(ni)的(de)新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)和(he)可(ke)再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)占(zhan)的(de)比(bi)例(li)要(yao)迅(xun)速(su)的(de)提(ti)高(gao),你(ni)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)速(su)度(du)肯(ken)定(ding)要(yao)遠(yuan)遠(yuan)高(gao)於(yu)化(hua)石(shi)能(neng)源(yuan)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)速(su)度(du),否(fou)則(ze)你(ni)的(de)結(jie)構(gou)怎(zen)麼(me)調(tiao)整(zheng)呢(ne)?這(zhe)實(shi)際(ji)上(shang)要(yao)求(qiu)我(wo)們(men)一(yi)年(nian)幾(ji)乎(hu)要(yao)提(ti)高(gao)一(yi)個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點(dian),這(zhe)個(ge)難(nan)度(du)是(shi)非(fei)常(chang)大(da),所(suo)以(yi)風(feng)電(dian)我(wo)認(ren)為(wei)能(neng)發(fa)展(zhan)多(duo)快(kuai)就(jiu)發(fa)展(zhan)多(duo)快(kuai),但(dan)是(shi)要(yao)解(jie)決(jue)當(dang)然(ran)最(zui)難(nan)介(jie)入(ru)困(kun)難(nan)的(de)問(wen)題(ti),風(feng)電(dian)發(fa)電(dian)機(ji)的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)要(yao)盡(jin)快(kuai)提(ti)高(gao),風(feng)電(dian)技(ji)術(shu)標(biao)準(zhun)要(yao)嚴(yan)格(ge)執(zhi)行(xing),而(er)且(qie)要(yao)國(guo)際(ji)上(shang)最(zui)嚴(yan)格(ge)的(de)標(biao)準(zhun)製(zhi)定(ding)中(zhong)國(guo)的(de)技(ji)術(shu)標(biao)準(zhun),關(guan)鍵(jian)技(ji)術(shu)要(yao)盡(jin)快(kuai)突(tu)破(po)。
第九、跨(kua)越(yue)式(shi)開(kai)發(fa)利(li)用(yong)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng),這(zhe)裏(li)麵(mian)有(you)三(san)個(ge)技(ji)術(shu),一(yi)個(ge)是(shi)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)直(zhi)接(jie)利(li)用(yong)技(ji)術(shu),第(di)二(er)個(ge)就(jiu)是(shi)多(duo)晶(jing)矽(gui)光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)技(ji)術(shu),還(hai)有(you)就(jiu)是(shi)薄(bo)膜(mo)技(ji)術(shu),這(zhe)幾(ji)項(xiang)基(ji)本(ben)都(dou)是(shi)成(cheng)熟(shu)的(de),具(ju)備(bei)大(da)規(gui)模(mo)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)條(tiao)件(jian),而(er)且(qie)開(kai)發(fa)成(cheng)本(ben)在(zai)迅(xun)速(su)下(xia)降(jiang)。我(wo)們(men)初(chu)步(bu)測(ce)算(suan)到(dao)2016年左右太陽能發電的成本就可以跟火電發電的成本基本相當,所以說我們前期可能給一些發電價格補貼,但是在2016年以後可以不用補貼的,具備跟煤炭競爭的條件。
第十、加jia快kuai農nong村cun沼zhao氣qi利li用yong項xiang目mu發fa展zhan,不bu是shi小xiao沼zhao氣qi,小xiao沼zhao氣qi已yi經jing發fa展zhan到dao相xiang當dang的de規gui模mo,現xian在zai要yao促cu進jin大da沼zhao氣qi發fa電dian項xiang目mu開kai發fa和he利li用yong。我wo們men在zai順shun義yi用yong雞ji糞fen沼zhao氣qi發fa電dian的de項xiang目mu,解jie決jue了le幾ji個ge問wen題ti,一yi個ge未wei來lai的de農nong牧mu業ye肯ken定ding技ji術shu集ji中zhong化hua的de養yang殖zhi,集ji中zhong化hua養yang殖zhi了le以yi後hou,雞ji糞fen和he豬zhu糞fen怎zen麼me處chu理li,這zhe個ge隻zhi能neng通tong過guo沼zhao氣qi發fa電dian,所suo以yi走zou這zhe個ge路lu子zi解jie決jue了le農nong村cun汙wu染ran問wen題ti。第di二er個ge提ti供gong新xin能neng源yuan,第di三san個ge沼zhao氣qi發fa電dian以yi後hou形xing成cheng的de沼zhao渣zha是shi清qing潔jie肥fei料liao,是shi生sheng態tai肥fei料liao。第di四si我wo們men要yao利li用yong荒huang山shan荒huang地di大da規gui模mo組zu織zhi油you料liao能neng源yuan林lin,大da力li發fa展zhan生sheng物wu柴chai油you。這zhe是shi目mu前qian可ke規gui模mo化hua實shi施shi的de石shi油you替ti代dai戰zhan略lve,我wo為wei這zhe個ge事shi情qing調tiao研yan了le半ban年nian時shi間jian,我wo國guo荒huang山shan荒huang地di荒huang漠mo大da概gai有you32億(yi)畝(mu),我(wo)們(men)廣(guang)大(da)農(nong)村(cun)荒(huang)山(shan)荒(huang)漠(mo)荒(huang)地(di)就(jiu)荒(huang)掉(diao)了(le),以(yi)前(qian)退(tui)耕(geng)還(hai)林(lin)得(de)到(dao)了(le)國(guo)家(jia)的(de)補(bu)償(chang),本(ben)身(shen)沒(mei)有(you)太(tai)多(duo)的(de)效(xiao)益(yi),所(suo)以(yi)沒(mei)有(you)真(zhen)正(zheng)形(xing)成(cheng)良(liang)性(xing)循(xun)環(huan)。