http://www.kadhoai.com.cn 2026-04-25 02:38:03 來源:賽迪顧問
黨的二十屆三中全會提出,“加快推進新型工業化,培育壯大先進製造業集群,推動製造業高端化、智能化、綠色化發展”。城市是中國推進新型工業化、打造以先進製造業為骨幹的現代化產業體係的重要載體。賽迪顧問於2024年12月25日在湖北省荊州市舉辦的2024先進製造業發展大會上發布《2024年先進製造業城市研究》,提出城市先進製造業發展的“三類模式”“三大趨勢”“三點建議”,旨在助力城市先進製造業發展,推進新型工業化進程。

一、新發現:城市先進製造業發展三種模式
通tong過guo連lian續xu多duo年nian對dui城cheng市shi先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye發fa展zhan的de追zhui蹤zong觀guan察cha及ji研yan究jiu,賽sai迪di顧gu問wen先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye研yan究jiu中zhong心xin對dui城cheng市shi先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye發fa展zhan演yan進jin曲qu線xian進jin行xing了le迭die代dai升sheng級ji,形xing成cheng了le城cheng市shi先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye發fa展zhan曲qu線xian2.0。該曲線將城市先進製造業的發展階段劃分為躍升期、擴張期、發展期和起步期四個階段,不同階段的城市展現出獨特的發展特征,並在城市間形成了各異的協同關係模式,具體可分為鏈帶式、單星式和軸輻式三種主要模式。

圖1 城市先進製造業發展演進曲線2.0
數據來源:賽迪顧問2024,12
(一)鏈帶式:多處於城市先進製造業發展演進曲線的擴張期,均衡發展特色明顯
模式特征:鏈lian帶dai式shi模mo式shi通tong常chang涵han蓋gai多duo個ge地di理li位wei置zhi相xiang鄰lin或huo接jie近jin的de城cheng市shi,各ge個ge城cheng市shi均jun擁yong有you較jiao為wei豐feng富fu的de生sheng產chan要yao素su,這zhe些xie城cheng市shi之zhi間jian交jiao通tong基ji礎chu設she施shi完wan善shan,經jing濟ji聯lian係xi緊jin密mi,通tong過guo健jian康kang的de競jing爭zheng、緊密的合作和有效的協同,建立起相互依賴、相xiang互hu促cu進jin的de緊jin密mi關guan係xi。這zhe種zhong關guan係xi不bu僅jin提ti升sheng了le整zheng個ge區qu域yu先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye的de競jing爭zheng力li和he效xiao率lv,而er且qie促cu進jin了le鏈lian帶dai式shi模mo式shi中zhong的de先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye城cheng市shi均jun衡heng發fa展zhan。

圖2 鏈帶式模式
數據來源:賽迪顧問2024,12
(二)單星式:多處於城市先進製造業發展演進曲線的擴張期及發展期,區域帶動能力亟待挖掘
模式特征:單星式模式特指那些原材料資源豐富、科技創新資源充裕、rencaiyuzibendengshengchanyaosufengpeidechengshi。zheleichengshixianjinzhizaoyezishenfazhanshitoulianghao,danzaiyuzhoubianchengshideliandonghequyudaidongnenglifangmianbiaoxianjiaoruo,weinengyouxiaoxingchengyidachengshiweihexin,daidongdazhongxiaochengshixietongfazhandegaozhiliangfazhangeju。zhezhongmoshixiadechengshi,jinguanzaimouxiefangmianbiaoxianchuse,danzaiquyujingjiyitihuahechanyejiqunfazhanfangmian,rengyoujiaodadetishengkongjian。

