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摘 要:本文主要介紹了台達DELTA機電產品在雙頭數控車床上的應用,本案例體現了台達機電產品一體化解決方案,節約設備成本和係統整合上的優勢。
關鍵詞:數控係統伺服係統 變頻器
1 引言
shuangtoushukongchechuangshuyufeibiaozhunshukongchechuang,shizhuanyongjichuangshebei。kehugenjushiyongdanweijutijishutiaojian,caiyongtaidajidianyitihuajishuyingyongfangan,youxiaodikongzhishebeichengben,lianghaodimanzuzuizhongyonghudeyingyongyaoqiu。
雙(shuang)頭(tou)數(shu)控(kong)專(zhuan)用(yong)車(che)床(chuang)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)特(te)征(zheng)是(shi)利(li)用(yong)雙(shuang)主(zhu)軸(zhou)箱(xiang)對(dui)加(jia)工(gong)件(jian)進(jin)行(xing)雙(shuang)向(xiang)加(jia)工(gong)。相(xiang)對(dui)於(yu)傳(chuan)統(tong)車(che)床(chuang)的(de)單(dan)向(xiang)加(jia)工(gong)過(guo)程(cheng),雙(shuang)頭(tou)數(shu)控(kong)專(zhuan)用(yong)車(che)床(chuang)實(shi)現(xian)了(le)雙(shuang)向(xiang)加(jia)工(gong),理(li)論(lun)加(jia)工(gong)效(xiao)率(lv)提(ti)高(gao)一(yi)倍(bei)。對(dui)於(yu)不(bu)易(yi)二(er)次(ci)定(ding)位(wei)裝(zhuang)夾(jia)的(de)同(tong)軸(zhou)度(du)要(yao)求(qiu)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)盤(pan)套(tao)類(lei)和(he)短(duan)軸(zhou)類(lei)(不需尾座頂尖)零件批量加工,CNC精密全自動雙頭車床是高效的甚至是唯一的加工設備。雙頭數控車床包括左右滑台座、左右大拖板、左右縱向滾珠絲杠副、左右縱向伺服電機和數控裝置。在左右滑台座之間設有與其固定連接的主軸座,該主軸座內設有空心主軸、傳動箱和變頻電機,在左右大拖板上設有橫向的左右中拖板,該左右中拖板上設有配套的左右橫向滾珠絲杠副和左右橫向伺服電機。
2 係統設計
2.1控製係統技術分析
本(ben)案(an)雙(shuang)頭(tou)數(shu)控(kong)車(che)床(chuang)主(zhu)要(yao)開(kai)發(fa)目(mu)的(de)是(shi)追(zhui)求(qiu)加(jia)工(gong)效(xiao)率(lv),工(gong)藝(yi)動(dong)作(zuo)比(bi)較(jiao)簡(jian)單(dan),其(qi)大(da)托(tuo)板(ban)可(ke)以(yi)隨(sui)意(yi)縱(zong)向(xiang)運(yun)動(dong),左(zuo)邊(bian)主(zhu)軸(zhou)箱(xiang)起(qi)動(dong),大(da)托(tuo)板(ban)快(kuai)進(jin)向(xiang)左(zuo)移(yi)動(dong),到(dao)位(wei)後(hou)變(bian)為(wei)工(gong)進(jin)吃(chi)刀(dao),加(jia)工(gong)到(dao)位(wei)後(hou)主(zhu)軸(zhou)電(dian)機(ji)停(ting)止(zhi)運(yun)轉(zhuan),並(bing)且(qie)馬(ma)上(shang)製(zhi)動(dong),主(zhu)軸(zhou)安(an)裝(zhuang)電(dian)磁(ci)刹(sha)車(che)製(zhi)動(dong)器(qi),主(zhu)軸(zhou)瞬(shun)間(jian)停(ting)止(zhi);datuobandaidongtangdaokuaisutuichu,youcedaoweihouzanshitingzhiyidong,youcezhuzhoudianjiqidong,datuobankuaisuxiangyouyidong,daoweihoubianweigongjinchidao,jiagongdaoweihouzhuzhoudianjitingzhiyunzhuan,diancishachezhidongqidongzuo,zhuzhoushunjianshache,datuobandaidongtangdaokuaisutuichudaowei,dengdaixiayigejiagongdongzuo,yigelaihuijiagongxunhuanjieshu,xiayigexunhuanjixugongzuo,zhouerfushi,zhidaoanxiatingzhianjian,jieshuzhenggegongzuoguocheng,shebeitingjidaiming。gongjiankajushiyeyakatou,sheyouyalibuzubaojingxianshi,tishishiyongzhezhuyi。
2.2 設備電氣控製方案
考(kao)慮(lv)到(dao)本(ben)案(an)設(she)備(bei)對(dui)加(jia)工(gong)精(jing)度(du)沒(mei)有(you)非(fei)常(chang)嚴(yan)格(ge)的(de)要(yao)求(qiu),製(zhi)定(ding)了(le)比(bi)較(jiao)經(jing)濟(ji)的(de)控(kong)製(zhi)係(xi)統(tong)解(jie)決(jue)方(fang)案(an)。基(ji)於(yu)台(tai)達(da)自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)平(ping)台(tai)的(de)雙(shuang)頭(tou)數(shu)控(kong)車(che)床(chuang)電(dian)氣(qi)控(kong)製(zhi)係(xi)統(tong)原(yuan)理(li)組(zu)成(cheng)示(shi)意(yi)圖(tu)如(ru)圖(tu)1所示。