油(you)料(liao)能(neng)源(yuan)林(lin)可(ke)以(yi)為(wei)農(nong)民(min)帶(dai)來(lai)很(hen)多(duo)的(de)收(shou)益(yi),北(bei)方(fang)有(you)光(guang)皮(pi)樹(shu),還(hai)有(you)桐(tong)子(zi)樹(shu),一(yi)個(ge)我(wo)們(men)總(zong)的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)是(shi)典(dian)型(xing)以(yi)工(gong)代(dai)振(zhen),帶(dai)動(dong)很(hen)多(duo)農(nong)民(min)就(jiu)業(ye),帶(dai)動(dong)很(hen)多(duo)邊(bian)遠(yuan)地(di)區(qu)的(de)就(jiu)業(ye)。第(di)二(er)個(ge)形(xing)成(cheng)油(you)料(liao)以(yi)後(hou),就(jiu)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)典(dian)型(xing)的(de)不(bu)枯(ku)竭(jie)的(de)油(you)田(tian),1億畝的油料園林每年可以獲得1千qian萬wan噸dun的de生sheng物wu柴chai油you,而er且qie比bi化hua石shi柴chai油you汙wu染ran排pai放fang量liang低di多duo了le,達da到dao了le歐ou盟meng的de標biao準zhun。實shi際ji上shang形xing成cheng了le碳tan彙hui林lin,可ke以yi吸xi收shou二er氧yang化hua碳tan,這zhe個ge我wo們men要yao下xia大da力li氣qi發fa展zhan。到dao2020年每年可以得到2千萬噸的生物柴油,替代進口,讓將近2千萬農民這一方麵的,帶來相當高的收入,這個請大家關注。
最(zui)後(hou)一(yi)點(dian)要(yao)加(jia)快(kuai)煤(mei)電(dian)化(hua)運(yun)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)特(te)大(da)能(neng)源(yuan)基(ji)地(di)建(jian)設(she)。我(wo)國(guo)煤(mei)炭(tan)發(fa)展(zhan)小(xiao)散(san)亂(luan),山(shan)西(xi)最(zui)近(jin)搞(gao)的(de)整(zheng)合(he),我(wo)個(ge)人(ren)認(ren)為(wei)是(shi)非(fei)常(chang)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)。第(di)二(er)點(dian)就(jiu)是(shi)井(jing)礦(kuang)占(zhan)了(le)90%以(yi)上(shang),露(lu)天(tian)開(kai)采(cai)很(hen)少(shao),所(suo)以(yi)事(shi)故(gu)不(bu)斷(duan),管(guan)煤(mei)炭(tan)的(de)領(ling)導(dao)提(ti)心(xin)吊(diao)膽(dan),這(zhe)個(ge)問(wen)題(ti)怎(zen)麼(me)辦(ban)?解(jie)決(jue)中(zhong)國(guo)能(neng)源(yuan)的(de)問(wen)題(ti)一(yi)定(ding)要(yao)走(zou)大(da)基(ji)地(di)和(he)大(da)集(ji)團(tuan)的(de)路(lu)子(zi),一(yi)定(ding)要(yao)提(ti)高(gao)產(chan)業(ye)集(ji)中(zhong)度(du),這(zhe)個(ge)在(zai)什(shen)麼(me)地(di)方(fang)才(cai)能(neng)夠(gou)走(zou)這(zhe)個(ge)路(lu)子(zi),隻(zhi)能(neng)在(zai)北(bei)方(fang),也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)在(zai)內(nei)蒙(meng),在(zai)新(xin)疆(jiang)這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)地(di)方(fang)具(ju)有(you)這(zhe)樣(yang)的(de)條(tiao)件(jian),比(bi)如(ru)像(xiang)內(nei)蒙(meng),一(yi)塊(kuai)整(zheng)莊(zhuang)煤(mei)炭(tan)有(you)2、3yidun,chuanshudaiyilianggonglichuandaodianzhan,mashangkeyifadian,youshudianwangzhanshudaofuhezhongxin。yunjiushinayibufenyundaonanfang,yinweinanfanghaiyouyixiehuodian。zheyifangmianwomenjianyijiaqiangguihuazhidao,diergeshishijituanhuadezhanlve,disangeshifahuishichangjizhidezuoyong,disigeshijiejuequeshuidenanti。
zhelimianwoshaoweizuoyixiajieshi,shenmejiaojituanzhanlve?xiaodaxiaonaobuyaolai,yidingshidagongsi,yigeyezhulaijinxingtuijin。diergejiushishichangjizhi,shichangjizhihaishifeichangzhongyaode,bunengwanquangaolongduan,jiejuequeshuiwentishiwomengaotedameidianjidideguanjianwenti,womenjianyigaodeyanjiujianyiyongtiaohaishui,jiushicongbohaitiaohaishuidaoneimeng,weilaikenengdaoxinjiang,ranhouqukaifameitan,gaomeihuagong,cujinnengyuanjidijianshe。muqianzhegeshifangongchengzhengzaijijidetuijin,ruguoyidanchenggong,womenshuikeyiyizhiwangxizou,tiaodaogansuhexinjiang,kaifaxinjiangdemeitanziyuan,congzhengtishangniuzhuanzhongguodenengyuangonggeiheshengchanbujugeju。
來源:搜狐財經