圖3 單星式模式
數據來源:賽迪顧問2024,12
(三)軸輻式:分布於城市先進製造業發展演進曲線的各時期,集聚效應顯著
模式特征:軸(zhou)輻(fu)式(shi)模(mo)式(shi)包(bao)括(kuo)涵(han)蓋(gai)了(le)兩(liang)類(lei)城(cheng)市(shi)及(ji)兩(liang)種(zhong)細(xi)分(fen)模(mo)式(shi)。兩(liang)類(lei)城(cheng)市(shi)即(ji)樞(shu)紐(niu)中(zhong)心(xin)城(cheng)市(shi)和(he)受(shou)輻(fu)射(she)的(de)周(zhou)邊(bian)城(cheng)市(shi)。兩(liang)種(zhong)細(xi)分(fen)模(mo)式(shi)為(wei)單(dan)樞(shu)紐(niu)和(he)雙(shuang)樞(shu)紐(niu)軸(zhou)輻(fu)式(shi),在(zai)單(dan)樞(shu)紐(niu)軸(zhou)輻(fu)式(shi)中(zhong),存(cun)在(zai)一(yi)個(ge)核(he)心(xin)樞(shu)紐(niu)中(zhong)心(xin)城(cheng)市(shi),與(yu)受(shou)輻(fu)射(she)的(de)其(qi)他(ta)城(cheng)市(shi)聯(lian)係(xi)緊(jin)密(mi);在雙樞紐軸輻式中,存在兩個樞紐中心城市,這兩個城市之間人流、物流、資金流往來頻繁,周邊城市通常與其中一個樞紐中心城市保持較為緊密的聯係。
zaizhoufushimoshizhong,shuniuzhongxinchengshitongguoqiqiangjindejingjishilihefazhanqianli,xiyinzhoubianchengshidegaoduanshengchanyaosu,zhezhongyaosubingfudechayijiangcushixianjinzhizaoyelingyudeqiyezaishuniuzhongxinchengshijiju。danzaiyidingdetiaojianxia,shuniuzhongxinchengshisuonengdadaodexianjinzhizaoyejijujingjiguimoshiyouxiande,dangchaoguozheyixiandu,chengshideshengchanyaosuchengbensuizhishangsheng,qiyelirunxiajiang。zaizhezhongqingkuangxia,shuniuzhongxinchengshideqiyehuizhubuxiangwaiqianyi,shengchanyaosuhuixiangzhoubianchengshikuosan,yixunqiugengguangkuodefazhankongjianhegenggaoxiaodeziyuanpeizhi。

圖4 軸輻式模式
數據來源:賽迪顧問2024,12
二、新時期:先進製造業發展趨勢洞見
(一)從實體到數字,開啟數實融合新紀元
xianjinzhizaoyezhengjinglizhecongchuantongdeshitizhizaomoshixiangquanmianshuzihuanaizhizhinenghuazhuanxingdeshenkebiange。zheyijinchengzhong,shitizhizaozengyikaoshougongcaozuohejixieshengchanzhichengqipangdadegongyetixi。suizhexinxijishudefeisufazhan,xianjinzhizaoyezhubumairushuzihuashidai,tongguojichengjisuanjifuzhusheji、製zhi造zao與yu管guan理li係xi統tong,實shi現xian了le生sheng產chan流liu程cheng的de高gao效xiao協xie同tong與yu數shu據ju驅qu動dong的de優you化hua決jue策ce。如ru今jin,人ren工gong智zhi能neng技ji術shu的de廣guang泛fan應ying用yong為wei先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye插cha上shang了le智zhi慧hui的de翅chi膀pang,從cong智zhi能neng工gong廠chang、yucexingweihudaozishiyingshengchan,rengongzhinengbujindafutishengleshengchanxiaolvyulinghuoxing,haicujinlechanpinzhiliangdefeiyueyugexinghuadingzhidepuji,yinlingxianjinzhizaoyemaixianggengjiagaoxiao、綠色與可持續的未來。

(二)從要素到標準,聚焦大國競爭新戰場
在zai技ji術shu日ri新xin月yue異yi與yu全quan球qiu供gong應ying鏈lian經jing曆li深shen刻ke重zhong構gou的de背bei景jing下xia,先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye的de競jing爭zheng焦jiao點dian已yi經jing顯xian著zhu地di從cong生sheng產chan要yao素su和he成cheng本ben的de傳chuan統tong較jiao量liang,升sheng華hua到dao了le技ji術shu標biao準zhun和he規gui則ze製zhi定ding權quan的de高gao層ceng次ci競jing爭zheng。這zhe一yi轉zhuan變bian要yao求qiu各ge國guo不bu僅jin要yao在zai技ji術shu創chuang新xin上shang持chi續xu突tu破po,更geng要yao積ji極ji參can與yu國guo際ji標biao準zhun的de製zhi定ding過guo程cheng,在zai全quan球qiu市shi場chang中zhong獲huo得de主zhu導dao權quan和he話hua語yu權quan,增zeng強qiang全quan球qiu影ying響xiang力li。通tong過guo掌zhang握wo技ji術shu標biao準zhun,企qi業ye不bu僅jin能neng有you效xiao規gui避bi貿mao易yi壁bi壘lei,還hai能neng促cu進jin產chan業ye鏈lian上shang下xia遊you的de深shen度du融rong合he,加jia速su產chan業ye升sheng級ji,為wei先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye的de高gao質zhi量liang發fa展zhan奠dian定ding堅jian實shi基ji礎chu。