圖1 雙頭數控車床電氣控製係統
上位控製器采用台達數控係統A2P-1單(dan)軸(zhou)控(kong)製(zhi)器(qi),成(cheng)本(ben)較(jiao)低(di),完(wan)全(quan)適(shi)合(he)客(ke)戶(hu)的(de)應(ying)用(yong)場(chang)合(he),數(shu)控(kong)係(xi)統(tong)發(fa)給(gei)伺(si)服(fu)驅(qu)動(dong)器(qi)運(yun)行(xing)脈(mai)衝(chong)命(ming)令(ling),實(shi)行(xing)精(jing)準(zhun)定(ding)位(wei)要(yao)求(qiu),大(da)托(tuo)板(ban)運(yun)行(xing)由(you)伺(si)服(fu)係(xi)統(tong)控(kong)製(zhi),考(kao)慮(lv)到(dao)大(da)托(tuo)板(ban)運(yun)轉(zhuan)慣(guan)量(liang)的(de)實(shi)際(ji)需(xu)要(yao),我(wo)們(men)選(xuan)擇(ze)台(tai)達(da)A係列3.0KW中慣量伺服馬達,提供充足的動力來源。主軸電機5.5KW,選擇了兩台台達B係列交流變頻調速器,主軸轉速達到3000RPM,通過變頻器數字操作麵板實時顯示電機轉速,電機頻繁起動、電(dian)磁(ci)刹(sha)車(che)製(zhi)動(dong)停(ting)止(zhi)。頻(pin)率(lv)指(zhi)令(ling)來(lai)源(yuan)外(wai)部(bu)電(dian)位(wei)器(qi)旋(xuan)鈕(niu),根(gen)據(ju)不(bu)同(tong)工(gong)件(jian)的(de)加(jia)工(gong)要(yao)求(qiu)人(ren)工(gong)調(tiao)速(su)。變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)運(yun)轉(zhuan)命(ming)令(ling)由(you)繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)觸(chu)點(dian)控(kong)製(zhi),由(you)數(shu)控(kong)係(xi)統(tong)輸(shu)出(chu)開(kai)關(guan)命(ming)令(ling)。
2.3 控製係統實現
(1)數控係統:台達PUTNC A2P-1 ,一台。
(2)伺服驅動器:台達ASD-A3023MA,一台。
(3)伺服馬達:台達ASMT-30M250AK,1台。
(4)變頻器:台達VFD055B43A,2台。
3 台達A2P係統調試
根據設備現場實際運行狀況,JOG(手動)fangshixiagusuanchusifufuzaiguanliangbizhi,genjugaizhi,shiyongsifuzengyijisuanruanjiantiaoshisifuzengyi,fanfuceshi,tiaozhengdaoheshidejiagongjingduzhuangtaixia。bianpinqishezhihaoxiangguancanshu,tiaosuheyunzhuanminglingyouwaibutigong。A2P數控係統用戶加工程序和其它的數控產品不太一樣,類似填寫電子表格形式,最終程序如下:
|
指令序號 |
指令代碼 |
距離 |
速度 |
資料 |
|
1 |
1 |
80.00 |
80 |
|
|
2 |
4 |
|
|
6 |
|
3 |
5 |
|
|
-2 |
|
4 |
3 |
2 |
|
|
|
5 |
2 |
110.0 |
50 |
|
|
6 |
2 |
45 |
5 |
|
|
7 |
5 |
|
|
2 |
|
8 |
3 |
2 |
|
|
|
9 |
2 |
-150 |
80 |
|
|
10 |
4 |
|
|
3 |
|
11 |
5 |
|
|
-1 |
|
12 |
3 |
2 |
|
|
|
13 |
2 |
-113 |
50 |
|
|
14 |
2 |
-45 |
5 |
|
|
15 |
5 |
|
|
1 |
|
16 |
3 |
3.00 |
|
|
|
17 |
9 |
|
|
|
4 結束語
本案例技術方案比較容易實現,本文並非突出技術創新,隻是借助本文,體現台達DELTA機(ji)電(dian)產(chan)品(pin)在(zai)機(ji)電(dian)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)解(jie)決(jue)方(fang)案(an)和(he)性(xing)價(jia)比(bi)方(fang)麵(mian)的(de)優(you)勢(shi),能(neng)夠(gou)在(zai)滿(man)足(zu)客(ke)戶(hu)實(shi)際(ji)技(ji)術(shu)需(xu)求(qiu)的(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang),盡(jin)量(liang)為(wei)客(ke)戶(hu)節(jie)約(yue)經(jing)濟(ji)成(cheng)本(ben),也(ye)為(wei)其(qi)他(ta)用(yong)戶(hu)應(ying)用(yong)台(tai)達(da)機(ji)電(dian)產(chan)品(pin)實(shi)現(xian)控(kong)製(zhi)係(xi)統(tong)要(yao)求(qiu)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)借(jie)鑒(jian)和(he)參(can)照(zhao)經(jing)驗(yan)。
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