(三)從增長到韌性,邁向經濟增長新周期
zaiquanqiuhuahebuquedingxingriyijiajudebeijingxia,xianjinzhizaoyedefazhancelveyiqiaoranzhuanbian,congdanchunzhuiqiujingjizengchang,zhuanxianggengjiazhuzhongjingjidekechixuxingherenxing。mianduifuzaduobiandeguojishichanghuanjing,xianjinzhizaoyechanyeliangongyingliandelinghuoxinghediyufengxiannenglichengweilexianjinzhizaoyewendingfazhandeguanjiansuozai。weileshixiankechixufazhan,xianjinzhizaoyezhengjijituidonglvseshengchan,youhuaziyuanpeizhi,tongshi,jiaqiangchanyelianshangxiayoudexietonghezuo,goujianduoyuanhua、韌性強的供應鏈體係以應對市場波動和外部風險。
三、新要求:城市先進製造業發展建議
(一)把握創新融合,搶占機會窗口
以yi創chuang新xin為wei引yin擎qing,激ji發fa先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye新xin動dong能neng。一yi是shi強qiang化hua產chan業ye鏈lian協xie同tong,鏈lian接jie全quan球qiu高gao端duan創chuang新xin資zi源yuan與yu生sheng產chan要yao素su,構gou建jian以yi企qi業ye為wei創chuang新xin主zhu體ti的de協xie同tong創chuang新xin網wang絡luo,形xing成cheng產chan業ye創chuang新xin生sheng態tai網wang絡luo。二er是shi激ji發fa人ren才cai創chuang新xin活huo力li,探tan索suo建jian立li跨kua行xing業ye、kuadiqudejinengpeixunyurencaijiaoliuhezuochangxiaojizhi,jiakuairencaidepeiyangyuliudong,weizhizaoyedechuangxinfazhantigongqiangdaderenlizhichi。sanshigaozhiliangjianshechuangxinpingtai,wanshansheng、市(shi)級(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)網(wang)絡(luo)體(ti)係(xi),加(jia)速(su)科(ke)技(ji)成(cheng)果(guo)的(de)示(shi)範(fan)應(ying)用(yong)和(he)落(luo)地(di)轉(zhuan)化(hua)。以(yi)融(rong)合(he)為(wei)動(dong)力(li),塑(su)造(zao)先(xian)進(jin)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)新(xin)模(mo)式(shi)。一(yi)是(shi)推(tui)動(dong)新(xin)一(yi)代(dai)信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)術(shu)與(yu)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)融(rong)合(he),緊(jin)緊(jin)把(ba)握(wo)新(xin)一(yi)代(dai)信(xin)息(xi)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)迅(xun)猛(meng)發(fa)展(zhan)機(ji)遇(yu),順(shun)應(ying)數(shu)字(zi)技(ji)術(shu)同(tong)製(zhi)造(zao)、能源、材(cai)料(liao)等(deng)技(ji)術(shu)加(jia)速(su)交(jiao)叉(cha)融(rong)合(he)趨(qu)勢(shi),大(da)力(li)推(tui)動(dong)智(zhi)能(neng)製(zhi)造(zao),培(pei)育(yu)壯(zhuang)大(da)智(zhi)能(neng)服(fu)務(wu)新(xin)模(mo)式(shi)新(xin)業(ye)態(tai)。二(er)是(shi)推(tui)動(dong)先(xian)進(jin)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)和(he)現(xian)代(dai)服(fu)務(wu)業(ye)深(shen)度(du)融(rong)合(he),促(cu)進(jin)現(xian)代(dai)物(wu)流(liu)和(he)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)高(gao)效(xiao)融(rong)合(he),強(qiang)化(hua)研(yan)發(fa)設(she)計(ji)服(fu)務(wu)和(he)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)有(you)機(ji)融(rong)合(he),推(tui)進(jin)消(xiao)費(fei)服(fu)務(wu)重(zhong)點(dian)領(ling)域(yu)和(he)製(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)融(rong)合(he)。
(二)依托品牌質量,實現路徑突破
以質量為根本,煥發先進製造業新生機。一是推動產品創新,鼓勵企業應用先進適用技術、jiaqiangshebeigengxin,tishengduishichangdexiangyingsudu,bingtuidongxinchanpindeguimohuayingyong。ershichixuzhiliangyouhua,jianshezhinengzhizaoshifangongchang,wanshanzhinengzhizaobiaozhuntixi,tisheng“中國製造”的品質。三是提升品牌價值,提高產品的市場認可度和消費者忠誠度,塑造強有力的“中國品牌”。以yi優you化hua為wei路lu徑jing,構gou建jian先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye新xin體ti係xi。一yi是shi推tui動dong傳chuan統tong產chan業ye改gai造zao升sheng級ji,優you化hua產chan業ye結jie構gou,提ti升sheng優you質zhi產chan品pin的de供gong給gei能neng力li。二er是shi加jia快kuai布bu局ju戰zhan略lve性xing新xin興xing產chan業ye,強qiang化hua關guan鍵jian核he心xin技ji術shu的de創chuang新xin應ying用yong,推tui動dong戰zhan略lve性xing新xin興xing產chan業ye融rong合he化hua、集群化、生態化發展。三是積極謀劃未來產業,培育新產業和新賽道,加強技術攻關和成果轉化,豐富完善應用場景。
(三)堅持綠色發展,跨越增長瓶頸
以低碳為基礎,打造先進製造業新動力。一是構建清潔能源供應體係,結合城市先天優勢,因地製宜發展風、光、氫、儲、地熱、生sheng物wu質zhi能neng等deng清qing潔jie能neng源yuan供gong應ying手shou段duan。二er是shi加jia大da低di碳tan技ji術shu的de應ying用yong和he推tui廣guang,聚ju焦jiao綠lv色se低di碳tan科ke技ji創chuang新xin前qian沿yan,通tong過guo實shi施shi綠lv色se低di碳tan先xian進jin技ji術shu示shi範fan工gong程cheng,加jia快kuai科ke技ji成cheng果guo轉zhuan化hua和he產chan業ye化hua推tui廣guang。三san是shi堅jian持chi有you效xiao市shi場chang和he有you為wei政zheng府fu相xiang結jie合he,強qiang化hua政zheng策ce引yin導dao,完wan善shan激ji勵li機ji製zhi,綜zong合he運yun用yong財cai政zheng、金jin融rong等deng方fang式shi支zhi持chi產chan業ye低di碳tan發fa展zhan。以yi綠lv色se為wei引yin領ling,開kai創chuang先xian進jin製zhi造zao業ye新xin局ju麵mian。一yi是shi發fa展zhan綠lv色se低di碳tan新xin業ye態tai,鼓gu勵li企qi業ye采cai用yong先xian進jin適shi用yong技ji術shu,加jia強qiang設she備bei更geng新xin,以yi此ci降jiang低di資zi源yuan消xiao耗hao,保bao護hu環huan境jing,實shi現xian經jing濟ji效xiao益yi與yu生sheng態tai效xiao益yi的de雙shuang贏ying。二er是shi培pei育yu綠lv色se發fa展zhan新xin動dong能neng,建jian設she綠lv色se工gong廠chang,開kai展zhan綠lv色se生sheng產chan,不bu僅jin實shi現xian經jing濟ji的de可ke持chi續xu發fa展zhan,也ye為wei新xin型xing工gong業ye化hua的de推tui進jin注zhu入ru新xin動dong力li。三san是shi構gou建jian資zi源yuan節jie約yue和he環huan境jing友you好hao型xing生sheng產chan體ti係xi,通tong過guo實shi施shi工gong業ye領ling域yu碳tan達da峰feng行xing動dong,促cu進jin工gong業ye文wen明ming與yu生sheng態tai文wen明ming的de和he諧xie共gong生sheng。